[PHP知识库]2021年7月27日17点26分 CentoOS8 安装apache+php+mysql

前置环境

CentOS8更换阿里云源

#备份源
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
#更换源
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
#或者
[root@localhost ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo

运行 yum makecache 生成缓存

[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache

安装net-tools，不然使用不了ifconfig命令，看不了ip地址

[root@localhost ~]# yum install net-tools -y

安装vim编辑器

[root@localhost ~]# yum install vim -y

安装apache，用于网站访问

[root@localhost ~]# yum install httpd -y

启动httpd

[root@localhost ~]# service httpd start

ifconfig查看ip地址

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.110  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        ether 00:0c:29:0f:c9:8a  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 2046993  bytes 955001567 (910.7 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2187370  bytes 281197289 (268.1 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 2451  bytes 106588 (104.0 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2451  bytes 106588 (104.0 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

现在还访问不了，因为需要关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# service firewalld stop

检测是否安装php，如果什么信息也没有，那么你就要自己安装php了

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep php

安装php

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y php

安装php-mysql扩展

[root@localhost ~]# yum install php-mysqlnd -y

再次检测，看是否安装。看到如下信息就证明安装成功了。

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep php
php-cli-5.3.3-26.el6.i686
php-5.3.3-26.el6.i686
php-common-5.3.3-26.el6.i686
省略...
[root@localhost ~]# 

重新启动Apache服务

[root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart

测试php。在/var/www/html/目录下创建一个index.php文件。然后在浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1/index.php

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@localhost html]# ls
[root@localhost html]# touch index.php
[root@localhost html]# gedit index.php
<?php
    echo "hello php";
?>

安装gd库，支持php图形验证码。在终端输入命令“yum install -y php-gd”

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y php-gd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
=============================================================================================================================
 Package                      Arch                       Version                            Repository                  Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 php-gd                       i686                       5.3.3-26.el6                       base                       105 k
Installing for dependencies:
 libXpm                       i686                       3.5.10-2.el6                       base                        50 k                                                                                        
Dependency Installed:
  libXpm.i686 0:3.5.10-2.el6                                                                                                
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep php-gd
php-gd-5.3.3-26.el6.i686
[root@localhost ~]# 

安装mysql

[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql mysql-server -y

启动mysql服务

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start

进入mysql

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root

创建用户

USE mysql; #创建用户需要操作 mysql 表
# 语法格式为 [@'host']  host 为 'localhost' 表示本地登录用户，host 为 IP地址或 IP 地址区间，表示指定IP地址的主机可登录，host 为 "%"，表示所有主机都可登录，省略代表所有主机
CREATE USER 'username'[@'host'] IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
# eg. 常见 local_user 用户可以在所有主机登录，密码为 123456
CREATE USER 'local_user' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
# eg. 创建 local_user 只允许在本地登录
CREATE USER 'local_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

查看用户权限

# 可以通过查询 user 表获取 语法格式为
SELECT  privileges|* FROM user WHERE `user` = 'username';
# eg. 查看 local_user 的权限
SELECT * FROM user WHERE `user` = 'local_user';
# 也可以用 SHOW GRANTS 查看
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'username' [@host];
# eg.
SHOW GRANTS FOR local_user;

赋予权限

# 语法格式
GRANT privileges ON database.table TO 'username'@'host' [IDENTIFIED BY 'password'];
# eg. 赋予 local_user 在所有主机的所有权限，但不包含给其他账号赋予权限的权限
GRANT all ON *.* TO 'local_user'@'%';
# 用户授权数据库
grant select,insert,update,delete,create on [数据库名称].* to [用户名称];
# *代表整个数据库.
# 例子：
mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,create on estuntest.* to estuntest;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# 授权某个用户拥有某个数据库的所有权限
GRANT ALL privileges ON test_db.* TO user_name@'%'IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
# 刷新权限 权限更新后刷新才会起作用
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;