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[PHP知识库]Upload-labs

Upload-labs

靶场搭建

1、拉取upload-labs镜像：

docker pull c0ny1/upload-labs

2、创建docker容器：

docker run -d -p 81:80 c0ny1/upload-labs

-p：意为端口映射，格式为宿主机端口:容器端口。
由于我的Linux的80端口已占用，所以服务映射到闲置的81端口。
3、查看容器的启动情况：
浏览器访问IP:81 在这里插入图片描述 4、upload文件夹创建
没有文件夹会出现报错，即使上传合法的文件也是报错。
a、进入upload-labs容器：

docker exec -it [CONTAINER ID] /bin/bash

#查看CONTAINER ID命令docker ps

b、创建upload文件夹：mkdir upload
c、给upload赋权限：chmod 777 upload
靶场搭建完成

Upload-labs

01-js检查

在这里插入图片描述上传js.png抓包修改为js.php
上传成功右键打开图片链接

2-只验证Content-type

上传222.php,修改content-type为图片类型：image/jpeg、image/png、image/gif
在这里插入图片描述

3-黑名单绕过

上传设置了黑名单，可以通过上传其他可解析文件，.phtml .phps .php5 .pht
前提是apache的httpd.conf中有配置代码

 $deny_ext = array('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp');

抓包修改后缀为php5

4-.htaccess绕过

在这里插入图片描述黑名单过滤了尽可能可以解析的文件后缀，除了.htaccess

$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写

因此先上传一个.htaccess文件，内容如下：

SetHandler application/x-httpd-php

把文件都会当成php来解析
接下来直接上传文件内容为一句话木马的正确类型文件，比如222.png

5-大小写绕过

同样过滤一堆黑名单

 $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");

与四不同的是没有将其后缀转换为小写
因此可以使用大小绕过
上传555.PHp
访问555.PHp

6-空格绕过

代码对后缀进行了大小写处理
文件名最后增加空格，写成666.phpx(x表示空格)，上传后保存在系统上的文件名最后的一个空格会被去掉，实际上保存的文件名就是666.php
上传666.php抓包修改后缀为666.phpx(x表示空格),
在这里插入图片描述

由于docker环境问题，又将靶场搭建在phpstudy上

访问木马文件
在这里插入图片描述

7-点绕过

源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

代码没有对后缀名末尾的点进行处理，自此会自动去掉后缀名中最后的”.”，可在后缀名中加”.”绕过：
上传222.png抓包修改为222.php.
在这里插入图片描述执行成功

8-::$DATA绕过

源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

没有对后缀名中的’::$DATA’进行过滤。在php+windows的情况下：如果文件名+"::$DATA“会把::$DATA之后的数据当成文件流处理,不会检测后缀名.且保持”::$DATA"之前的文件名。利用windows特性，可在后缀名中加” ::$DATA”绕过，文件名改成222.php::$DATA，上传成功后保存的文件名其实是222.php：

在这里插入图片描述上传成功，执行
访问文件/upload/202204012129209841.php，去掉::DATA

9-点+空格+点绕过

源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

代码先是去除文件名前后的空格，再去除文件名最后所有的.，再通过strrchar函数来寻找.来确认文件名的后缀，但是最后保存文件的时候没有重命名而使用的原始的文件名，导致可以利用1.php. .(点+空格+点)来绕过
A:如果上传符合类型的文件抓包修改为.php. .
在这里插入图片描述
B:直接上传php文件抓包修改为.php. .

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述效果都是一样的，直接访问木马文件即可

10-双写文件名绕过

源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess","ini");

        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);
        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
        $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;        
        if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
            $is_upload = true;
        } else {
            $msg = '上传出错！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

黑名单过滤，将黑名单里的后缀名替换为空且只替换一次，
绕过原理：
上传文件的后缀名凡是符合黑名单中任意一个后缀都会被替换为空，那么我们可以利用双写后缀的方式进行绕过。所以pphpph中间的php就被抹去了，剩下php达到木马文件后缀的要求。
在这里插入图片描述会有两个文件生成
访问木马文件

11-00截断(get)

源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
    $file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
    if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
        $img_path = $_GET['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
            $is_upload = true;
        } else {
            $msg = '上传出错！';
        }
    } else{
        $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件！";
    }
}

白名单判断，但$img_path是直接拼接，因此可以利用%00截断绕过。
%00和0x00：
0x00是十六进制的0
%00是url加密，是url的终止符
当程序在输出含有chr(0)变量时，chr(0)后面的数据会被停止，换句话说，就是误把它当成结束符，后面的数据直接忽略，这就导致漏洞产生的原因。
截断条件：php版本小于5.3.4，php的magic_quotes_gpc为OFF状态
在这里插入图片描述执行

12-00截断(post)

源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
    $file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
    if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
        $img_path = $_POST['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
            $is_upload = true;
        } else {
            $msg = "上传失败";
        }
    } else {
        $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件！";
    }
}

与上一题不同的就是post方式传递，还是利用00截断，因为POST不会像GET对%00进行自动解码，所以需要在二进制中进行修改。
在这里插入图片描述

13-图片马绕过

源码

function getReailFileType($filename){
    $file = fopen($filename, "rb");
    $bin = fread($file, 2); //只读2字节
    fclose($file);
    $strInfo = @unpack("C2chars", $bin);    
    $typeCode = intval($strInfo['chars1'].$strInfo['chars2']);    
    $fileType = '';    
    switch($typeCode){      
        case 255216:            
            $fileType = 'jpg';
            break;
        case 13780:            
            $fileType = 'png';
            break;        
        case 7173:            
            $fileType = 'gif';
            break;
        default:            
            $fileType = 'unknown';
        }    
        return $fileType;
}

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
    $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
    $file_type = getReailFileType($temp_file);

    if($file_type == 'unknown'){
        $msg = "文件未知，上传失败！";
    }else{
        $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_type;
        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
            $is_upload = true;
        } else {
            $msg = "上传出错！";
        }
    }
}

通过读文件的前2个字节判断文件类型，也就是绕过文件头检查，添加GIF图片的文件头GIF89a，绕过GIF图片检查。也可制作图片马：

copy 212.jpg /b + 222.php /a 444.jpg

在这里插入图片描述直接上传
但是不能把图片当做PHP解析，因此还需要利用文件包含漏洞
访问用于测试图片🐎的include.php

<?php
/*
本页面存在文件包含漏洞，用于测试图片马是否能正常运行！
*/
header("Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8");
$file = $_GET['file'];
if(isset($file)){
    include $file;
}else{
    show_source(__file__);
}
?>