C++

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

const int N = 30;

bool st1[N], st2[N];
string res[N];

int main()
{
	string a;
	cin >> a;
	
	for (int i = 0; i < a.size(); i ++ ) 
		if (i + 1 < a.size() && a[i + 1] == ':')
		{
			st2[a[i] - 'a'] = true;   //带参
			i ++;
		}
		else st1[a[i] - 'a'] = true; //不带参
	
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	getchar();
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i ++ )
	{
		printf("Case %d:", i);
		getline(cin, a);
		stringstream ssin(a);
		vector<string> s;
		while (ssin >> a) s.push_back(a);
		for (int i = 0; i < N; i ++ ) res[i].clear(); //注意每次需要清空res数组
		
		for (int i = 1; i < s.size(); i ++ )
		{
			if (s[i][0] != '-' || s[i][1] < 'a' || s[i].size() != 2) break;     //这里break的是不合法的读入
			int k = s[i][1] - 'a';
			if (st1[k]) res[k] = "x";    //这里可以是任何东西(只要有东西就可)
			else if (st2[k] && i + 1 < s.size())
			{
				res[k] = s[i + 1];
				i ++; 
			}
			else break;
			//这里break的是合法读入中的不符合题意(如初始字符串没有'c'，但是后面读入中有'c'，'c'后面的读入是无效的)
		}
		
		for (int i = 0; i < N; i ++ ) 
			if (res[i].size()) 
			{
				cout << " -" << (char)(i + 'a');
				if (st2[i]) cout << ' ' << res[i];
			}
			
		cout << endl;
	}
	
	return 0;
}