C++控制台坦克大战
最近接了一个企业的C++定制培训班，在语法阶段结束后要求带学生做一个项目。思来想去就做一个控制台的坦克大战吧，在这里分享给大家。
工具类
- 坐标点类
class Point
{
public:
Point();
Point(int x, int y);
inline int getX(){return x;}
inline int getY(){return y;}
inline void setX(int x){this->x = x;}
inline void setY(int y){this->y = y;}
bool operator==(const Point& other);
Point operator+(Point other);
private:
int x;
int y;
};
2.尺寸类
class Size
{
public:
Size();
Size(int width, int height);
inline int getWidth(){return width;}
inline int getHeight(){return height;}
inline void setWidth(int width){this->width = width;}
inline void setHeight(int height){this->height = height;}
bool operator==(const Size& other);
private:
int width;
int height;
};
3.矩形类
class Rect
{
public:
Rect();
Rect(Point pos, Size size);
inline Point getPos(){return pos;}
inline Size getSize(){return size;}
inline void setPos(Point pos){this->pos = pos;}
inline void setSize(Size size){this->size = size;}
bool contains(Point point);//包含点
bool collide(Rect other);//矩形碰撞 AABB碰撞算法
int minX();
int maxX();
int minY();
int maxY();
private:
Point pos;
Size size;
};
类的继承关系
- 继承关系图
- Sprite类
class Sprite
{
public:
Sprite();
public:
virtual void draw() = 0;//绘制
virtual void clearDraw() = 0;//清理绘制
virtual void update() = 0;//周期逻辑
inline Rect getRect(){return Rect(pos, size);}//获得矩形对象
inline Point getPos(){return pos;}
inline Size getSize(){return size;}
inline void setPos(Point pos){this->pos = pos;}
inline void setSize(Size size){this->size = size;}
protected:
Point pos;
Size size;
};
- Role类
class Role : public Sprite
{
public:
Role();
enum Direction_t
{
dir_up,
dir_down,
dir_left,
dir_right
};
virtual void moveUp()=0;
virtual void moveDown()=0;
virtual void moveLeft()=0;
virtual void moveRight()=0;
inline void setSpeed(int speed){this->speed = speed;}
inline void setDirection(Direction_t dir){direction = dir;}
inline Direction_t getDirection(){return direction;}
protected:
Direction_t direction;//移动方向
int speed;//移动速度 多少帧移动一次
int speedCount;//帧数计数
};
- Barrier类
class Barrier : public Sprite
{
public:
Barrier(char type);
void draw();
void clearDraw();
void update();
private:
int status;
string body[3][2] = {
{"# #","# #"}, //静态物体样式
{"@ @","@ @"}, //动态物体样式
{"$ $","$ $"} //老家样式
};
};
- Hero类
class Hero : public Role
{
public:
Hero();
void draw();
void clearDraw();
void moveUp();
void moveDown();
void moveLeft();
void moveRight();
void update();
void fire();//开火
bool canFire();//开火权限
bool canMove();//移动权限
bool collideBarrier();//碰到障碍物
bool collideBarrier(Point newPos);//碰到障碍物
private:
string body[4][3] = {
{"◢ ┃ ◣","┣ ● ┫","◥ ━ ◤"},
{"◢ ━ ◣","┣ ● ┫","◥ ┃ ◤"},
{"◢ ┳ ◣","━ ● ┃","◥ ┻ ◤"},
{"◢ ┳ ◣","┃ ● ━","◥ ┻ ◤"}
};
int fireCD = 20;//开火冷却
int fireCDCount = 0;//开火冷却计时
};
- Enemy类
class Enemy : public Role
{
public:
Enemy();
~Enemy();
void moveUp();
void moveDown();
void moveLeft();
void moveRight();
void draw();//绘制
void clearDraw();//清理绘制
void update();//周期逻辑
bool collideBarrier();//碰到障碍物
bool collideBarrier(Point newPos);//碰到障碍物
private:
void moveCtrl();//移动控制
void fireCtrl();//开火控制
void changeDirection();//改变移动方向
private:
string body[4][3] = {
{"╔ ┃ ╗","╠ █ ╣","╚ ╩ ╝"},
{"╔ ╦ ╗","╠ █ ╣","╚ ┃ ╝"},
{"╔ ╦ ╗","━ █ ╣","╚ ╩ ╝"},
{"╔ ╦ ╗","╠ █ ━","╚ ╩ ╝"}
};
enum Status_t
{
statusMove, //延当前方向移动
statusStop //停止时不移动，随机一个方向
};
int fireCD = 200;//开火冷却
int fireCDCount = 0;//开火冷却计时
Status_t status;//当前状态
};
7 .Bullet类
class Bullet : public Role
{
public:
enum Status_t
{
heroBullet,
enemyBullet
};
Bullet(Status_t status);
~Bullet();
void moveUp();
void moveDown();
void moveLeft();
void moveRight();
void draw();//绘制
void clearDraw();//清理绘制
void update();//周期逻辑
bool collideStaticBarrier(Point newPoint);//碰到静态障碍物
bool collideDynamicBarrier(Point newPoint);//碰到静态障碍物
bool collideHomeBarrier(Point newPoint);//碰到老家
bool collideBarrier(Point newPoint, char type);//碰到障碍物
private:
string show = "◎";
Status_t status;
};
Scene类
Scane类主要是负责游戏主逻辑。也是观察者模式的接受者，处理各种信号。
- 游戏主逻辑：主要函数run在main函数中调用
int Scene::run()
{
draw();//绘制整个游戏界面
while(isRun)
{
createEnemy();//创建敌人
keyboard();//键盘输入监听
rolesUpdate();//调用所有角色的update
collideEnemy();//英雄子弹与敌人碰撞
collideHero();//英雄与敌人子弹碰撞
gameWin();//判定胜利
Sleep(50);//每秒20帧
}
getchar();//输入任意键继续
return overFlag;
}
-
draw函数
draw函数没有在循环中调用，因为控制台打印信息很多，刷新屏幕会闪，所以采用局部刷新，每个移动物体在移动时自行刷新。 -
获得按键信息
void Scene::keyboard()
{
if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_UP)& 0x8000)
keyboardEvent(KEY_UP);
else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_DOWN)& 0x8000)
keyboardEvent(KEY_DOWN);
else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_LEFT)& 0x8000)
keyboardEvent(KEY_LEFT);
else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RIGHT)& 0x8000)
keyboardEvent(KEY_RIGHT);
else if (GetAsyncKeyState( 0x1B )& 0x8000)
exit(0);
else if (GetAsyncKeyState( 0x20 )& 0x8000)
keyboardEvent(KEY_SPACE);
}
SignalManager类
观察者模式类，用来解耦
class Receiver;
class SignalManager
{
public:
enum Signal_t
{
enemyFire, //敌人开火
heroBulletOutRange, //英雄子弹越界
enemyBulletOutRange,//敌人子弹越界
heroBulletCollideDynamicBarrier,//英雄子弹碰撞动态物体
enemyBulletCollideDynamicBarrier,//敌人子弹碰撞动态物体
bulletCollideHomeBarrier//子弹碰撞老家
};
void sendSignal(SignalManager::Signal_t signal, void* sender, void* data);
void addSignal(SignalManager::Signal_t signal, Receiver* receiver);
void removeSignal(SignalManager::Signal_t signal, Receiver* receiver);
private:
map<Signal_t, vector<Receiver*> > receivers;
void dispatch(SignalManager::Signal_t signal, void* sender, void* data);
public:
static SignalManager* getInstance();
static void releaseInstance();
private:
SignalManager();
~SignalManager();
static SignalManager* instance;
};
/*
接受者基类
*/
class Receiver
{
public:
virtual void receive(SignalManager::Signal_t signal, void* sender, void* data) = 0;
};
Utils 关卡信息和控制台window操作
- 关卡信息
//# 0静态物体，不可摧毁 @ 1动态物体，可摧毁 $2守护的老家
char map1[SCREEN_HEIGHT][SCREEN_WIDTH+1] = {
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" @1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1 ",
" 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" @1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1@1 ",
" 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" #0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0#0 ",
" 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" @1@1@1 ",
" 111111 ",
" @1$2@1 ",
" 112211 "
};
char map2[SCREEN_HEIGHT][SCREEN_WIDTH+1] = {
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" @1 @1 ",
" 11 11 ",
" @1 @1 ",
" 11 11 ",
" @1@1@1@1@1@1@1 ",
" 11111111111111 ",
" @1 @1 ",
" 11 11 ",
" @1 @1 ",
" 11 11 ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" ",
" @1@1@1 ",
" 111111 ",
" @1$2@1 ",
" 112211 "
};
char (*maps[])[SCREEN_WIDTH+1] = {map1, map2};
int level = 0;//关卡号
char(*currentMap)[SCREEN_WIDTH+1] = maps[level];
- 控制台移动光标
void goToPosition(Point pos)
{
COORD coord;
coord.X=pos.getX()*2+START_X;
coord.Y=pos.getY()+START_Y;
HANDLE a=GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleCursorPosition(a,coord);
}
void hideCursor() // 用于隐藏光标
{
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cursor_info = {1, 0}; // 第二个值为0表示隐藏光标
SetConsoleCursorInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &cursor_info);
}
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