| stringC语言中,一般使用字符数组来表示字符串 	char str[100] = "I love China";
 C++中,也可以用到string类型来表示字符串,string和字符数组之间还可以相互转换,string类型里提供了更多操作字符串的方法,string用起来会更加方便string也位于std命名空间中, 方便使用可以加: using namespace std;
 头文件:
 #include < string >
 常用方法:
 	#include <string>
	
	string s1; 
	string s2 = "I love China";  
	string s3("I love China"); 
	string s4 = s2;  
	
	int num = 6;
	string s5(num, 'a'); 
	
 string对象上的操作1.判断是否为空返回布尔类型 	string s1;
	if (s1.empty())
	{
		cout << "s1为空" << endl;
	}
 2.size()/length();返回类型/字符数量 	string s1;
	cout << s1.size() << endl;       
	cout << s1.length() << endl;   
	string s2 = "I love China";
	cout << s2.size() << endl;      
	cout << s2.length() << endl;  
	
	string s3 = "你好";
	cout << s3.size() << endl;      
	cout << s3.length() << endl;  
 3.s[n]返回s中的第n个字符, n代表位置, 从0开始, 到size()-1 	string s3 = "I love China";
	if (s3.size() > 4)
	{
		cout << s3[4] << endl;
		s3[4] = 'w';
	}
	cout << s3 << endl;
	
	
	
 4.s1+s2字符串连接 	string s1 = "abcd";
	string s2 = "hijk";
	cout << s1 + s2 << endl;  
 5.s1 = s2赋值 	string s1 = "abcd";
	string s2 = "ab";
	s1 = s2;
	cout << s1 << endl;
	
	
 6.s1 == s2判断是否相等注意:大小写敏感
 	string s1 = "ab";
	string s2 = "ab";
	if (s1 == s2)
	{
		cout << "相等" << endl;
	}
 7. s1 != s2同上反例 8. s.c_str()返回一个字符串s中的内容指针,返回是一个指向正规C字符串的常量指针, 所以是以’\0’结尾的. 	string s1 = "abc";
	
	const char* p = s1.c_str();
	char str[100];
	strcpy_s(str, sizeof(str), p);
	cout << str << endl;
 9.相加""+’’例: 	string s1 = "abc";
	string s2 = "abC";
	cout << s1 + " and " + s2 + 'D' << endl;
 10.范围forc11中范围for: 能够遍历序列中的每一个元素 	string s1 = "I love China";
	for (auto c : s1)    
	{
		cout << c;   
	}
 例2: 	string s1 = "I love China";
	for (auto &c : s1)
	{
		
		
		c = toupper(c);  
	}
	cout << s1;   
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