OpenGL学习记录分享（C++）
项目链接
项目链接：https://github.com/gaobin4216/openGL_bigWorks
如果觉得有用可以给个小小的star！
项目效果动画展示：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV17U4y1J7Lv/
一键三连也可以，谢谢了，给您拜个早年！
说明
西工大2021年春季学期《opengl计算机图形学》课程大作业，附源码和设计说明书&&附加本科时期的一次opengl的大作业，仅供参考
有什么疑惑可以多看看注释和文档,做的时候也参考了不少博客的内容
前言
课程作业，要求如下：
大作业一代码(需配置C++的freeglut库)
#include<Windows.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<gl/GL.h>
#include<gl/glut.h>
#include<gl/freeglut.h>
#include<cmath>
#define PI 3.1415926
/*全局变量*/
static int option_value = 1; //菜单值
static GLfloat move = 0.0; //平移量
static GLfloat spin = 0.0; //旋转量
static GLfloat size = 1.0; //缩放量
static double sumT_Count = 0; //平移总距离
static double sumR_Count = 0; //旋转总度数
static double sumS_Count = 1; //缩放总数
static double speedlevel = 1; //速度等级
static double LINE_or_FILL = 0; //是否填充的判断
/*绘制三角形*/
void gaobin_Triangle(void)
{
glClearColor(0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.0); //指定清除颜色，即set背景颜色
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); //清除所有的像素, 清除屏幕颜色，即将屏幕的所有像素点都还原为 “底色 ”。
/*中心点*/
glPointSize(10.0); //设置点大小，必须在glBegin和glEnd之外调用glPointSize()
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
glColor3d(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); //设置第1个点颜色
glVertex2d(0, 0); //设置第1个点位置
glEnd();
glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH); //将方形点变为圆形点
/*是否填充*/
if(LINE_or_FILL==0) glPolygonMode(GL_BACK, GL_LINE); //线框模式
else if(LINE_or_FILL==1)glPolygonMode(GL_BACK, GL_FILL); //填充模式
/*三角形*/
glLineWidth(4.0f); // 设置线的宽度
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glColor3d(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); //设置颜色
glVertex2d(0.25*cos(0), 0.25*sin(0));
glVertex2d(0.25*cos(240 * PI / 180), 0.25*sin(240 * PI / 180));
glVertex2d(0.25*cos(120 * PI / 180), 0.25*sin(120 * PI / 180));
glEnd();
//平移模块
if (move != 0)
{
sumT_Count += move * speedlevel;
if (sumT_Count <= 1)
{
glTranslatef(GLfloat(move * speedlevel), 0, 0);
}
if (sumT_Count >= 1 && sumT_Count < 3)
{
glTranslatef(GLfloat(-move * speedlevel), 0, 0);
}
if (sumT_Count >= 3 && sumT_Count < 4)
{
glTranslatef(GLfloat(move* speedlevel), 0, 0);
}
if (sumT_Count >= 4)
{
move = 0;
}
}
//旋转模块
if (spin != 0)
{
sumR_Count += spin * speedlevel;
if (sumR_Count <= 360)
{
glRotatef(GLfloat(-spin * speedlevel), 0, 0, 1);
}
if (sumR_Count > 360 && sumR_Count <= 720)
{
glRotatef(GLfloat(spin* speedlevel), 0, 0, 1);
}
if (sumR_Count > 720)
{
spin = 0;
}
}
//缩放模块
if (size != 1)
{
int times = 0;
if (speedlevel == 1)times = 15;
else if (speedlevel == 3)times = 5;
else if(speedlevel == 5)times = 3;
if (sumS_Count < times)
{
glScalef(GLfloat(pow(size,speedlevel)), GLfloat(pow(size, speedlevel)), 1);
sumS_Count +=1;
Sleep(250);
}
if (sumS_Count>=times && sumS_Count <2*times)
{
glScalef(GLfloat(pow(1/size, speedlevel)), GLfloat(pow(1/size, speedlevel)),1);
sumS_Count +=1;
Sleep(250);
}
if (sumS_Count >=2*times)
{
size = 1;
}
}
glutPostRedisplay();
glutSwapBuffers(); //强制刷新
}
/*变换菜单函数*/
void TransformMenu(int date)
{
option_value = date;
switch (option_value)
{
case 1://平移
sumT_Count = 0;
spin = 0;
size = 1;
move = 0.005f ;
break;
case 2://旋转
sumR_Count = 0;
move = 0;
size = 1;
spin = 0.5f;
break;
case 3://缩放
sumS_Count = 0;
move = 0;
spin = 0;
size = 1.08f;
break;
}
}
/*速度菜单函数*/
void VelocityMenu(int date)
{
option_value = date;
switch (option_value)
{
case 4://低速
speedlevel = 1;
break;
case 5://中速
speedlevel = 3;
break;
case 6://快速
speedlevel = 5;
break;
}
}
/*显示菜单函数*/
void DisplayMenu(int date)
{
option_value = date;
switch (option_value)
{
case 7://填充
LINE_or_FILL = 1;
break;
case 8://线框
LINE_or_FILL = 0;
break;
}
}
/*主菜单函数*/
void MianMenu(int data)
{
option_value = data;
glutPostRedisplay();
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/*初始化，创建窗口*/
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB );
glutInitWindowPosition(400, 150);
glutInitWindowSize(800,800);
glutCreateWindow("高斌_大作业1");
/*创建菜单*/
/*变换一级菜单及子菜单*/
int gaobin_TransformMenu = glutCreateMenu(TransformMenu);
glutAddMenuEntry("Translation_Animation", 1);
glutAddMenuEntry("Rotatation_Animation", 2);
glutAddMenuEntry("Proportion_Animation", 3);
/*速度一级菜单及子菜单*/
int gaobin_VelocityMenu = glutCreateMenu(VelocityMenu);
glutAddMenuEntry("Low_Speed", 4);
glutAddMenuEntry("Medium_Speed", 5);
glutAddMenuEntry("Fast_Speed", 6);
/*显示一级菜单及子菜单*/
int gaobin_DisplayMenu = glutCreateMenu(DisplayMenu);
glutAddMenuEntry("Padding", 7);
glutAddMenuEntry("Wireframe", 8);
/*主菜单*/
int gaobin_MainMenu = glutCreateMenu(MianMenu);
glutAddSubMenu("TransformMenu", gaobin_TransformMenu);
glutAddSubMenu("VelocityMenu", gaobin_VelocityMenu);
glutAddSubMenu("DisplayMenu", gaobin_DisplayMenu);
glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON);//右键弹出菜单
glutDisplayFunc(&gaobin_Triangle);
glutMainLoop(); //消息循环（处理操作系统等的消息，例如键盘、鼠标事件等）
return 0;
}
大作业二代码(需配置C++的freeglut库)
#include<Windows.h>
#include<vector>
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<sstream>
#include<gl/GL.h>
#include<gl/glut.h>
#include<gl/freeglut.h>
#include<cmath>
#define PI 3.1415926
/*灯颜色材质*/
GLfloat lightPos1[] = { 0.28f,0.23f,0.3f,1.0f }; /*第一个灯*/
GLfloat lightDirection1[] = { 0.0,-1.0,-1.0 };
GLfloat lightPos2[] = { 0.0f,0.5f,0.30f,1.0f }; /*第二个灯*/
GLfloat lightDirection2[] = { 1.0,-1.0,-1.0 };
GLfloat lightPos3[] = { -0.5f,-0.0f,0.1f,1.0f }; /*第三个灯*/
GLfloat lightDirection3[] = { 1.0,0.0,0.0 };
GLfloat specular[] = { 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f };
GLfloat specrof[] = { 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f };
GLfloat ambientLight_whole[] = { 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f };
GLfloat ambientLight[] = { 0.2f,0.2f,0.2f,1.0f };
/*旋转全局变量*/
static GLfloat xRot = 0.0f;
static GLfloat yRot = 0.0f;
static GLfloat zRot = 0.0f;
/*定义一个读取三维obj文件的类*/
class ObjLoader
{
public:
struct vertex
{
float x;
float y;
float z;
};
ObjLoader(std::string filename);//读取函数
void Draw();//绘制函数
private:
std::vector<std::vector<GLfloat>> v;//存放顶点(x,y,z)坐标
std::vector<std::vector<GLint>> f;//存放面的三个顶点索引
};
ObjLoader::ObjLoader(std::string filename)
{
std::ifstream file(filename);
std::string line;
while (getline(file, line))
{
if (line.substr(0, 1) == "v")
{
std::vector<GLfloat> Point;
GLfloat x, y, z;
std::istringstream s(line.substr(2));
s >> x;
s >> y;
s >> z;
Point.push_back(x);
Point.push_back(y);
Point.push_back(z);
v.push_back(Point);
}
else if (line.substr(0, 1) == "f")
{
std::vector<GLint> vIndexSets;
GLint u, v, w;
std::istringstream vtns(line.substr(2));
vtns >> u; vtns >> v; vtns >> w;
vIndexSets.push_back(u - 1);
vIndexSets.push_back(v - 1);
vIndexSets.push_back(w - 1);
f.push_back(vIndexSets);
}
}
file.close();
}
void ObjLoader::Draw()
{
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);//开始绘制
for (int i = 0; i < f.size(); i++)
{
vertex a, b, c; //三个顶点
if ((f[i]).size() != 3)
{
std::cout << "ERRER::THE SIZE OF f IS NOT 3!" << std::endl;
}
else {
GLint firstVertexIndex = (f[i])[0];//取出顶点索引
GLint secondVertexIndex = (f[i])[1];
GLint thirdVertexIndex = (f[i])[2];
a.x = (v[firstVertexIndex])[0];//第一个顶点
a.y = (v[firstVertexIndex])[1];
a.z = (v[firstVertexIndex])[2];
b.x = (v[secondVertexIndex])[0]; //第二个顶点
b.y = (v[secondVertexIndex])[1];
b.z = (v[secondVertexIndex])[2];
c.x = (v[thirdVertexIndex])[0]; //第三个顶点
c.y = (v[thirdVertexIndex])[1];
c.z = (v[thirdVertexIndex])[2];
/*左下角孔颜色*/
if ((a.x >= 0.03&&a.x <= 0.12&&a.y>= 0.03&&a.y<= 0.12)/*第一个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(b.x >= 0.03&&b.x <= 0.12&&b.y >= 0.03&&b.y<= 0.12)/*第二个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(c.x >= 0.03&&c.x <= 0.12&&c.y >= 0.03&&c.y <= 0.12))/*第三个顶点在孔内*/
{
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}
/*右下角孔颜色*/
else if ((a.x >= 0.43&&a.x <= 0.51&&a.y >= 0.03&&a.y <= 0.12)/*第一个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(b.x >= 0.43&&b.x <= 0.51&&b.y >= 0.03&&b.y <= 0.12)/*第二个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(c.x >= 0.43&&c.x <= 0.51&&c.y >= 0.03&&c.y <= 0.12))/*第三个顶点在孔内*/
{
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}
/*左上角孔颜色*/
else if ((a.x >= 0.065&&a.x <= 0.095&&a.y >= 0.205&&a.y <= 0.245)/*第一个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(b.x >= 0.065&&b.x <= 0.095&&b.y >= 0.205&&b.y <= 0.245)/*第二个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(c.x >= 0.065&&c.x <= 0.095&&c.y >= 0.205&&c.y <= 0.245))/*第三个顶点在孔内*/
{
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}
/*右上角孔颜色*/
else if ((a.x >= 0.455&&a.x <= 0.485&&a.y >= 0.205&&a.y <= 0.245)/*第一个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(b.x >= 0.455&&b.x <= 0.485&&b.y >= 0.205&&b.y <= 0.245)/*第二个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(c.x >= 0.455&&c.x <= 0.485&&c.y >= 0.205&&c.y <= 0.245))/*第三个顶点在孔内*/
{
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}
/*右上角孔颜色*/
else if ((a.x >= 0.455&&a.x <= 0.495&&a.y >= 0.205&&a.y <= 0.245)/*第一个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(b.x >= 0.455&&b.x <= 0.495&&b.y >= 0.205&&b.y <= 0.245)/*第二个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(c.x >= 0.455&&c.x <= 0.495&&c.y >= 0.205&&c.y <= 0.245))/*第三个顶点在孔内*/
{
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}
/*中间圆槽颜色*/
else if ((a.x >= 0.25&&a.x <= 0.30&&a.z >= 0.1&&a.z<= 0.3)/*第一个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(b.x >= 0.25&&b.x <= 0.30&&b.z >= 0.1 && b.z <= 0.3)/*第二个顶点在孔内*/
&&
(c.x >= 0.25&&c.x <= 0.30&&c.z >= 0.1 && c.z <= 0.3))/*第三个顶点在孔内*/
{
glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
}
/*剩余颜色*/
else glColor3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glVertex3f(a.x*1.5, a.y*1.5, -a.z*1.5);//绘制三角面
glVertex3f(b.x*1.5, b.y*1.5, -b.z*1.5);
glVertex3f(c.x*1.5, c.y*1.5, -c.z*1.5);
}
}
glEnd();
}
ObjLoader monkey = ObjLoader("openglOBJ.obj");
void gaobin_Object(void)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); //清除所有的像素, 清除屏幕颜色，即将屏幕的所有像素点都还原为 “底色 ”。
/*背景*/
glBegin(GL_POLYGON); //多边形
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.84f, 0.84f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.6f); //左下
glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f,0.6f); //右下
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.76f, 0.45f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.6f); //右上
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.6f); //左上
glEnd();
/*模型变换和视图变换*/
glLoadIdentity();
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glPushMatrix(); //保证每一次操作的对象只限定于物体这个矩阵
/*分别绕x,y,z旋转*/
glRotatef(xRot, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glRotatef(yRot, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glRotatef(zRot, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
/*绘制物体*/
monkey.Draw();
glPopMatrix(); //保证每一次操作的对象只限定于物体这个矩阵
glutPostRedisplay();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
/*普通按键*/
void KeyboardKeys(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{
if (key == 32)
zRot -= 5.0f;
}
/*特殊按键*/
void SpecialKeys(int key, int x, int y)
{
if (key == GLUT_KEY_UP)
xRot -= 5.0f;
if (key == GLUT_KEY_DOWN)
xRot += 5.0f;
if (key == GLUT_KEY_LEFT)
yRot += 5.0f;
if (key == GLUT_KEY_RIGHT)
yRot -= 5.0f;
if (key == GLUT_KEY_F5)
zRot += 5.0f;
glutPostRedisplay();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void SetupRC(void)
{
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); //当前像素前面是否有别的像素，如果别的像素挡道了它，那它就不会绘制
/*环境光*/
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); //开灯
glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, ambientLight_whole); //全局环境光，提供轻微的环境光，以便可以看到物体；整个场景的环境光的RGBA的强度
/*1号灯*/
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, ambientLight); //光源中的散射光强度（光仅由漫反射和镜面反射组成）
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, specular); //光源中的镜面反射光强度
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightPos1); //指定光源位置
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, lightDirection1); // 聚光灯主轴方向 spot direction
glLightf(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPOT_CUTOFF,180.0f); //指定光源的最大散布角 （创建聚光灯，v表示参数是向量（数组））
glLightf(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPOT_EXPONENT,500.0f); //指定聚焦光源指数
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); //启动0号光源
/*2号灯*/
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE, ambientLight); //光源中的散射光强度（光仅由漫反射和镜面反射组成）
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_SPECULAR, specular); //光源中的镜面反射光强度
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, lightPos2); //指定光源位置
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, lightDirection2); // 聚光灯主轴方向 spot direction
glLightf(GL_LIGHT1, GL_SPOT_CUTOFF, 180.0f); //指定光源的最大散布角 （创建聚光灯，v表示参数是向量（数组））
glLightf(GL_LIGHT1, GL_SPOT_EXPONENT, 500.0f); //指定聚焦光源指数
glEnable(GL_LIGHT1); //启动1号光源
/*3号灯*/
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT2, GL_DIFFUSE, ambientLight); //光源中的散射光强度（光仅由漫反射和镜面反射组成）
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT2, GL_SPECULAR, specular); //光源中的镜面反射光强度
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT2, GL_POSITION, lightPos3); //指定光源位置
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT2, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, lightDirection3); // 聚光灯主轴方向 spot direction
glLightf(GL_LIGHT2, GL_SPOT_CUTOFF, 60.0f); //指定光源的最大散布角 （创建聚光灯，v表示参数是向量（数组））
glLightf(GL_LIGHT2, GL_SPOT_EXPONENT, 500.0f); //指定聚焦光源指数
glEnable(GL_LIGHT2); //启动2号光源
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); //使用颜色材质，颜色追踪。激活光照的情况下用glColor函数给物体上色
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE); //来决定对物体的正面还是反面，对环境光、镜面光还是漫射光进行颜色跟踪
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, specrof); //材质的镜面反射颜色
glMateriali(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 128); //镜面反射指数
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
}
/*主函数*/
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/*初始化，创建窗口*/
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowPosition(400, 150);
glutInitWindowSize(800, 800);
glutCreateWindow("高斌_大作业2");
/*键盘命令*/
glutSpecialFunc(SpecialKeys);
glutKeyboardFunc(KeyboardKeys);
/*调用绘制*/
SetupRC();
glutDisplayFunc(&gaobin_Object);
glutMainLoop(); //消息循环（处理操作系统等的消息，例如键盘、鼠标事件等）
return 0;
}