基本内容
本文用c++实现矩阵基本操作 一、构造函数 CMatrix(): 不带参数的构造函数; CMatrix(int nRow, int nCol, double *pData=NULL) : 带行、列及数据指针等参数的构造函数,并且参数带默认值; CMatrix(const char * strPath): 带文件路径参数的构造函数; CMatrix(const CMatrix& m): 拷贝构造函数 此外会用列表初始化成员变量:CMatrix(): m_nRow(0), m_nCol(0), m_pData(NULL); bool Create(int nRow, int nCol, double *pData=NULL): 先删除原有空间,根据传入行列创建空间,如果pData不为空要将pData的内容拷贝到m_pData中。 二、析构函数 ~CMatrix(): 调用Release(); Release(): 将内存释放,并将行列设置为0; 三、运算符重载 算术运算符重载:+, -, +=, -= 关系运算符重载:>, <, == 下标操作符:[], () 强制类型转换: double 赋值运算符:=,尤其注意当m1=m1特殊情况的处理 四、友元函数 输入和输出运输符:<<, >> 五、作业提交方式 写完请发表博客,上传博客链接
代码实现
该矩阵的声明CMatrix.h
#ifndef CMATRIX_H
#define CMATRIX_H
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class CMatrix
{
public:
CMatrix();
CMatrix(int nRow, int nCol, double* pData = NULL);
CMatrix(const CMatrix& m);
CMatrix(const char* strPath);
~CMatrix();
bool Create(int nRow, int nCol, double* pData = NULL);
void Set(int nRow, int nCol, double dVale);
void Release();
friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, CMatrix& m);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const CMatrix& m);
CMatrix& operator=(const CMatrix& m);
CMatrix& operator+=(const CMatrix& m);
double& operator[](int nIndex);
double& operator()(int nRow, int nCol);
bool operator ==(const CMatrix& m);
bool operator !=(const CMatrix& m);
operator double();
private:
int m_nRow;
int m_nCol;
double* m_pData;
};
CMatrix operator+(const CMatrix& m1, const CMatrix& m2);
inline void CMatrix::Set(int nRow, int nCol, double dVal)
{
m_pData[nRow * m_nCol + nCol] = dVal;
}
#endif
矩阵实现 CMatrix.cpp
#include "CMatrix.h"
#include <fstream>
#include <assert.h>
CMatrix::CMatrix() : m_nRow(0), m_nCol(0), m_pData(0)
{
}
CMatrix::CMatrix(int nRow, int nCol, double* pData) : m_pData(0)
{
Create(nRow, nCol, pData);
}
CMatrix::CMatrix(const CMatrix& m) : m_pData(0)
{
*this = m;
}
CMatrix::CMatrix(const char* strPath)
{
m_pData = 0;
m_nRow = m_nCol = 0;
ifstream cin(strPath);
cin >> *this;
}
CMatrix::~CMatrix()
{
Release();
}
bool CMatrix::Create(int nRow, int nCol, double* pData)
{
Release();
m_pData = new double[nRow * nCol];
m_nRow = nRow;
m_nCol = nCol;
if (pData)
{
memcpy(m_pData, pData, nRow * nCol * sizeof(double));
return true;
}
return false;
}
void CMatrix::Release()
{
if (m_pData)
{
delete[]m_pData;
m_pData = NULL;
}
m_nRow = m_nCol = 0;
}
CMatrix& CMatrix::operator=(const CMatrix& m)
{
if (this != &m) {
Create(m.m_nRow, m.m_nCol, m.m_pData);
}
return *this;
}
CMatrix& CMatrix::operator+=(const CMatrix& m)
{
assert(m_nRow == m.m_nRow && m_nCol == m.m_nCol);
for (int i = 0; i < m_nRow * m_nCol; i++)
{
m_pData[i] += m.m_pData[i];
}
return *this;
}
CMatrix operator+(const CMatrix& m1, const CMatrix& m2)
{
CMatrix m3(m1);
m3 += m2;
return m3;
}
double& CMatrix::operator[](int nIndex)
{
assert(nIndex < m_nRow * m_nCol);
return m_pData[nIndex];
}
double& CMatrix::operator()(int nRow, int nCol)
{
assert(nRow * m_nCol + nCol < m_nRow * m_nCol);
return m_pData[nRow * m_nCol + nCol];
}
bool CMatrix::operator == (const CMatrix& m)
{
if (!(m_nRow == m.m_nRow && m_nCol == m.m_nCol))
{
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < m_nRow * m_nCol; i++)
{
if (m_pData[i] != m.m_pData[i])
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
bool CMatrix::operator !=(const CMatrix& m)
{
return !((*this) == m);
}
CMatrix::operator double()
{
double dS = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < m_nRow * m_nCol; i++)
{
dS += m_pData[i];
}
return dS;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& is, CMatrix& m)
{
is >> m.m_nRow >> m.m_nCol;
m.Create(m.m_nRow, m.m_nCol);
for (int i = 0; i < m.m_nRow * m.m_nCol; i++)
{
is >> m.m_pData[i];
}
return is;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const CMatrix& m)
{
os << m.m_nRow << " " << m.m_nCol << endl;
double* pData = m.m_pData;
for (int i = 0; i < m.m_nRow; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < m.m_nCol; j++)
{
os << *pData++ << " ";
}
os << endl;
}
return os;
}
主函数矩阵的简单操作示例
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "CMatrix.h"
#include <direct.h>
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
double pData[10] = { 2,3,4,5 };
CMatrix m1, m2(2, 5, pData), m3("1.txt"), m4(m2);
cout << "输入矩阵行 列 数值:" << endl;
cin >> m1;
m2.Set(1, 3, 10);
cout <<"m1="<< m1 <<"\nm2="<< m2 <<"\nm3="<< m3 <<"\nm4="<< m4;
m4 = m3;
m4[2] = m4 + 1;
if (m4 == m3)
{
cout << "Error !" << endl;
}
m4 += m3;
cout << "\nm4(after deal)=" << m4 << endl;
cout << "sum of m4(after deal) = " << (double)m4 << endl;
return 0;
}
运行演示
reference
代码大多为老师课上代码,因为仅涉及c++的基本操作,且觉得没多少可以增加的,于是对代码加了部分觉得比较有用的注释。
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