[C++知识库]C++ 初学者练习项目：通讯录管理系统

需求:
1.添加联系人：向通讯录中添加新人，包括姓名、性别、年龄、联系电话、家庭住址，最多纪录1000人
2.显示联系人：显示已保存的全部联系人
3.删除联系人：按照姓名可以删除指定联系人
4.查找联系人：按照姓名查看指定联系人的全部信息
5.修改联系人：按照姓名修改联系人的信息
6.清空联系人：清空通讯录中所有的联系人信息
7.退出通讯录：推出当前使用的通讯录

练习内容：

函数的定义和调用、数组、地址传递和值传递、基本判断和循环

代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000
using namespace std;


//显示菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
	cout << "************************" << endl;
	cout << "***** 1.添加联系人 *****" << endl;
	cout << "***** 2.显示联系人 *****" << endl;
	cout << "***** 3.删除联系人 *****" << endl;
	cout << "***** 4.查找联系人 *****" << endl;
	cout << "***** 5.修改联系人 *****" << endl;
	cout << "***** 6.清空联系人 *****" << endl;
	cout << "***** 0.退出通讯录 *****" << endl;
	cout << "************************" << endl;
}

//设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
	string m_Name;	//姓名
	int m_Sex;		//性别
	int m_Age;		//年龄
	string m_Phone;	//电话号码
	string m_Addr;	//家庭住址
};
//设计通讯录结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
	//通讯录中保存的联系人的数组
	struct Person personArry[ MAX ];

	//通讯录中当前联系人个数
	int m_Size;
};

//添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	//判断通讯录是否已满
	if (abs->m_Size == MAX)
	{
		cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		//添加具体联系人
		//姓名
		string name;
		cout << "请输入姓名： " << endl;
		cin >> name;
		abs->personArry[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
		//性别
		int sex;
		cout << "请输入性别： " << endl;
		cout << "1--男" << endl << "2--女" << endl;
		while (true)
		{
			cin >> sex;
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
			{
				abs->personArry[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
			}
		}

		//年龄
		int age;
		cout << "请输入年龄：" << endl;
		while (true)
		{
			cin >> age;
			if (age > 0)
			{
				abs->personArry[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
				continue;
			}
		}

		//电话号码
		string phone;
		cout << "请输入联系电话：" << endl;
		cin >> phone;
		abs->personArry[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = phone;


		//家庭住址
		string address;
		cout << "请输入家庭住址：" << endl;
		cin >> address;
		abs->personArry[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address;

		//更新通讯录人数
		abs->m_Size++;
		system("cls");
		//cout << "****************" << endl;
		cout << "添加成功" << endl;
		//cout << "****************" << endl;
		system("pause"); //请按任意键继续
		system("cls"); //清屏
	}

}
//显示联系人
void showPreson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
	system("cls");
	if (abs->m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "当前无联系人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
		{
			cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArry[i].m_Name << "\t";
			cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArry[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
			cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArry[i].m_Age << "\t";
			cout << "电话：" << abs->personArry[i].m_Phone << "\t";
			cout << "住址：" << abs->personArry[i].m_Addr << "\t";
			cout << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	
}
//检测联系人是否存在
int findPerson(Addressbooks* abs, string name)
{
//存在返回联系人下标，不存在返回-1
	for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
	{
		if (abs->personArry[i].m_Name == name)
		{
			return i;
		}
		
	}
	return -1;
}
//删除联系人
void delPerson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
	cout << "请输入要删除的联系人：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;
	int ret = findPerson(abs, name);
	if (ret == -1)
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "找到此人" << endl;
		//showPreson(abs);
		cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Name << "\t";
		cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArry[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "电话：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
		cout << "住址：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Addr << "\t";
		cout << endl;
		cout << "确认要删除吗？" << endl;
		int check = 0;
		cout << "1--确认" << endl;
		cout << "2--取消" << endl;
		cin >> check;
		if (check != 1)
		{
			system("cls");
		}
		else if (check == 1)
		{
			for (int j = ret; j < abs->m_Size; j++)
			{
				//数据前移
				abs->personArry[j] = abs->personArry[j + 1];
			}
			abs->m_Size--; //更新通讯录中的人数
			system("cls");
			cout << "删除成功" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
		}
	}
}
//查找联系人
void seekPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入要查找的联系人: " << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;
	system("cls");
	//判断输入的联系人是否存在
	int ret =findPerson(abs, name);
	if (ret == -1)
	{
		
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "找到此人" << endl;
		cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Name << "\t";
		cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArry[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "电话：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
		cout << "住址：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Addr << "\t";
		cout << endl;
		
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
//修改联系人
void modifyPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "请输入要修改的联系人：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;
	system("cls");
	//判断输入的联系人是否存在
	int ret = findPerson(abs, name);
	if (ret == -1)
	{

		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "找到此人" << endl;
		cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Name << "\t";
		cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArry[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "电话：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
		cout << "住址：" << abs->personArry[ret].m_Addr << "\t";
		cout << endl;
		cout << "请选择要修改的项目：" << endl;
		cout << "1--姓名" << endl << "2--性别" << endl << "3--年龄" << endl
			<< "4--电话" << endl << "5--住址" << endl;
		int select = 0;
		cin >> select;
		switch (select)
		{
		case 1: //修改姓名
		{
			string name;
			//string name;
			cout << "请输入姓名： " << endl;
			cin >> name;
			abs->personArry[ret].m_Name = name;
			system("cls");
			cout << "修改成功" << endl;
		}
		break;
		case 2:
		{
			int sex;
			cout << "请输入性别： " << endl;
			cout << "1--男" << endl << "2--女" << endl;
			while (true)
			{
				cin >> sex;
				if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
				{
					abs->personArry[ret].m_Sex = sex;
					break;
				}
				else
				{
					cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
				}
			}
			system("cls");
			cout << "修改成功" << endl;
		}
		break;
		case 3:
		{
			int age;
			cout << "请输入年龄：" << endl;
			while (true)
			{
				cin >> age;
				if (age > 0)
				{
					abs->personArry[ret].m_Age = age;
					break;
				}
				else
				{
					cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
					continue;
				}
			}
			system("cls");
			cout << "修改成功" << endl;
		}
		break;
		case 4:
		{
			string phone;
			cout << "请输入联系电话：" << endl;
			cin >> phone;
			abs->personArry[ret].m_Phone = phone;
			system("cls");
			cout << "修改成功" << endl;
		}
		break;

		case 5:
		{
			string address;
			cout << "请输入家庭住址：" << endl;
			cin >> address;
			abs->personArry[ret].m_Addr = address;
			system("cls");
			cout << "修改成功" << endl;
		}
		break;
		}
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
}

//清空联系人
void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
	cout << "确认要删除所有联系人吗？" << endl;
	int select = 0;
	cout << "1--确认" << endl << "2--取消" << endl;
	cin >> select;
	if (select != 1)
	{
		system("cls");
	}
	else
	{
		system("cls");
		abs->m_Size = 0;
		cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
	
}



int main()
{

	//创建一个通讯录结构体变量
	Addressbooks abs;
	abs.m_Size = 0;
	int select = 0; //创建用户输入的变量
	while (true)
	{
		showMenu();

		cin >> select;
		switch (select)
		{
		case 1:		//添加联系人
			addPerson(&abs);	//使用地址传递，可以修饰实参
			break;
		case 2:		//显示联系人		
			showPreson(&abs);			
			break;
		case 3:		//删除联系人		
			delPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 4:		//查找联系人
			seekPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 5:		//修改联系人
			modifyPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 6:		//清空联系人
			cleanPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 0:		//退出通讯录
			system("cls");
			cout << "欢迎下次使用 :-)" << endl;
			system("pause");
			return 0;
			break;

		}
	}
	//菜单调用
	
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}