最近在QT平台上进行OpenGL的开发学习，再按照网上教程学习的过程中，常常出现网上代码中的函数无法使用的情况，因为使用的是QT自带的OpenGL库，而网上的教程大多是在VS平台上基于GLFW+GLEW或是GLFW+GLAD。当然，因为是初学，不确定是否有其他替换函数来实现的方法。
为了减少麻烦，索性尝试在QT平台配置GLFW+GLEW来学习OpenGL。以下是配置的流程，做一下记录，以防忘记。
一.创建QT工程
这里记得选择64位
二.下载GLFW
从 https://www.glfw.org/download.html上根据自己电脑的版本号下载对应的GLFW压缩包。这里我选择下载64位的压缩包
下载下来后需要下图中标出的两个文件夹
我在工程目录中创建了名为 OpenGLEnvironment的文件夹 并在里面分别创建了glfw文件夹 glew文件夹 用来存放需要的配置文件
将刚刚下载的GLFW文件夹中的 include 文件夹 以及 lib-mingw-w64 文件夹放入OpenGLEnvironment文件夹的glfw文件夹内 如下图所示
三.下载GLEW
从网站 http://glew.sourceforge.net/中下载所需的GLEW压缩包
将下载下来的GLEW文件夹内的内容，全部放入OpenGLEnvironment文件夹的glew文件夹中 如下图所示
四.QT配置
将刚刚include 文件夹内 以及 lib文件夹内的内容 加入进库中
glfw文件夹内 选择libglfw3dll.a 选择 动态链接
记得将 “为debug版本添加‘d’作为后缀”选项的勾去掉
包含路径选择 include文件夹所在路径
glew 也是外部库 选择glew32s.lib 不过这次选择静态库
包含路径选择 include文件夹所在路径
同样将 “为debug版本添加‘d’作为后缀”选项的勾去掉
最后对 工程的 pro 文件做修改
添加 LIBS += -lopengl32 -luser32
DEFINES += GLEW_STATIC
删除
最后应该如下图所示
五.添加工程文件
创建新的类 我这里取为QPaintingWidget
h文件修改为
#ifndef QPAINTINGWIDGET_H
#define QPAINTINGWIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <QOpenGLWidget>
class QPaintingWidget : public QOpenGLWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit QPaintingWidget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~QPaintingWidget();
signals:
protected:
void initializeGL() override;
void paintGL() override;
void resizeGL(int w, int h) override;
private:
unsigned int shaderProgram ;
unsigned int VBO, VAO;
};
#endif // QPAINTINGWIDGET_H
注意将#include <GL/glew.h> 放在#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>前面
cpp 文件修改为
#include "qpaintingwidget.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;
const char *vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n"
"}\0";
const char *fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 FragColor;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
" FragColor = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n"
"}\n\0";
QPaintingWidget::QPaintingWidget(QWidget *parent) : QOpenGLWidget(parent)
{
}
QPaintingWidget::~QPaintingWidget()
{
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);
glDeleteProgram(shaderProgram);
}
void QPaintingWidget::initializeGL() {
glfwInit();
glewInit();
// build and compile our shader program
// ------------------------------------
// vertex shader
unsigned int vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(vertexShader);
// check for shader compile errors
int success;
char infoLog[512];
glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if (!success)
{
glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
// fragment shader
unsigned int fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(fragmentShader);
// check for shader compile errors
glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if (!success)
{
glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
// link shaders
shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);
// check for linking errors
glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
if (!success) {
glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
// set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and configure vertex attributes
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
float vertices[] = {
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // left
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // right
0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f // top
};
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
// bind the Vertex Array Object first, then bind and set vertex buffer(s), and then configure vertex attributes(s).
glBindVertexArray(VAO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
// note that this is allowed, the call to glVertexAttribPointer registered VBO as the vertex attribute's bound vertex buffer object so afterwards we can safely unbind
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
// You can unbind the VAO afterwards so other VAO calls won't accidentally modify this VAO, but this rarely happens. Modifying other
// VAOs requires a call to glBindVertexArray anyways so we generally don't unbind VAOs (nor VBOs) when it's not directly necessary.
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
void QPaintingWidget::paintGL() {
glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
// draw our first triangle
glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
glBindVertexArray(VAO); // seeing as we only have a single VAO there's no need to bind it every time, but we'll do so to keep things a bit more organized
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
}
void QPaintingWidget::resizeGL(int w, int h) {
}
widget.h 修改为
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include "qpaintingwidget.h"
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class Widget : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~Widget();
private:
Ui::Widget *ui;
QPaintingWidget *m_painting;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H
widget.cpp修改为
#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QDebug>
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
: QWidget(parent)
, ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
resize(800,800);
m_painting=new QPaintingWidget(this);
m_painting->resize(800,800);
}
Widget::~Widget()
{
delete ui;
}
最后贴一张结果图
