[C++知识库]三子棋游戏（C语言）

问题描述

C语言实现三子棋问题

• 构造棋盘，进行三子棋游戏
• 玩家下棋
• 电脑随机下棋
• 判断输赢
  

步骤概述

• 打印菜单 是否进入游戏
• 初始化棋盘
• 玩家下棋
• 电脑下棋
• 判断输赢
• 继续下棋？赢？输？平局？

具体代码

代码组成

• test.c 测试三子棋
• game.h 游戏的函数声明
• game.c 游戏函数的实现

代码内容

菜单打印

//菜单
void menu()
{
	printf("*************************\n");
	printf("*******   1.play  *******\n");
	printf("*******   0.exit  *******\n");
	printf("*************************\n");
}
//主函数
int main()
{
	int input = 0;
	//循环 选择1.进入游戏 0.退出游戏 打印错误重新输入 
	do
	{
		menu();
		printf("请选择:>");
		scanf("%d", &input);
		switch (input)
		{
		case 1:
			game();//进入游戏
			break;
		case 0:
			printf("退出游戏\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf("输入错误，请重新选择！\n");
			break;
		}
	} while (input);
//do-while 起码循环1次
	return 0;
}

初始化棋盘

利用宏定义 #define ROW 3 #define COL 3
推高代码可读性，用ROW代替行数，COL代替列数
方便后期修改棋盘布局（若想扩大棋盘 比如改为10*10的棋盘 直接将宏定义中的数字更改掉即可）

#include <stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>

#define ROW 3
#define COL 3

//初始化棋盘
void init_Board(char board, int row,  int col);

#include"game.h"
//在game()函数内调用 game.c内的函数 注意包含头文件

void game()
{
	char ret = 0;
	//数据的存储需要一个3*3的二维数组
	char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
	init_board(board,ROW,COL);//初始化棋盘
}

//game.c
//初始化棋盘 置为空
void init_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	for ( i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for ( j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			board[i][j] = ' ';
		}
	}
}

打印棋盘

//打印棋盘
void display_Board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	for ( i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for ( j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
			if (j<col-1)
			{
				printf("|");
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
		if (i<row-1)
		{
			for ( j = 0; j < col; j++)
			{
				printf("---");
				if (j<col-1)
				{
					printf("|");
				}
			}
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
}

玩家下棋

void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int x = 0, y = 0;
	do
	{
		printf("请输入你要下棋的位置:>");
		scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
		if (x >= 1 && x <= ROW && y >= 1 && y <= COL)//判断坐标是否合法
		{
		//x-1 y-1 (玩家下棋位置实际是输入-1)
			if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')//坐标是否被占用
			{
				board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
				display_Board(board, ROW, COL);
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				printf("该坐标被占用");
			}
		}
		printf("输入坐标不合法，请重新输入:>\n");
	} while (1);
	
}

void game()
{
	char ret = 0;
	//数据的存储需要一个3*3的二维数组
	char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
	init_board(board,ROW,COL);//初始化棋盘
	display_board(board, ROW, COL);
	player_move(board, ROW, COL);
	display_board(board, ROW, COL);
}

电脑下棋

	//将时间作为随机数种子
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));

//注意包含头文件
#include<time.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

//电脑走棋
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	printf("电脑下棋:>\n");
	do
	{
		int x = rand() % row + 1;
		int y = rand() % row + 1;
		if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
		{
			board[x - 1][y - 1] = '#';
			display_Board(board, ROW, COL);
			break;
		}
	} while (1);
}

判断输赢平局或者棋盘未满继续下棋

//判断棋盘是否已满 
//满-->未赢-->平局
//未满-->继续下棋
int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			if (board[i][j]==' ')
			{
				return 0;
			}
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

//判断棋局
//玩家赢 - '*'
//电脑赢 - '#'
//平局   - 'Q'
//游戏继续 -'C'
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int ret = is_full(board, ROW, COL);
	for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i]&&board[0][i]!=' ')
		{
			return board[1][i];
		}
		else if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][1] != ' ')
		{
			return board[i][1];
		}
		else if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[0][0] != ' ')
		{
			return board[0][0];
		}
		else if (board[2][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[0][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
		{
			return board[0][0];
		}
		else
		{
			if (ret == 1)
			{
				return 'Q';
			}
			else
			{
				return 'C';
			}
		}
	}	
}

//game函数内打印结果
void game()
{
	char ret = 0;
	//数据的存储需要一个3*3的二维数组
	char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
	init_board(board,ROW,COL);//初始化棋盘
	display_board(board, ROW, COL);
	//玩游戏 循环走棋 判断输赢
	while (1)
	{
		player_move(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;

		display_board(board, ROW, COL);
		computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;

		display_board(board, ROW, COL);
	}
	if (ret == '*')
	{
		printf("玩家赢\n");
	}
	else if (ret == '#')
	{
		printf("电脑赢\n");
	}
	else if (ret == 'Q')
	{
		printf("平局\n");
	}
	display_board(board, ROW, COL);
}

代码总结

//game.h
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>

#define ROW 3
#define COL 3

//初始化棋盘
void init_Board(char board, int row,  int col);

//打印棋盘
void display_Board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//玩家走棋
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//电脑走棋
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//判断棋局
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

//game.c
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1

#include "game.h"

//初始化棋盘
void init_Board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	for ( i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for ( j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			board[i][j] = ' ';
		}
	}
}

void display_Board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	for ( i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for ( j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
			if (j<col-1)
			{
				printf("|");
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
		if (i<row-1)
		{
			for ( j = 0; j < col; j++)
			{
				printf("---");
				if (j<col-1)
				{
					printf("|");
				}
			}
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
}

void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int x = 0, y = 0;
	do
	{
		printf("请输入你要下棋的位置:>");
		scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
		if (x >= 1 && x <= ROW && y >= 1 && y <= COL)
		{
			if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
			{
				board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
				display_Board(board, ROW, COL);
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				printf("该坐标被占用");
			}
		}
		printf("输入坐标不合法，请重新输入:>\n");
	} while (1);
	
}

//电脑走棋
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	printf("电脑下棋:>\n");
	do
	{
		int x = rand() % row + 1;
		int y = rand() % row + 1;
		if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
		{
			board[x - 1][y - 1] = '#';
			display_Board(board, ROW, COL);
			break;
		}
	} while (1);
}

//判断棋盘是否已满
int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			if (board[i][j]==' ')
			{
				return 0;
			}
		}
	}
	return 1;
}


//判断棋局
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int ret = is_full(board, ROW, COL);
	for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i]&&board[0][i]!=' ')
		{
			return board[1][i];
		}
		else if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][1] != ' ')
		{
			return board[i][1];
		}
		else if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[0][0] != ' ')
		{
			return board[0][0];
		}
		else if (board[2][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[0][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
		{
			return board[0][0];
		}
		else
		{
			if (ret == 1)
			{
				return 'Q';
			}
			else
			{
				return 'C';
			}
		}
	}	
}

//test.c
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1

#include"game.h"

void menu()
{
	printf("**************************\n");
	printf("*******   1.play   *******\n");
	printf("*******   0.exit   *******\n");
	printf("**************************\n");
}


void game()
{
	char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
	char ret= 0;
	init_Board(board,ROW,COL);
	display_Board(board,ROW,COL);
	while(1)
	{
		player_move(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;

		display_Board(board, ROW, COL);
		computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
		ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'C')
			break;
		display_Board(board, ROW, COL);

	} 
	if (ret == '*')
	{
		printf("玩家赢\n");
	}
	else if (ret == '#')
	{
		printf("电脑赢\n");
	}
	else if (ret == 'Q')
	{
		printf("平局\n");
	}
	display_Board(board, ROW, COL);
}


int main()
{
	int input = 0;
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	do
	{
		menu();
		scanf("%d", &input);
		switch (input)
		{
		case 1:
			printf("进入游戏\n");
			game();
			break;
		case 0:
			printf("退出游戏\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf("输入有误，请重新输入\n");
			break;
		}
	} while (input);


}