[Java知识库]SSM项目整合-完整流程一览

一：前期准备

1. 创建数据库

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books`  (
  `bookID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
  `bookName` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
  `bookCounts` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
  `detail` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
  INDEX `bookID`(`bookID`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8;

INSERT INTO `books` VALUES (1, 'Java', 11, '从入门到放弃');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES (2, 'MySQL', 10, '从删库到跑路');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES (3, 'Linux', 5, '从进门到进牢');

2. 创建maven项目，添加web支持，导入相关依赖（根据自己项目需求进行增删

<!--依赖问题：Junit，数据库驱动，连接池，servlet，jsp，mybatis，mybatis-spring，spring-->
<dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--junit单元测试-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--mysql驱动-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.46</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--偷懒专用，可以省去写getset等方法，前提是ide必须安装lombok插件-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.20</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>


    <!--父工程所需要依赖-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/jsp-api -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1-b03</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.7</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.8</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

3. maven配置静态资源过滤

<!--静态资源导出问题-->
<!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的原因-->
<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

二：Mybatis层

1. 编写db.properties文件，存放数据库连接信息

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用的是Mysql8.0以上，就得加上时区设置
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=chelsea
jdbc.password=********

2. 编写Mybatis-config.xml文件

• 由于最后要和Spring整合，一切基于bean的思想，所以数据源没在这块配置，放入了spring配置文件。下面的这些配置一般也可以放在spring文件中进行属性设置，但项目一般八setting和别名和映射放入原配置文件中，结构更清晰。
• 注：此处日志使用log4j，对于此方式可参考
  Mybatis-02-日志，注解和分页，多对一，一对多，缓存
  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.chelsea.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/chelsea/mapper/BookMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

3. 编写实体类（省略）

4. 编写Mapper接口和xml文件（xml记得在mybatis-config.xml文件中进行映射）

public interface BookMapper {

    /*增加一本书*/
    int addBook(Books books);

    /*删除一本书*/
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int bookID);

    /*修改一本书*/
    int updateBook(Books books);

    /*查询一本书*/
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    /*查询所有书*/
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

    /*查询书籍*/
    List<Books> queryBooks(@Param("queryInfo") String queryInfo);
}

<!--namespace:绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.chelsea.mapper.BookMapper">

     <!--增加一本书-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into books (bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail})
    </insert>

    <!--删除一本书-->
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int">
        delete from books where bookID = #{bookID}
    </delete>

    <!--修改一本书-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update books set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail} where bookID = #{bookID}
    </update>

    <!--查询一本书-->
    <select id="queryBookById" parameterType="_int" resultType="Books">
        select * from books where bookID = #{bookID}
    </select>

    <!--查询所有书籍-->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from books
    </select>

    <!--查询书籍信息-->
    <select id="queryBooks" resultType="Books" parameterType="String">
        select * from books where bookName like "%"#{queryInfo}"%"
    </select>

</mapper>

5. 编写Service层

• service层是控制层需要调用的服务，其实就是根据业务需求封装一下dao层，示例如下：（Service层接口在这省略）

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

    /*service层要调用mapper层，所以要组合进来*/
    private BookMapper bookMapper;
	//set方法为了自动注入
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBookById(int bookID) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(bookID);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryBooks(String queryInfo) {
        return bookMapper.queryBooks(queryInfo);
    }

}

三：Spring整合Mybatis

1. 以Spring bean的方式写Mybatis配置

• 此处数据源使用c3p0（记得导入相关依赖）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1:关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <!--2：连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!--最大最小连接池-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!--是否设置自动commit-->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!--设置连接超时时间-->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!--当获取连接失败时重试次数-->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3:sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4:配置dao接口扫描包,动态实现dao接口可以注入到spring容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入sqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--要扫描的mapper包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.chelsea.mapper"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

2. spring整合service层（就是将类配置为bean，并且属性自动配置）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--1:扫描service下的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.chelsea.service"/>

    <!--2:将所有的业务类,注入到Spring,可以通过配置或者注解实现-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.chelsea.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <!--对于service层的属性动态注入,可以使用@Autowired注解代替-->
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3:生命式事务配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4:aop切面支持-->

    <!--结合aop实现事务织入-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--给那些方法添加事务-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--配置事务切入-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.chelsea.service.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

四：Spring整合SpringMVC

1. 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet等

<!--1:配置DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!--这里不使用spring-mvc.xml文件,是因为mvc配置文件中没有配置各种bean,会报空指针异常-->
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--与项目一起启动-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!--2:配置乱码过滤器-->
<filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<!--默认Session过期时间-->
<session-config>
    <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>

2. 编写spring-mvc.xml配置文件

• 常规操作

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--开启注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--配置扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.chelsea.controller"/>

    <!--配置静态资源过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

</beans>

3. 编写一个总的spring文件（applicationContext.xml），将前面的所有spring文件整合起来

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-mapper.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>

</beans>

4. 至此整合完毕

五：编写Controller

• 只展示部分功能作为示例即可，完整代码可访问gitee

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    /*查询全部书籍并且返回到展示页面*/
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> booksList = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("bookList",booksList);
        return "allBook";
    }

    /*跳转到增加书籍页面*/
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddBook(){
        return "addBook";
    }

    /*添加书籍的请求*/
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addBook",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String addBook(Books books){
        System.out.println(books);
        bookService.addBook(books);
        /*重定向到allBook*/
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    /*跳转到修改页面*/
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdate")
    public String toUpdate(@Param("id") int id, Model model){
        System.out.println("update id is : "+id);
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        model.addAttribute("books",books);
        return "updateBook";
    }

    /*修改数据*/
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Books books){
        System.out.println("修改书籍:"+books);
        bookService.updateBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    /*删除数据*/
    @RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{bookID}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id){
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    /*查询书籍,使用like语句进行模糊查询,如果为空则会返回所有数据*/
    @RequestMapping("/queryBook")
    public String queryBook(String queryInfo,Model model){
        /*如果为空会默认显示全部数据*/
        List<Books> queryList = bookService.queryBooks(queryInfo);
        //未查到信息:这种情况不存在
        if(queryList.size()==0){
            queryList = bookService.queryAllBook();
            model.addAttribute("error","未查到书籍信息");
        }
        model.addAttribute("bookList",queryList);
        return "allBook";
    }

}

六：编写前端

• 同样只展示部分，完整代码参考gitee

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <%--使用bootstrap CDN--%>
    <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>
<body>

<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表-----显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-4 column">
                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增书籍</a>
                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部书籍</a>
            </div>

            <div class="col-md-8 column">
                <%--查询书籍--%>
                <form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="get" style="float: right">
                    <span style="color: red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
                    <input type="text" placeholder="查询书籍" class="form-control" name="queryInfo">
                    <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>


    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>书籍编号</th>
                        <th>书籍名称</th>
                        <th>书籍数量</th>
                        <th>书籍详情</th>
                        <th>操作</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <%--从list中遍历数据--%>
                <tbody>
                    <c:forEach var="book" items="${bookList}">
                        <tr>
                            <td>${book.bookID}</td>
                            <td>${book.bookName}</td>
                            <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
                            <td>${book.detail}</td>
                            <td>
                                <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdate?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a>
                                &nbsp;|&nbsp;
                                <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>

</div>

</body>
</html>

• 至此SSM已完成所有整合，路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。