[Java知识库]【Java版】RabbitMQ 6种工作模式示例

?1.Hello World

（1）Send.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class Send {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            String message = "Hello World!";
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
        }
    }
}

（2）Recv.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

public class Recv {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> { });
    }
}

（3）

javac -cp amqp-client-5.6.0.jar Send.java Recv.java

（4）?

# terminal tab 1
java -cp .:amqp-client-5.6.0.jar:slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar:slf4j-simple-1.7.25.jar Recv

（5）

# terminal tab 2
java -cp .:amqp-client-5.6.0.jar:slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar:slf4j-simple-1.7.25.jar Send

?

2.工作队列模式

（1）NewTask.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.MessageProperties;

public class NewTask {

    private static final String TASK_QUEUE_NAME = "task_queue";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
            channel.queueDeclare(TASK_QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);

            String message = String.join(" ", argv);

            channel.basicPublish("", TASK_QUEUE_NAME,
                    MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN,
                    message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
        }
    }

}

（2）Worker.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

public class Worker {

    private static final String TASK_QUEUE_NAME = "task_queue";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        final Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(TASK_QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

        channel.basicQos(1);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");

            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
            try {
                doWork(message);
            } finally {
                System.out.println(" [x] Done");
                channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(TASK_QUEUE_NAME, false, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> { });
    }

    private static void doWork(String task) {
        for (char ch : task.toCharArray()) {
            if (ch == '.') {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException _ignored) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

（3）

javac -cp amqp-client-5.6.0.jar NewTask.java Worker.java

（4）

# terminal tab 1
java -cp $CP NewTask

（5）

# terminal tab 2
java -cp $CP Worker

3.发布/订阅模式

（1）EmitLog.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class EmitLog {

    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
            channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");

            String message = argv.length < 1 ? "info: Hello World!" :
                    String.join(" ", argv);

            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
        }
    }

}

（2）ReceiveLogs.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

public class ReceiveLogs {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");

        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> { });
    }
}

（3）

javac -cp amqp-client-5.6.0.jar EmitLog.java ReceiveLogs.java

（4）

# terminal tab 1
java -cp $CP ReceiveLogs

（5）

# terminal tab 2
java -cp $CP EmitLog

4.路由模式

（1）ReceiveLogsDirect.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

public class ReceiveLogsDirect {

    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT);
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();

        if (argv.length < 1) {
            System.err.println("Usage: ReceiveLogsDirect [info] [warning] [error]");
            System.exit(1);
        }

        for (String severity : argv) {
            channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, severity);
        }
        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}

（2）EmitLogDirect.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class EmitLogDirect {

    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
            channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT);

            String severity = getSeverity(argv);
            String message = getMessage(argv);

            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, severity, null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + severity + "':'" + message + "'");
        }
    }

    private static String getSeverity(String[] strings) {
        if (strings.length < 1)
            return "info";
        return strings[0];
    }

    private static String getMessage(String[] strings) {
        if (strings.length < 2)
            return "Hello World!";
        return joinStrings(strings, " ", 1);
    }

    private static String joinStrings(String[] strings, String delimiter, int startIndex) {
        int length = strings.length;
        if (length == 0) return "";
        if (length <= startIndex) return "";
        StringBuilder words = new StringBuilder(strings[startIndex]);
        for (int i = startIndex + 1; i < length; i++) {
            words.append(delimiter).append(strings[i]);
        }
        return words.toString();
    }
}

（3）

javac -cp $CP ReceiveLogsDirect.java EmitLogDirect.java

（4）

# terminal tab 1
java -cp $CP ReceiveLogsDirect warning error

（5）

# terminal tab 2
java -cp $CP ReceiveLogsDirect info warning error

（6）

# terminal tab 3
java -cp $CP EmitLogDirect error "Run. Run. Or it will explode."

5.主题模式

（1）ReceiveLogsTopic.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

public class ReceiveLogsTopic {

    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();

        if (argv.length < 1) {
            System.err.println("Usage: ReceiveLogsTopic [binding_key]...");
            System.exit(1);
        }

        for (String bindingKey : argv) {
            channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, bindingKey);
        }

        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> { });
    }
}

（2）EmitLogTopic.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class EmitLogTopic {

    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {

            channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");

            String routingKey = getRouting(argv);
            String message = getMessage(argv);

            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, routingKey, null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + routingKey + "':'" + message + "'");
        }
    }

    private static String getRouting(String[] strings) {
        if (strings.length < 1)
            return "anonymous.info";
        return strings[0];
    }

    private static String getMessage(String[] strings) {
        if (strings.length < 2)
            return "Hello World!";
        return joinStrings(strings, " ", 1);
    }

    private static String joinStrings(String[] strings, String delimiter, int startIndex) {
        int length = strings.length;
        if (length == 0) return "";
        if (length < startIndex) return "";
        StringBuilder words = new StringBuilder(strings[startIndex]);
        for (int i = startIndex + 1; i < length; i++) {
            words.append(delimiter).append(strings[i]);
        }
        return words.toString();
    }
}

（3）

# To compile:
javac -cp $CP ReceiveLogsTopic.java EmitLogTopic.java

（4）

# To receive all the logs:
java -cp $CP ReceiveLogsTopic "#"

（5）

# To receive all logs from the facility "kern":
java -cp $CP ReceiveLogsTopic "kern.*"

（6）

# Or if you want to hear only about "critical" logs:
java -cp $CP ReceiveLogsTopic "*.critical"

（7）

# You can create multiple bindings:
java -cp $CP ReceiveLogsTopic "kern.*" "*.critical"

?（8）

# And to emit a log with a routing key "kern.critical" type:
java -cp $CP EmitLogTopic "kern.critical" "A critical kernel error"

6.RPC模式

（1）RPCServer.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

public class RPCServer {

    private static final String RPC_QUEUE_NAME = "rpc_queue";

    private static int fib(int n) {
        if (n == 0) return 0;
        if (n == 1) return 1;
        return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
    }

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");

        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
            channel.queueDeclare(RPC_QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            channel.queuePurge(RPC_QUEUE_NAME);

            channel.basicQos(1);

            System.out.println(" [x] Awaiting RPC requests");

            Object monitor = new Object();
            DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
                AMQP.BasicProperties replyProps = new AMQP.BasicProperties
                        .Builder()
                        .correlationId(delivery.getProperties().getCorrelationId())
                        .build();

                String response = "";

                try {
                    String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
                    int n = Integer.parseInt(message);

                    System.out.println(" [.] fib(" + message + ")");
                    response += fib(n);
                } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                    System.out.println(" [.] " + e.toString());
                } finally {
                    channel.basicPublish("", delivery.getProperties().getReplyTo(), replyProps, response.getBytes("UTF-8"));
                    channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
                    // RabbitMq consumer worker thread notifies the RPC server owner thread
                    synchronized (monitor) {
                        monitor.notify();
                    }
                }
            };

            channel.basicConsume(RPC_QUEUE_NAME, false, deliverCallback, (consumerTag -> { }));
            // Wait and be prepared to consume the message from RPC client.
            while (true) {
                synchronized (monitor) {
                    try {
                        monitor.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

（2）RPCClient.java

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class RPCClient implements AutoCloseable {

    private Connection connection;
    private Channel channel;
    private String requestQueueName = "rpc_queue";

    public RPCClient() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");

        connection = factory.newConnection();
        channel = connection.createChannel();
    }

    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        try (RPCClient fibonacciRpc = new RPCClient()) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
                String i_str = Integer.toString(i);
                System.out.println(" [x] Requesting fib(" + i_str + ")");
                String response = fibonacciRpc.call(i_str);
                System.out.println(" [.] Got '" + response + "'");
            }
        } catch (IOException | TimeoutException | InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public String call(String message) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        final String corrId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();

        String replyQueueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        AMQP.BasicProperties props = new AMQP.BasicProperties
                .Builder()
                .correlationId(corrId)
                .replyTo(replyQueueName)
                .build();

        channel.basicPublish("", requestQueueName, props, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));

        final BlockingQueue<String> response = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(1);

        String ctag = channel.basicConsume(replyQueueName, true, (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            if (delivery.getProperties().getCorrelationId().equals(corrId)) {
                response.offer(new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
            }
        }, consumerTag -> {
        });

        String result = response.take();
        channel.basicCancel(ctag);
        return result;
    }

    public void close() throws IOException {
        connection.close();
    }
}

（3）

# Compile and set up the classpath as usual (see tutorial one):
javac -cp $CP RPCClient.java RPCServer.java

（4）

# Our RPC service is now ready. We can start the server:
java -cp $CP RPCServer

（5）

# To request a fibonacci number run the client:
java -cp $CP RPCClient