[Java知识库]熟悉掌握SpringMVC（六）——整合SSM（一个简易的图书管理系统）

环境配置

• IDEA
• MySQL 8
• Tomcat 9
• JDK 16
• Maven 3.6

数据库环境

CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild;

USE ssmbuild;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS books;

CREATE TABLE books(
bookId INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
bookName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
bookCounts INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
detail VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '细节',
PRIMARY KEY (bookId)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO books(bookId,bookName,bookCounts,detail) VALUES (1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

基本环境搭建

<dependencies>
    <!--Junit-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.13.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库驱动-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.26</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Servlet - JSP -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Spring-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--lombok-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.20</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

Maven静态资源过滤设置：

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

Mybatis层编写

数据库配置文件database.properties

jdbc.drive=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

编写Mybatis核心配置文件Mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.pag.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/pag/mapper/BookMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

编写数据库对应的实体类com.pag.pojo.Books

package com.pag.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

编写Mapper接口com.pag.mapper.BookMapper.interface

package com.pag.mapper;

import com.pag.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books books);
    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBook(@Param("bookId") int id);
    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
    //根据名字查询，返回一个Book
    Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}

编写对应的Mapper.xml文件BookMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.pag.mapper.BookMapper">
    <!--增加一个Book-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName,bookCounts,detail)
        values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail})
    </insert>

    <!--根据id删除一个Book-->
    <delete id="deleteBook" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookId = #{bookId}
    </delete>

    <!--更新Book-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
        where bookId = #{bookId};
    </update>

    <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book-->
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where bookId = #{bookId}
    </select>

    <!--查询全部Book-->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books
    </select>

    <!--根据Name查询,返回一个Book-->
    <select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName = #{bookName}
    </select>
</mapper>

编写Service层的接口和实现类com.pag.service

BookService.interface

package com.pag.service;

import com.pag.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

//BookService:底下需要去实现,调用mapper层
public interface BookService {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books books);
    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBook(int id);
    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
    //根据Name查询，返回一个Book
    Books queryBookByName(String name);
}

BookServiceImpl.java

package com.pag.service;

import com.pag.mapper.BookMapper;
import com.pag.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

    //调用mapper层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBook(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBook(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBookByName(String name) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookByName(name);
    }
}

Spring层

配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；

编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件； spring-mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
    <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <!--数据库连接池
        dbcp  半自动化操作  不能自动连接
        c3p0  自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.drive}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <!--解释 ： https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.pag.mapper"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

Spring整合service层

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.pag.service"/>

    <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.pag.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    
</beans>

SpringMVC层

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--encodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session过期时间-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!-- 3.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.pag.controller"/>
    <!-- 4.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<import resource="classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml"/>
	<import resource="classpath:spring/spring-service.xml"/>
	<import resource="classpath:spring/spring-mapper.xml"/>
</beans>

Controller和视图层编写

查询所有书籍

BookController 类编写

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
    }
}

编写首页 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
    <title>首页</title>
    <style type="text/css">
        a {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: black;
            font-size: 18px;
        }
        h3 {
            width: 180px;
            height: 38px;
            margin: 100px auto;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 38px;
            background: deepskyblue;
            border-radius: 4px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>

书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

添加书籍

BookController 类编写

@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
    return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books books) {
    System.out.println(books);
    bookService.addBook(books);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>
</div>

修改书籍

BookController 类编写

@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
    Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
    System.out.println(books);
    model.addAttribute("book",books );
    return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
    System.out.println(book);
    bookService.updateBook(book);
    Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
    model.addAttribute("books", books);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改信息</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改信息</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    </form>
</div>

删除书籍

BookController 类编写

@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
    bookService.deleteBookById(id);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

查询书籍功能

前端页面增加一个输入框和查询按钮

<div class="col-md-4 column"></div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
    <form class="form-inline" action="/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
        <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required>
        <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
    </form>
</div>

编写查询的Controller

@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
    System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName);
    //业务逻辑还没有写
    return "allBook";
}

Mapper接口

//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);

Mapper.xml

<!--根据书名查询,返回一个Book-->
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
    select * from ssmbuild.books
    where bookName = #{bookName}
</select>

Service接口

//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);

Service实现类

public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
    return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
}

完善Controller

@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
    System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName);
    Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
    List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
    list.add(books);
    model.addAttribute("list", list);
    return "allBook";
}

额外的条件判断

@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
   public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
       System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName);
       //如果查询的数据存在空格，则优化
       Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName.trim()); 
       List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
       list.add(books);
       //如果没有查出来书籍，则返回全部书籍列表
       if (books==null){
           list = bookService.queryAllBook();
           model.addAttribute("error", "没有找到本书！");
       }
       model.addAttribute("list", list);
       return "allBook";
   }