一、引入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.20</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.18</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>dev.tuxjsql</groupId>
<artifactId>hikaricp-cp</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
<version>1.7.30</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-to-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
<artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
<version>2.10.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<target>1.8</target>
<source>1.8</source>
<encoding>utf-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes> <include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>二、建立用户类
这里用来lombok插件，所以不用手动生成getter，setter，构造参数。不知道的话百度一下就好
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class User {
private String name;
private String age;
}
三、新建application.xml文件，构造注入
构造注入一共有三种方式，用哪一种看你的选择，一般名字注入最常用的。
这里都注销掉了，你要用的时候把你要用的那一种取消注销即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="user" class="cn.itnanls.User">
<!--构造注入——参数类型注入-->
<!--<constructor-arg type="java.lang.Integer" value="12"/>-->
<!--<constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="Tom"/>-->
<!--构造注入——下标注入-->
<!--<constructor-arg index="0" value="tom"/>-->
<!--<constructor-arg index="1" value="12"/>-->
<!--构造注入——名字注入，最常用-->
<!--<constructor-arg name="name" value="lucy"/>-->
<!--<constructor-arg name="age" value="12"/>-->
<!--setter注入-->
<!--<property name="name" value="tom"/>-->
</bean>
</beans>四、测试
新建在已有的test包里
这个基本上就是固定的，getBean(User.class)里面的User.class可替换成"user"，因为在application.xml文件里bean的id就是user，所以找的到
public class UserTest {
@Test
public void iocTest(){
// 根据配置文件构建一个应用上下文
ApplicationContext applicationContext =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
//User user = (User)applicationContext.getBean("user"); // 和下一句效果一样
User user = applicationContext.getBean(User.class);
User otherUser = applicationContext.getBean(User.class);
System.out.println(user);
}
}
五、set注入
1、新建地址类
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Address {
private String addressInfo;
}?2、修改用户类
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class User {
private String name;
private Address address;
//爱好
private String[] hobbies;
//职务
private List<String> duties;
//家庭关系
private Map<String,String> familyTies;
//购物车商品
private Set<String> carts;
// 工作经历
private Properties workExperience;
// 女儿 null注入
private String daughter;
}
3、修改application.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="address" class="cn.itnanls.Address">
<property name="addressInfo" value="北京八大胡同"/>
</bean>
<bean id="user" class="cn.itnanls.User" autowire="byName">
<!-- 基本属性注入 -->
<property name="name" value="lucy"/>
<!-- 引用类型注入 -->
<!--<property name="address" ref="address"/>-->
<!-- 数组注入 -->
<property name="hobbies">
<array value-type="java.lang.String">
<value>篮球</value>
<value>足球</value>
<value>羽毛球</value>
</array>
</property>
<!-- list注入 -->
<property name="duties">
<list>
<value>厂长</value>
<value>党委副书记</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- map注入 -->
<property name="familyTies">
<map>
<entry key="父亲" value="杨建国"/>
<entry key="母亲" value="董悦"/>
</map>
</property>
<!-- set注入 -->
<property name="carts">
<set>
<value>韭菜</value>
<value>鸡蛋</value>
</set>
</property>
<!-- property注入 -->
<property name="workExperience">
<props>
<prop key="阿里巴巴">工作两年</prop>
<prop key="百度">工作一年</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- null注入 -->
<property name="daughter">
<null></null>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>4、测试
还是之前的测试类，一个字都不用改
User(name=lucy, address=Address(addressInfo=北京八大胡同), hobbies=[篮球, 足球, 羽毛球], duties=[厂长, 党委副书记], familyTies={父亲=杨建国, 母亲=董悦}, carts=[韭菜, 鸡蛋], workExperience={阿里巴巴=工作两年, 百度=工作一年}, daughter=null)
五、自动装配
在上面的配置文件里其实已经有体现了。因为地址是User从Address里拿来的，所以配置文件里会有以下配置：
<bean id="address" class="cn.itnanls.Address">
<property name="addressInfo" value="北京八大胡同"/>
</bean>在bean这里加上autowire="byName"，就会进行bean的自动装配，除了按名字进行自动装配，我们还可以根据类型，比如数据是Address这个类里面的，也会测试成功
<bean id="user" class="cn.itnanls.User" autowire="byName">所以，这里的地址引入我们可以注销掉，但在测试用例里我们依旧可以看到“北京八大胡同”
<!-- 引用类型注入 -->
<!--<property name="address" ref="address"/>-->