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[Java知识库]微服务】SpringCloud（SpringCloud Alibaba）微服务秒杀项目-08：引入Nacos服务注册中心与配置中心

作者:token annotation punctuation

文章目录

SpringCloud-08: 引入Nacos服务注册中心与配置中心

SpringCloud-08: 引入Nacos服务注册中心与配置中心

项目Github地址

Nacos官方文档

SpringCloud Alibaba 官方文档

SpringCloud Config 官方文档

注册中心

服务提供者

新建子工程，该工程使用nacos作为服务配置中心

引入pom.xml依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>seckill</artifactId>
        <groupId>cc.seckill</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-config-nacos-client3377</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <!--  项目通用自定义api  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cc.seckill</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--    WEB    -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--    通用    -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

！！！我这里父项目没注意依赖整错了，记得修改父项目的依赖！！！

            <!--  cloud alibaba -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2021.0.1.0</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

application.yml

server:
  port: 9001


spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848


management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

主启动类

package cc.seckill.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

/**
 * description: PaymentMain <br>
 * date: 2022/4/19 19:47 <br>
 * author: hq <br>
 * version: 1.0 <br>
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain.class, args);
    }
}

Controller

package cc.seckill.springcloud.controller;

import cc.seckill.springcloud.entities.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


/**
 * description: PaymentController <br>
 * date: 2022/4/19 19:49 <br>
 * author: hq <br>
 * version: 1.0 <br>
 */
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/payment/nacos/get/{id}")
    public Result getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.put("code", "200");
        result.put("data", id);
        result.put("port", serverPort);
        return result;
    }

}

启动测试
nacos管理后台

再添加一个yml，以启动两个服务

server:
  port: 9002


spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848


management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

再次启动查看，说明配置成功

服务消费者（客户端）

新建项目，不再过多阐述，只放配置代码

pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>seckill</artifactId>
        <groupId>cc.seckill</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-nacos-order80</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>



        <!--  项目通用自定义api  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cc.seckill</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--    WEB    -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--    通用    -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

yml

server:
  port: 80


spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848

Main

package cc.seckill.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

/**
 * description: OrderMain <br>
 * date: 2022/4/19 20:15 <br>
 * author: hq <br>
 * version: 1.0 <br>
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderMain.class, args);
    }
}

config

package cc.seckill.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.loadbalancer.annotation.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * description: ApplicationContextConfig <br>
 * date: 2022/4/11 10:24 <br>
 * author: hq <br>
 * version: 1.0 <br>
 */
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller

package cc.seckill.springcloud.controller;

import cc.seckill.springcloud.entities.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * description: OrderNacosController <br>
 * date: 2022/4/19 20:19 <br>
 * author: hq <br>
 * version: 1.0 <br>
 */
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderNacosController {

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user}")
    private String serverURL;


    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/nacos/get/{id}")
    public Result paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL + "/payment/nacos/get/" + id,
                Result.class);
    }

}

启动
测试

微服务配置中心

基础配置

创建项目

引入pom.xml依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>seckill</artifactId>
        <groupId>cc.seckill</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-config-nacos-client3377</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--  项目通用自定义api  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cc.seckill</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <!--    WEB    -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--    通用    -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

新建bootstrap.yml和application.yml

bootstrap.yml加载优先级要高于application.yml

server:
  port: 3377

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848

      config:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848
        file-extension: yaml

application.yml

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

Controller

package cc.seckill.springcloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * description: ConfigClientController <br>
 * date: 2022/4/19 21:04 <br>
 * author: hq <br>
 * version: 1.0 <br>
 */
@RestController
@RefreshScope
public class ConfigClientController {
    @Value("${config.info}")
    private String configInfo;

    @GetMapping("/config/info")
    public String getConfigInfo() {
        return configInfo;
    }
}

配置文件名称规则

在 Nacos Spring Cloud 中，dataId 的完整格式如下：
```
${prefix}-${spring.profiles.active}.${file-extension}
```
- prefix 默认为 spring.application.name 的值，也可以通过配置项 spring.cloud.nacos.config.prefix来配置。
- spring.profiles.active 即为当前环境对应的 profile，详情可以参考 Spring Boot文档。 注意：当 spring.profiles.active 为空时，对应的连接符 - 也将不存在，dataId 的拼接格式变成 ${prefix}.${file-extension}
- file-exetension 为配置内容的数据格式，可以通过配置项 spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension 来配置。目前只支持 properties 和 yaml 类型。
来源： Nacos官网

因此当前配置文件的名称应该为：nacos-config-client-dev.yaml
在nacos管理界面新建配置（配图里的文件名是错的，注意！）
测试

分类配置

NameSpace + Group + Data ID来区分配置，类似java类的包名+类名来提供全限定名。

NameSpace区分部署环境，Group、Data ID进行逻辑区分

比如我们有三个环境：开发、测试、成产环境，我们就可以创建三个NameSpace，不同的NameSpace之间是相互隔离的。Group可以将不同的微服务划分到同一个Group里，Data ID可以用来区分微服务。

根据DataID分类配置

修改配置文件application.yml中spring.profiles.active的值进行分类配置
```
spring:
  profiles:
    active: test
#    active: dev
```

根据Group分类配置

添加配置

修改bootstrap.yaml（yaml和yml作用一样的），在config下添加group信息

server:
  port: 3377

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848

      config:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848
        file-extension: yaml
        group: TEST_GROUP

同样修改application.yaml

spring:
  profiles:
    active: info
#    active: test
#    active: dev

测试

根据NameSpace分类配置

去命名空间新建NameSpace，然后在配置管理界面切换到对应的命名空间

修改bootstrap.yaml

server:
  port: 3377

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848

      config:
        server-addr: localnacos:8848
        file-extension: yaml
#        group: TEST_GROUP
        namespace: 9fdb67b6-7d0d-4684-a1a2-bd2af588190d