SpringMVC概述

SpringMVC是一种基于Java的实现MVC设计模型的请求驱动类型的轻量级Web框架,
属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品，已经融合在Spring Web Flow中。
SpringMVC已经成为目前最主流的MVC框架之一，并且随着Spring3.0的发布，全面超越Struts2，成为最优秀的MVC框架。它通过一套注解，让一个简单的Java类成为处理请求的控制器，而无须实现任何接口。同时它还支持RESTful编程风格的请求。

quickstart

1.导入依赖

 		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.19</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.19</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.19</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

2.配置web.xml中Servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
<!--    配置springmvc前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
<!--    /表示缺省，即所有都经过这个前端控制器-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3.编写Controller

package com.example.mvc1.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class BaseController {

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(){
        System.out.println("first test....");
        return "success.jsp";
    }
}

success.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Syf200208161018
  Date: 2022/4/25
  Time: 15:32
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>test success</h1>
</body>
</html>

4.将Controller使用@Controller注解配置到Spring容器中

在这里插入图片描述

5. 配置spring-mvc.xml组件扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--    controller的组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.mvc1.controller"></context:component-scan>
</beans>