????????本次就是记录一下我的开发过程,不是教程,纯属自己做个笔记。
现在项目有个需求,需要用户在公众号发送图片消息的时候,我后台程序能接收到这个图片,并用ai处理图片并返回信息。
1.首先第一步要接收微信消息,需要在公众号里设置与开发-基本配置里配置一下服务器配置
这个url配置了以后,所以微信公众号的消息都会被推送到这个url对应的接口上,Token感觉没啥用,随便写一个完事,加密随机生成,不加密消息的话也没用。
最坑爹的是在提交配置的时候,微信要根据你填的这个url验证一下token认证,而这个url实际是后台处理消息的接口,搞不清楚咋肥四,我就先把这个接口写成验证token的,等提交完配置再改回我的处理消息接口代码。验证token这里随便找了段代码,亲测有效。
@RequestMapping(value = "/testToken")
public void testToken(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
String token="tokenxxx";
logger.error("WechatController ---- WechatController");
System.out.println("========WechatController========= ");
logger.info("请求进来了...");
Enumeration pNames = request.getParameterNames();
while (pNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String name = (String) pNames.nextElement();
String value = request.getParameter(name);
// out.print(name + "=" + value);
String log = "name =" + name + " value =" + value;
logger.error(log);
}
String signature = request.getParameter("signature");/// 微信加密签名
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");/// 时间戳
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); /// 随机数
String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr"); // 随机字符串
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print(echostr);
out.close();
}
2.配置好公众号以后,开始接收微信消息
官方文档在这里:文本消息 | 微信开放文档
也就是说微信会给你发送xml格式的消息,后台需要能接收这个消息
要接收xml消息和以后发送消息啥的,需要先引入一些依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-xml-provider</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--httpUtil-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
<version>4.4.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--解析微信的消息-->
<dependency>
<groupId>dom4j</groupId>
<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
<version>1.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
<artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
<version>1.4.4</version>
</dependency>
以为对应的图标消息是这样的:
所以写个消息的实体类:
package com.bomc.recordLife.entry;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.annotation.JacksonXmlProperty;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.annotation.JacksonXmlRootElement;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@JacksonXmlRootElement(localName = "xml")
public class WxMessageImg {
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "ToUserName")
private String ToUserName;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "FromUserName")
private String FromUserName;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "CreateTime")
private long CreateTime;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "MsgType")
private String MsgType;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "Event")
private String Event;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "PicUrl")
private String PicUrl;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "MediaId")
private String MediaId;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "MsgId")
private long MsgId;
@JacksonXmlProperty(localName = "Content")
private String Content;
}
还是先记录一下如果不怕超时直接给用户返回消息的情况:
@PostMapping(value = "analyzeImg2",consumes = "text/xml", produces = "text/xml;charset=utf-8")
@ResponseBody
public Object analyzeImg2(@RequestBody WxMessageImg wxMessageImg){
//拼一下要返回的信息对象
WxMessageImg resultMessage=new WxMessageImg();
try {
//忽略图片逻辑,直接闹个结果
String resultStr="处理完图片返回的信息";
String openid = wxMessageImg.getFromUserName(); //用户 openid
String mpid = wxMessageImg.getToUserName(); //公众号原始 ID
resultMessage.setToUserName(openid);
resultMessage.setFromUserName(mpid);
resultMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
resultMessage.setContent(resultStr);
resultMessage.setMsgType("text");
//用这个工具类处理出一串玩意直接返回
String outMesStr = WxMessageUtil.textMessageToXml(resultMessage);
System.out.println(outMesStr);
return outMesStr;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
工具类:
package com.bomc.recordLife.util;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.bomc.recordLife.entry.WxMessageImg;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.DomDriver;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @Description: 消息工具类
* @Author: lst
* @Date 2020-08-19
*/
public class WxMessageUtil {
/**
* 返回消息类型:文本
*/
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";
/**
* 返回消息类型:音乐
*/
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_MUSIC = "music";
/**
* 返回消息类型:图文
*/
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_NEWS = "news";
/**
* 返回消息类型:图片
*/
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_Image = "image";
/**
* 返回消息类型:语音
*/
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_Voice = "voice";
/**
* 返回消息类型:视频
*/
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_Video = "video";
/**
* 请求消息类型:文本
*/
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";
/**
* 请求消息类型:图片
*/
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE = "image";
/**
* 请求消息类型:链接
*/
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LINK = "link";
/**
* 请求消息类型:地理位置
*/
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION = "location";
/**
* 请求消息类型:音频
*/
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VOICE = "voice";
/**
* 请求消息类型:视频
*/
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO = "video";
/**
* 请求消息类型:推送
*/
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_EVENT = "event";
/**
* 事件类型:subscribe(订阅)
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";
/**
* 事件类型:unsubscribe(取消订阅)
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";
/**
* 事件类型:CLICK(自定义菜单点击事件)
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_CLICK = "CLICK";
/**
* 事件类型:VIEW(自定义菜单URl视图)
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_VIEW = "VIEW";
/**
* 事件类型:LOCATION(上报地理位置事件)
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_LOCATION = "LOCATION";
/**
* 事件类型:LOCATION(上报地理位置事件)
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_SCAN = "SCAN";
/**
* @Description: 解析微信发来的请求(XML)
* @param @param request
* @param @return
* @param @throws Exception
* @author dapengniao
* @date 2016年3月7日 上午10:04:02
*/
public static Map<String, String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) {
// 将解析结果存储在HashMap中
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
// 读取输入流
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = null;
InputStream inputStream = null;
try {
// 从request中取得输入流
inputStream = request.getInputStream();
document = reader.read(inputStream);
// 得到xml根元素
Element root = document.getRootElement();
// 得到根元素的所有子节点
List<Element> elementList = root.elements();
// 遍历所有子节点
elementList.stream().forEach(element -> {
map.put(element.getName(), element.getStringValue());
});
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
// 释放资源
if(null != inputStream){
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return map;
}
/**
* @Description: 文本消息对象转换成xml
* @param @param textMessage
* @param @return
* @author dapengniao
* @date 2016年3月8日 下午4:13:22
*/
public static String textMessageToXml(WxMessageImg textMessage) {
XStream xStream = new XStream(new DomDriver("UTF-8"));
//XStream xStream = new XStream();
xStream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());
return xStream.toXML(textMessage);
}
}
?如果用postman调用的需要这样:
?
以上就是接收消息和被动回复消息,但是有个大坑,一开始我想着处理完消息在直接返回信息回去,但是处理时间总是超过5秒,每次超过5秒它就报一下服务出现故障,一共请求三次,三次都超时就给你报三次故障。
?后来客户不愿意报这玩意儿,就只好改成直接返回success再异步调用处理图片方法,处理完再用客服消息主动给用户发消息。
因为要处理图片花费的时间比较多,所以开个线程搞成异步调用处理图片再推送消息,这样的话直接返回字符串success
在controller里面写个方法接收一下,用@RequestBody 直接把发来的xml变成对象
@RequestMapping(value = "analyzeImg")
@ResponseBody
public String analyzeImg(@RequestBody WxMessageImg wxMessageImg) throws Exception {
//异步调用,先直接返回success,不然会显示程序异常
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
getImgData(wxMessageImg);
}
}).start();
return "SUCCESS";
//return null;
}
public Object getImgData(WxMessageImg wxMessageImg){
try {
//忽略图片逻辑,直接闹个结果
String resultStr="处理完图片返回的信息";
String openid = wxMessageImg.getFromUserName(); //用户 openid
postMessage(openid,resultStr);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
?微信的破文档找个推送客户消息太费劲了,网上都到的基本都是发送模板消息,但我只是想发个文本消息呀!!
后来才找到发送客服消息的url是:
https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send?access_token=
发送模板消息的url是:https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=
官方接口介绍
发送文本信息
所以我们需要的就是这个url和发送的文本格式,就这么简单几个值而已:?
public String postMessage(String openid,String content) throws Exception {
//String access_token=WxMessageUtil.obtainAccessToken();
//appid和appsecret为公众号里面的
String tokenData = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="+appId+"&secret="+appSecret;
// 返回的用户信息json字符串
String result=HttpUtil.doGet(tokenData);
System.out.println(result);
JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(result);
//先获取access_token
String access_token=String.valueOf(jsonObject.get("access_token"));
System.out.println(access_token);
//消息推送接口
String path = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send?access_token=" + access_token;
JSONObject jsonData = new JSONObject();
jsonData.put("touser", openid);
jsonData.put("msgtype", "text");
JSONObject text = new JSONObject();
text.put("content",content);
jsonData.put("text",text);
System.out.println(jsonData);
System.out.println(path);
//HttpUtil.doPostJson(path, jsonData.toJSONString());
HttpRequest.sendPost(path, jsonData.toJSONString());
return "SUCCESS";
//return null;
}
这样就能成功给用户异步回复消息,不会担心超过5秒报异常的问题了
package com.bomc.recordLife.util;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpRequest {
/**
* 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
*
* @param url
* 发送请求的URL
* @param param
* 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
* @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果
*/
public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
String result = "";
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 建立实际的连接
connection.connect();
// 获取所有响应头字段
Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
// 遍历所有的响应头字段
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
}
// 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常!" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 使用finally块来关闭输入流
finally {
try {
if (in != null) {
in.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
*
* @param url
* 发送请求的 URL
* @param param
* 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
* @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
*/
public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "keep-alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "80");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/52.0.2743.116 Safari/537.36");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
OutputStreamWriter outWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");
out = new PrintWriter(outWriter);
// 发送请求参数
out.print(param);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常!"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//发送 GET 请求
/* String s=HttpRequest.sendGet("http://localhost:6144/Home/RequestString", "key=123&v=456");
System.out.println(s);*/
//发送 POST 请求
/* String sr=HttpRequest.sendPost("http://www.cheshouye.com/api/weizhang/get_all_config","");
JSONObject jsStr = JSONObject.fromObject(sr);
JSONArray jsonarray = jsStr.getJSONArray("configs");
for(int i=0;i<jsonarray.size();i++){
JSONObject ob1=(JSONObject)jsonarray.get(i);
Integer provinceId=ob1.getInt("provice_id");
String provinceName=ob1.getString("provice_name");
String provinceShortName=ob1.getString("provice_short_name");
JSONArray jsonarray2 = ob1.getJSONArray("citys");
}
System.out.println(jsonarray);*/
//(JSONObject)jsonarray[i]
}
}
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