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   -> Java知识库 -> Caused by: org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: ASM ClassReader failed to parse class file... -> 正文阅读

[Java知识库]Caused by: org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: ASM ClassReader failed to parse class file...

发生缘由

  • 学习SpringMVC

运行环境

  • jdk版本：jdk-16.0.2
  • Idea版本：2021.2
  • 电脑系统：win10

环境搭建

  1. 创建Maven项目。点击Maven项目创建时候的create from archetype，选择Maven里面的模板即可，选择org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp；

  2. 因为创建的目录结构不全，所以我们需要手动补全java文件夹。点击file–>Project Structure–>Moudles，在Moudles中选择刚刚创建的项目，看看src文件夹下面的main文件夹下面是否存在java文件夹。

    如果没有则需要手动添加：右键main文件夹，选择new folder，在出现的方框中输入java。就会创建一个java文件夹。

  3. 将pom.xml中多余的内容删除掉，再添加SpringMVC需要的依赖。在pom.xml文件中添加SpringMVC所需要的jar包以及Tomcat运行所需要的插件，最后pom.xml文件内容如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.linxuan</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc01</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!--用来快速部署并启动Maven项目，tomcat7-maven-plugin是maven中集成tomcat容器的一个插件-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <port>80</port>
          <path>/</path>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

  4. 创建配置类

    package com.linxuan.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.linxuan.controller")
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}

  5. 创建Controller类

    package com.linxuan.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/save")
    // 设置返回数据为json
    @ResponseBody
    public String save() {
        System.out.println("user save...");
        return "{'info':'springmvc'}";
    }
}

  6. 使用配置类替换web.xml。将web.xml删除，换成ServletContainersInitConfig

    package com.linxuan.config;

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer;

public class ServletContainersInitConfig extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {
    //加载springmvc配置类
    protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {
        //初始化WebApplicationContext对象
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        //加载指定配置类
        ctx.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);
        return ctx;
    }

    //设置由springmvc控制器处理的请求映射路径
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }

    //加载spring配置类
    protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {
        return null;
    }
}

  7. 配置Tomcat在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述

  8. 运行发现报错

    org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to read candidate component class: file [D:\Java\IdeaProjects\ssm\springmvc01\target\classes\com\linxuan\controller\UserController.class]; nested exception is org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: ASM ClassReader failed to parse class file - probably due to a new Java class file version that isn't supported yet: file [D:\Java\IdeaProjects\ssm\springmvc01\target\classes\com\linxuan\controller\UserController.class]; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.scanCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:452)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:315)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:276)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanAnnotationParser.parse(ComponentScanAnnotationParser.java:132)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:296)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:250)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:207)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:175)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:319)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:236)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:280)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:96)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:707)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:533)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:578)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
	at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:160)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1280)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1091)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5033)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5317)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630)
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:831)
Caused by: org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: ASM ClassReader failed to parse class file - probably due to a new Java class file version that isn't supported yet: file [D:\Java\IdeaProjects\ssm\springmvc01\target\classes\com\linxuan\controller\UserController.class]; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.getClassReader(SimpleMetadataReader.java:60)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.<init>(SimpleMetadataReader.java:49)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:103)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(CachingMetadataReaderFactory.java:123)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.scanCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:429)
	... 29 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:196)
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:177)
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:163)
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:284)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.getClassReader(SimpleMetadataReader.java:57)
	... 33 more

5月 16, 2022 10:53:41 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext loadOnStartup
严重: Servlet  threw load() exception
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:196)
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:177)
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:163)
	at org.springframework.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:284)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.getClassReader(SimpleMetadataReader.java:57)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReader.<init>(SimpleMetadataReader.java:49)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(SimpleMetadataReaderFactory.java:103)
	at org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(CachingMetadataReaderFactory.java:123)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.scanCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:429)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.findCandidateComponents(ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.java:315)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:276)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanAnnotationParser.parse(ComponentScanAnnotationParser.java:132)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:296)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:250)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:207)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:175)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:319)
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:236)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:280)
	at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:96)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:707)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:533)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:578)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
	at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:160)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1280)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1091)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5033)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5317)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630)
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:831)

5月 16, 2022 10:53:41 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-80"]
ERROR: IllegalAccessException for stop method in class org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.run.ExtendedTomcat
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:78)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
	at org.apache.tomcat.maven.common.run.EmbeddedRegistry.shutdownAll(EmbeddedRegistry.java:110)
	at org.apache.tomcat.maven.common.run.EmbeddedRegistry$1.run(EmbeddedRegistry.java:69)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to stop component [StandardServer[-1]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:236)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.stop(Tomcat.java:345)
	... 6 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to stop component [StandardService[Tomcat]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:236)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.stopInternal(StandardServer.java:753)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:232)
	... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to stop component [StandardEngine[Tomcat]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:236)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.stopInternal(StandardService.java:502)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:232)
	... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during stop
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.stopInternal(ContainerBase.java:1186)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:232)
	... 11 more

Process finished with exit code 130

问题补救

  • 尝试将jdk版本降至1.8，将下面代码加入pom.xml文件中

    <build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

    结果：没有任何作用，还是显示上述报错信息。

  • 不用Tomcat7插件，用电脑下载的Tomcat，我这里电脑本地下载的Tomcat版本为8.5.75。在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述
    在这里插入图片描述

    现在pom.xml文件内容如下

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.linxuan</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc01</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <!--插件-->
    <plugins>
      <!--用来快速部署并启动Maven项目，tomcat7-maven-plugin是maven中集成tomcat容器的一个插件-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <port>80</port>
          <path>/</path>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

  • 将上述的插件注释掉，使用电脑本地下载的Tomcat运行，结果发现报错

    错误: 不支持发行版本 5

Language level is invalid or missing in pom.xml. Current project JDK is 16. Specify language level in springmvc01

    查看，果然jdk版本莫名的变成了1.5在这里插入图片描述

    我们再使用插件将jdk升至1.8，将下述内容加至pom.xml文件中。

      <build>
    <!--插件-->
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

  • 再运行，依然发现报错，报错信息如下

    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 找到多个名为spring_web的片段。这是不合法的相对排序。

    我们导入的spring_web jar包重复了，所以需要删除一个
    在这里插入图片描述

  • 再点击运行，就可以了。总的来说也就是版本不匹配的问题，多调一下版本就可以了。

  • 其实也可以试试将tomcat7-maven-plugin插件版本升一下看看！
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