一、背景
在之前的文章中,我们的业务规则都是写在了drl 文件中,这对开发人员来说是没有什么问题,如果是业务人员则不怎么友好,这篇文章我们简单学习一下drools 中决策表的使用,规则是写在excel 文件中。
二、一个简单的决策表
在上面这个图中ResultSet 和ResultTable 是必须的,而且同一个包中,我们最好只上传一个决策表。
1、在同一个决策表中处理多个Sheet页
2、RuleSet下方可以有哪些属性
Label | Value | Usage |
---|
RuleSet | The package name for the generated DRL file. Optional, the default is rule_table . | Must be the first entry. | Sequential | true or false . If true , then salience is used to ensure that rules fire from the top down. | Optional, at most once. If omitted, no firing order is imposed. | SequentialMaxPriority | Integer numeric value | Optional, at most once. In sequential mode, this option is used to set the start value of the salience. If omitted, the default value is 65535. | SequentialMinPriority | Integer numeric value | Optional, at most once. In sequential mode, this option is used to check if this minimum salience value is not violated. If omitted, the default value is 0. | EscapeQuotes | true or false . If true , then quotation marks are escaped so that they appear literally in the DRL. | Optional, at most once. If omitted, quotation marks are escaped. | IgnoreNumericFormat | true or false . If true , then the format for numeric values is ignored, for example, percent and currency. | Optional, at most once. If omitted, DRL takes formatted values. | Import | A comma-separated list of Java classes to import from another package. | Optional, may be used repeatedly. | Variables | Declarations of DRL globals (a type followed by a variable name). Multiple global definitions must be separated by commas. | Optional, may be used repeatedly. | Functions | One or more function definitions, according to DRL syntax. | Optional, may be used repeatedly. | Queries | One or more query definitions, according to DRL syntax. | Optional, may be used repeatedly. | Declare | One or more declarative types, according to DRL syntax. | Optional, may be used repeatedly. | Unit | The rule units that the rules generated from this decision table belong to. | Optional, at most once. If omitted, the rules do not belong to any unit. | Dialect | java or mvel . The dialect used in the actions of the decision table. | Optional, at most once. If omitted, java is imposed. |
ResultSet :区域只可有一个。
3、RuleTable下方可以有哪些属性
Label | Or custom label that begins with | Value | Usage |
---|
NAME | N | Provides the name for the rule generated from that row. The default is constructed from the text following the RuleTable tag and the row number. | At most one column. | DESCRIPTION | I | Results in a comment within the generated rule. | At most one column. | CONDITION | C | Code snippet and interpolated values for constructing a constraint within a pattern in a condition. | At least one per rule table. | ACTION | A | Code snippet and interpolated values for constructing an action for the consequence of the rule. | At least one per rule table. | METADATA | @ | Code snippet and interpolated values for constructing a metadata entry for the rule. | Optional, any number of columns. |
具体的使用可以见上方的图
4、规则属性的编写
在ResultSet 和ResultTable 这个地方都可以编写规则属性。ResultSet 地方的规则属性将影响同一个包下所有的规则,而ResultTable 这个地方的规则属性,只影响这个规则。ResultTable 的优先级更高。
支持的规则属性有:PRIORITY 、DATE-EFFECTIVE 、DATE-EXPIRES 、NO-LOOP 、AGENDA-GROUP 、ACTIVATION-GROUP 、DURATION 、TIMER 、CALENDAR 、AUTO-FOCUS 、LOCK-ON-ACTIVE 、RULEFLOW-GROUP 。
具体的用法:见上图中ACTIVATION-GROUP 的使用。
三、需求
我们需要根据学生的成绩分数,给出相应的结果。规则如下:
特殊处理的规则: 规则一:只要名字是张三 的,直接判定为 优 规则二:只要名字是李四 的,如果分数在0,60 之间,直接认为是一般
普通规则: 规则三:分数在0,60 之间认为是不及格 规则四:分数在60,70 之间认为是一般 规则五:分数在70,90 之间认为是良好 规则六:分数在90,100 之间认为是优
从上方的规则中,我们可以看到姓名为张三 和李四 的学生特殊处理了。
四、实现
1、项目实现结构图
2、引入jar包
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.drools</groupId>
<artifactId>drools-bom</artifactId>
<type>pom</type>
<version>7.69.0.Final</version>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.drools</groupId>
<artifactId>drools-compiler</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.drools</groupId>
<artifactId>drools-mvel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.drools</groupId>
<artifactId>drools-decisiontables</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.22</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3、编写kmodule.xml文件
<kmodule xmlns="http://www.drools.org/xsd/kmodule">
<kbase name="kabse" packages="rules.decision.tables" default="false">
<ksession name="ksession" default="false" type="stateful"/>
</kbase>
</kmodule>
4、编写学生实体类
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
public class Student {
private String name;
private Integer score;
public Student(String name, Integer score) {
this.name = name;
if (null == score || score < 0 || score > 100) {
throw new RuntimeException("分数只能在0-100之间");
}
this.score = score;
}
}
5、编写决策表
6、将决策表转换成drl文件
这步主要是为了查看我们的决策表编写的是否正确,看看最终生成的drl文件是什么样的 。
1、决策表转换成drl文件代码
public static void decisionTable2Drl() throws IOException {
Resource resource = ResourceFactory.newClassPathResource("rules/decision/tables/student-score.xlsx", "UTF-8");
InputStream inputStream = resource.getInputStream();
SpreadsheetCompiler compiler = new SpreadsheetCompiler();
String drl = compiler.compile(inputStream, InputType.XLS);
log.info("决策表转换的drl内容为:\r{}", drl);
KieHelper kieHelper = new KieHelper();
Results results = kieHelper.addContent(drl, ResourceType.DRL).verify();
List<Message> messages = results.getMessages(Message.Level.ERROR);
if (null != messages && !messages.isEmpty()) {
for (Message message : messages) {
log.error(message.getText());
}
}
}
2、转换成具体的drl文件为
package rules.decision.tables;
import java.lang.StringBuilder;
import com.huan.drools.Student;
global java.lang.StringBuilder resultsInfo;
rule "student-score-name-1"
salience 65535
activation-group "score"
when
$stu: Student(name == "张三")
then
resultsInfo.append("张三特殊处理:");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
resultsInfo.append("优");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
end
rule "student-score_16"
salience 65534
activation-group "score"
when
$stu: Student(name == "李四", score > 0 && score < 60)
then
resultsInfo.append("李四部分特殊处理:");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
resultsInfo.append("一般");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
end
rule "student-score_17"
salience 65533
activation-group "score"
when
$stu: Student(score > 0 && score < 60)
then
resultsInfo.append("不及格");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
end
rule "student-score_18"
salience 65532
activation-group "score"
when
$stu: Student(score > 60 && score < 70)
then
resultsInfo.append("一般");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
end
rule "student-score_19"
salience 65531
activation-group "score"
when
$stu: Student(score > 70 && score < 90)
then
resultsInfo.append("良好");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
end
rule "student-score_20"
salience 65530
activation-group "score"
when
$stu: Student(score > 90 && score < 100)
then
resultsInfo.append("优");
System.out.println("规则:" + drools.getRule().getName() + " 执行了.");
end
从上方可以看出第一个规则 的规则名称 是不一样的,而且存在一些描述信息,这个是在决策表中特殊处理了。
7、测试
1、编写测试代码
package com.huan.drools;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.drools.decisiontable.InputType;
import org.drools.decisiontable.SpreadsheetCompiler;
import org.kie.api.KieServices;
import org.kie.api.builder.Message;
import org.kie.api.builder.Results;
import org.kie.api.io.Resource;
import org.kie.api.io.ResourceType;
import org.kie.api.runtime.KieContainer;
import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession;
import org.kie.internal.io.ResourceFactory;
import org.kie.internal.utils.KieHelper;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
@Slf4j
public class DroolsDecisionTableApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
decisionTable2Drl();
KieServices kieServices = KieServices.get();
KieContainer kieContainer = kieServices.newKieClasspathContainer();
invokedDecisionTable(kieContainer, new Student("张三", 20));
invokedDecisionTable(kieContainer, new Student("李四", 20));
invokedDecisionTable(kieContainer, new Student("李四", 75));
invokedDecisionTable(kieContainer, new Student("王五", 59));
invokedDecisionTable(kieContainer, new Student("赵六", 65));
invokedDecisionTable(kieContainer, new Student("钱七", 75));
invokedDecisionTable(kieContainer, new Student("李八", 95));
}
public static void invokedDecisionTable(KieContainer kieContainer, Student student) {
System.out.println("\r");
KieSession kieSession = kieContainer.newKieSession("ksession");
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
kieSession.setGlobal("resultsInfo", result);
kieSession.insert(student);
kieSession.fireAllRules();
kieSession.dispose();
System.out.println("规则执行结果:" + result);
}
public static void decisionTable2Drl() throws IOException {
Resource resource = ResourceFactory.newClassPathResource("rules/decision/tables/student-score.xlsx", "UTF-8");
InputStream inputStream = resource.getInputStream();
SpreadsheetCompiler compiler = new SpreadsheetCompiler();
String drl = compiler.compile(inputStream, InputType.XLS);
log.info("决策表转换的drl内容为:\r{}", drl);
KieHelper kieHelper = new KieHelper();
Results results = kieHelper.addContent(drl, ResourceType.DRL).verify();
List<Message> messages = results.getMessages(Message.Level.ERROR);
if (null != messages && !messages.isEmpty()) {
for (Message message : messages) {
log.error(message.getText());
}
}
}
}
2、测试结果
从上图中可知,我们的规则都正常执行了。
五、完整代码
https://gitee.com/huan1993/spring-cloud-parent/tree/master/drools/drools-decision-table
六、参考文档
1、https://docs.drools.org/7.69.0.Final/drools-docs/html_single/index.html#decision-tables-con_decision-tables
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