[Java知识库]springboot--任务

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 异步任务，定时任务，邮件发送

一，异步任务

方式一：创建一个class文件，名为AsyncService

package com.sqt.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @author mypc
 */
@Service
public class AsyncService {
   
    public void hello()  {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        System.out.println("数据正在处理。。。。。。");
    }

}

创建一个class文件，名为AsyncController

package com.sqt.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author mypc
 */
@RestController
public class AsyncController {
    @Autowired
    AsyncService asyncService;

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        asyncService.hello();//停止3s,转圈
        return "OK";
    }
}

然后在启动类调用

方式二（使用注解）:创建一个class文件，名为AsyncService，使用Asyncz注解

package com.sqt.service;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @author mypc
 */
@Service
public class AsyncService {
    //@Async告诉spring这是一个异步方法
    @Async
    public void hello()  {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        System.out.println("数据正在处理。。。。。。");
    }

}

然后，在启动类开启注解

@EnableAsync

package com.sqt;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;

/**
 * @author mypc
 */
//开启异步注解功能
@EnableAsync
@SpringBootApplication
public class Spring09TestApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Spring09TestApplication.class, args);
    }

}

二，邮件任务

（1）导入依赖javax.mail依赖，需要进行配置

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>

（2）配置application.properties文件

spring.mail.username=1738771095@qq.com
spring.mail.password=iupgkqczflncedea
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
#??????
spring.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true

（3）在测试启动类中编写（但是复杂邮件的图片找不到，文件确可以？）

package com.sqt;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

@SpringBootTest
class Spring09TestApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        //一个简单的邮件
        SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
        //邮件的主题
        mailMessage.setSubject("dfghjh");
        //邮件的正文
        mailMessage.setText("fghj");
        mailMessage.setTo("3219376551@qq.com");
        mailMessage.setFrom("1738771095@qq.com");
        mailSender.send(mailMessage);
    }
    @Test
    void contextLoads2() throws MessagingException {
        //一个复杂的邮件
        MimeMessage mailMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        //组装
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage, true);
        //设置主题
        helper.setSubject("fgh");
        //正文书写内容,true开启html的解析
        helper.setText("<p style='color:red'>非共和国gas</p>","true");
        helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\mypc\\Pictures\\精美\\1.jpg"));
        //helper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\mypc\\Desktop\\1.jpg"));
        helper.setTo("1738771095@qq.com");
        helper.setFrom("1738771095@qq.com");
        mailSender.send(mailMessage);
    }
   

}

org.springframework.mail.MailSendException: Failed messages: javax.mail.MessagingException: IOException while sending message;
  nested exception is:
	java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\Users\mypc\Desktop\1.jpg (系统找不到指定的文件。)
; message exception details (1) are:
Failed message 1:
javax.mail.MessagingException: IOException while sending message;
  nested exception is:
	java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\Users\mypc\Desktop\1.jpg (系统找不到指定的文件。)
	at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.sendMessage(SMTPTransport.java:1350)
	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:465)
	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:361)
	at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:356)
	at com.sqt.Spring09TestApplicationTests.contextLoads2(Spring09TestApplicationTests.java:44)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:725)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$7(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:214)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:210)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:135)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:66)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:151)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
	at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1259)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
	at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1259)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:107)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:86)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:86)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:53)
	at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:235)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\Users\mypc\Desktop\1.jpg (系统找不到指定的文件。)
	at java.io.FileInputStream.open0(Native Method)
	at java.io.FileInputStream.open(FileInputStream.java:195)
	at java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:138)
	at javax.activation.FileDataSource.getInputStream(FileDataSource.java:97)
	at javax.activation.DataHandler.writeTo(DataHandler.java:305)
	at javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart.writeTo(MimeBodyPart.java:1670)
	at javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart.writeTo(MimeBodyPart.java:972)
	at javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart.writeTo(MimeMultipart.java:537)
	at com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed.writeTo(multipart_mixed.java:66)
	at javax.activation.ObjectDataContentHandler.writeTo(DataHandler.java:889)
	at javax.activation.DataHandler.writeTo(DataHandler.java:317)
	at javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart.writeTo(MimeBodyPart.java:1670)
	at javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage.writeTo(MimeMessage.java:1889)
	at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.sendMessage(SMTPTransport.java:1300)
	... 73 more

发送图片的报错信息

三，定时任务

（1）在启动类上编写

@EnableScheduling开启定时任务的注解

（2）创建一个

ScheduledService类来进行注解的使用@Scheduled(cron = "")

cron中是一种表达式，可以在网上找到具体的样式，就不在此说明

package com.sqt.service;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @author mypc
 */
@Service

public class ScheduledService {
    //在特定的时间执行这个方法，timer,@Scheduled()使用定时任务的注解
    @Scheduled(cron = "0 0 2 1 * ? *")
    public void hello(){
        System.out.println("你被执行了");
    }
}