[Java知识库]springcloud 负载均衡 ribbon

springcloud 负载均衡 ribbon

注意：基于nacos注册中心的前提下进行负载均衡实现的

gitee地址：springcloud负载均衡

1.目录结构

2.maven依赖

父工程(springcloud-ribbon)依赖

    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.1.13.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- Spring Dependencies -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.13.RELEASE</version>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <type>pom</type>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Greenwich.SR6</version>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <type>pom</type>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <type>pom</type>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

所有子模块依赖

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3.负载模块(stock-ribbon)

3.1 配置application.yaml

server:
  port: 8200

spring:
  application:
    # 注册服务名称
    name: stock-ribbon
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        # nacos命名空间id
        namespace: ce76fe8c-3957-4cd5-85ab-d8f88fb20eef
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      # nacos地址
      server-addr: 192.168.153.199:8848

3.2 controller

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description 测试类
 * @date 2022/9/25 11:34
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
@RestController
public class StockController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String port;

    @GetMapping("/stock")
    public String order() {
        return "stock服务端口为:" + port;
    }
}

3.3 启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description 负载均衡服务端的启动类
 * @date 2022/9/25 16:53
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
public class StockApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StockApplication.class, args);
    }

}

3.4 使用idea启动两个服务

4.注解方式实现负载均衡(order-ribbon-annotation)

注意：实现策略不能够被启动类扫描到

4.1 配置application.yaml

server:
  port: 8000

spring:
  application:
    name: order-annotation-ribbon
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        namespace: ce76fe8c-3957-4cd5-85ab-d8f88fb20eef
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      server-addr: 192.168.153.199:8848

# ribbon 默认为懒加载模式，即用的时候才会去加载，需要设置启动加载配置如下
ribbon:
  eager-load:
    # 开启ribbon饥饿加载
    enabled: true
    # 配置mall‐user使用ribbon饥饿加载，多个使用逗号分隔
    clients: stock-ribbon

4.2 配置类

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description  注入随机的负载均衡方式启动类
 * @date 2022/9/25 12:00
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
@Configuration
public class RibbonRandomRuleConfig {

    /**
     * 注入随机负载均衡策略
     */
    @Bean
    public IRule iRule(){
        return new RandomRule();
    }

}

4.3 controller

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description 测试接口
 * @date 2022/9/25 11:32
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/requestStock")
    public List<String> requestOrder(){
        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));

        return result;
    }

}

4.4 启动类

import com.qq.ribbon.RibbonRandomRuleConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description 以注解的形式实现负载均衡
 * @date 2022/9/25 16:48
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
@RibbonClients({
        @RibbonClient(name = "stock-ribbon" , configuration = RibbonRandomRuleConfig.class)
})
public class OrderAnnotationApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderAnnotationApplication.class , args);
    }

    /**
     * 负载均衡的能力赋予
     */
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder){
        RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
        return restTemplate;
    }

}

4.5 启动服务

5.配置方式进行负载均衡(order-ribbon-config)

5.1配置application.yaml

server:
  port: 8100

spring:
  application:
    name: order-config-ribbon
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        namespace: ce76fe8c-3957-4cd5-85ab-d8f88fb20eef
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      server-addr: 192.168.153.199:8848

# ribbon 默认为懒加载模式，即用的时候才会去加载，需要设置启动加载配置如下
ribbon:
  eager-load:
    # 开启ribbon饥饿加载
    enabled: true
    # 配置mall‐user使用ribbon饥饿加载，多个使用逗号分隔
    clients: stock-ribbon

# 使用配置的形式进行设定负载均衡策略
stock-ribbon:
  ribbon:
#    # 指定使用Nacos提供的负载均衡策略（优先调用同一集群的实例，基于随机&权重）--- 自定义策略
#    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.qq.order.ribbon.rule.CustomRule
#    # 基于nacos权重，如果权重相等则是轮询
#    # 对负载的服务，进行权重配置spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.weight=1 , 或者直接在nacos   服务管理-->服务列表-->根据服务名单机详情-->根据ip和端口单机编辑-->修改权重
#    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.ribbon.NacosRule
    # 轮询
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule
#    # 随机
#    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule

5.2 配置类

import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.AbstractLoadBalancerRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.ILoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description 自己新建的的负载均衡策略
 * @date 2022/9/25 14:37
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
public class CustomRule extends AbstractLoadBalancerRule {

    @Override
    public Server choose(Object key) {

        ILoadBalancer loadBalancer = this.getLoadBalancer();

        //获得当前请求服务的实例
        List<Server> serverList = loadBalancer.getReachableServers();

        int random = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(serverList.size());

        Server server = serverList.get(random);

        //判断是否存活，一般情况下不会存在不存活的实例
//        if (server.isAlive()){
//
//        }

        return server;
    }

    @Override
    public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig clientConfig) {

    }
}

5.3 controller

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description 测试接口
 * @date 2022/9/25 11:32
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/requestStock")
    public List<String> requestOrder(){
        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));
        result.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-ribbon/stock", String.class));

        return result;
    }

}

5.4 启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * @author 黔程似景
 * @description 以配置的形式来实现负载均衡
 * @date 2022/9/25 16:45
 * @blame 黔程似景
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderConfigApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderConfigApplication.class, args);
    }

    /**
     * 负载均衡的能力赋予
     */
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder){
        RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
        return restTemplate;
    }

}

5.5 启动服务