本文来写个详细的例子来说下dubbo+nacos+springboot开发实战。本文不会讲述太多的理论的知识，会写一个最简单的例子来说明dubbo如何与nacos整合，快速搭建开发环境。
文章目录
-
环境准备
-
dubbo简介
-
Nacos环境准备
-
Nacos与dubbo整合
-
-
项目管理规范
-
dubbo整合nacos案例
-
创建公共接口模块
-
创建服务提供者模块
-
创建服务消费者模块
-
服务调用测试
-
-
本文小结
环境准备
dubbo简介
dubbo核心节点之间的调用关系
节点说明
调用关系说明
-
服务容器负责启动，加载，运行服务提供者。
-
服务提供者在启动时，向注册中心注册自己提供的服务。
-
服务消费者在启动时，向注册中心订阅自己所需的服务。
-
注册中心返回服务提供者地址列表给消费者，如果有变更，注册中心将基于长连接推送变更数据给消费者。
-
服务消费者，从提供者地址列表中，基于软负载均衡算法，选一台提供者进行调用，如果调用失败，再选另一台调用。
-
服务消费者和提供者，在内存中累计调用次数和调用时间，定时每分钟发送一次统计数据到监控中心。
Nacos环境准备
启动nacos，本文使用的是nacos1.4.3版本
打开nacos的控制面板
Nacos与dubbo整合
为了方便大家理解，这里写出对应的生产方、消费方 Demo 代码，以及使用的注册中心。
项目管理规范
springboot，netflix和cloud alibaba之间有版本之间的对应关系，本文选择的版本如下
dubbo和cloud alibaba之间有版本之间的对应关系，本文选择的版本如下
为了后续方便使用SpringCloud Alibaba进行开发，首先创建一个pom类型的父项目，主要用于项目技术栈版本管理，创建一个maven项目，名称为spring-cloud-alibaba-example，去除src文件，修改pom文件
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project?xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
?????????xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
?????????xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0?http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
????<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
????<groupId>ah.wideth</groupId>
????<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-example</artifactId>
????<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
????<parent>
????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
????????<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
????????<version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
????????<relativePath/>?<!--?lookup?parent?from?repository?-->
????</parent>
????<packaging>pom</packaging>
????<properties>
????????<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
????????<java.version>1.8</java.version>
????????<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
????????<com-alibaba-cloud.version>2.2.7.RELEASE</com-alibaba-cloud.version>
????</properties>
????<!--对项目版本进行管理-->
????<dependencyManagement>
????????<dependencies>
????????????<dependency>
????????????????<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
????????????????<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
????????????????<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
????????????????<type>pom</type>
????????????????<scope>import</scope>
????????????</dependency>
????????????<dependency>
????????????????<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
????????????????<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
????????????????<version>${com-alibaba-cloud.version}</version>
????????????????<type>pom</type>
????????????????<scope>import</scope>
????????????</dependency>
????????</dependencies>
????</dependencyManagement>
</project>
后续创建的项目都放到此目录下，只需要声明groupId和artifactId，会自动引用父项目spring-cloud-alibaba-example的版本。与其说是父项目，不如说是根项目: 因为下面每学习一个新的技术，就会新建一个真正的父项目，而在对应的父项目下面又会创建许多的子项目
dubbo整合nacos案例
本文的案例是在上文nacos开发实例的基础之上继续编写的。下面开始创建我们的项目，贴上我的目录结构。
模块说明
-
public-api公共接口模块（接口），供服务消费者和服务提供者调用。 -
dubbo-provider服务提供者模块（接口实现类），引入了public-api模块 -
dubbo-consumer服务消费者模块（controller），引入了public-api模块 -
消费者和提供者通过公共接口模块进行rpc远程调用
父工程pom文件
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project?xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"?xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
?????????xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0?https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
????<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
????<parent>
????????<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-example</artifactId>
????????<groupId>ah.wideth</groupId>
????????<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
????</parent>
????<modules>
????????<module>public-api</module>
????????<module>dubbo-provider</module>
????????<module>dubbo-consumer</module>
????</modules>
????<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-example</artifactId>
????<name>dubbo-nacos-example</name>
????<description>duboo与nacos整合的父工程</description>
????<packaging>pom</packaging>
????<properties>
????????<java.version>1.8</java.version>
????????<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
????????<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
????????<dubbo.version>2.7.13</dubbo.version>
????????<nacos.version>1.4.1</nacos.version>
????</properties>
????<dependencies>
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
????????????<!--解决nacos-client2.0报错的问题-->
????????????<exclusions>
????????????????<exclusion>
????????????????????<artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
????????????????????<groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
????????????????</exclusion>
????????????</exclusions>
????????</dependency>
????????<!--dubbo相关-->
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
????????????<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
????????</dependency>
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
????????????<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
????????</dependency>
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
????????????<version>${nacos.version}</version>
????????</dependency>
????????<!--?解决dubbo2.7.13jar包冲突问题-->
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>com.alibaba.spring</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
????????????<version>1.0.11</version>
????????</dependency>
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
????????????<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
????????????<exclusions>
????????????????<exclusion>
????????????????????<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
????????????????????<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
????????????????</exclusion>
????????????????<exclusion>
????????????????????<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
????????????????????<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
????????????????</exclusion>
????????????????<exclusion>
????????????????????<groupId>log4j</groupId>
????????????????????<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
????????????????</exclusion>
????????????</exclusions>
????????</dependency>
????????
????</dependencies>
</project>
创建公共接口模块
pom文件
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project?xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"?xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
?????????xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0?https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
????<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
????<parent>
????????<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-example</artifactId>
????????<groupId>ah.wideth</groupId>
????????<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
????</parent>
????<artifactId>public-api</artifactId>
????<name>public-api</name>
????<description>api公用接口</description>
????<packaging>jar</packaging>
????<properties>
????????<java.version>1.8</java.version>
????????<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
????????<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
????</properties>
????<dependencies>
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
????????</dependency>
????</dependencies>
????<build>
????????<plugins>
????????????<plugin>
????????????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
????????????????<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
????????????</plugin>
????????</plugins>
????</build>
</project>
公共接口模块里面只有一个接口，没有配置文件，打jar包
package?ah.wideth.api;
/**
?*?让生产者和服务消
?*?费者来使用这个接口
?*/
public?interface?InfoService?{
????String?getInfo();
}
创建服务提供者模块
pom文件
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project?xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"?xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
?????????xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0?https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
????<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
????<parent>
????????<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-example</artifactId>
????????<groupId>ah.wideth</groupId>
????????<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
????</parent>
????<artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
????<name>dubbo-provider</name>
????<description>dubbo的服务提供者模块</description>
????<properties>
????????<java.version>1.8</java.version>
????????<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
????????<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
????</properties>
????<dependencies>
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
????????</dependency>
????????<!--引入公共接口模块-->
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>public-api</artifactId>
????????????<version>${project.version}</version>
????????</dependency>
????</dependencies>
????<build>
????????<plugins>
????????????<plugin>
????????????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
????????????????<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
????????????</plugin>
????????</plugins>
????</build>
</project>
application.yml配置文件
server:
??port:?8180
spring:
??application:
????name:?dubbo-provider
dubbo:
??registry:
????address:?nacos://127.0.0.1:8848?#注册地址
??application:
????name:?dubbo-provider?#应用名
??protocol:
????name:?dubbo?#dubbo协议
????port:?20880?#协议端口
??scan:
????base-packages:?ah.wideth.impl?#扫包范围
??provider:
????timeout:?30000?#超时时间
接口实现类，该类实现了上面我们在公共接口模块创建的接口
package?ah.wideth.impl;
import?ah.wideth.api.InfoService;
import?org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import?org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
//?dubbo提供的Service注解，用于声明对外暴露服务
//?Service引入的是org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service包
@Component
@DubboService
public?class?InfoServiceImpl?implements?InfoService?{
????@Override
????public?String?getInfo()?{
????????return?"hello，这里是dubbo-provider模块！";
????}
}
服务提供者启动类
package?ah.wideth;
import?org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import?org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import?org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import?org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@EnableDubbo
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public?class?DubboProviderApplication?{
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{
????????SpringApplication.run(DubboProviderApplication.class,?args);
????????System.out.println("dubbo服务提供者8180启动了");
????}
}
创建服务消费者模块
pom文件
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project?xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"?xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
?????????xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0?https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
????<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
????<parent>
????????<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-example</artifactId>
????????<groupId>ah.wideth</groupId>
????????<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
????</parent>
????<artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
????<name>dubbo-consumer</name>
????<description>dubbo的服务消费者模块</description>
????<properties>
????????<java.version>1.8</java.version>
????????<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
????????<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
????</properties>
????<dependencies>
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
????????</dependency>
????????<!--引入公共接口模块-->
????????<dependency>
????????????<groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
????????????<artifactId>public-api</artifactId>
????????????<version>${project.version}</version>
????????</dependency>
????</dependencies>
????<build>
????????<plugins>
????????????<plugin>
????????????????<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
????????????????<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
????????????</plugin>
????????</plugins>
????</build>
</project>
application.yml配置文件
server:
??port:?8181
spring:
??application:
????name:?dubbo-consumer
dubbo:
??registry:
????address:?nacos://127.0.0.1:8848?#注册地址
??application:
????name:?dubbo-consumer?#应用名
??consumer:
????timeout:?30000?#超时时间
controller，调用公共接口模块创建的接口
package?ah.wideth.controller;
import?ah.wideth.api.InfoService;
import?org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import?org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import?org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public?class?InfoController?{
????//dumbo提供的Reference注解，用于调用远程服务
????@DubboReference(check?=?false)
????private?InfoService?infoService;
????@GetMapping("/getInfo")
????public?String?getInfo(){
????????return?infoService.getInfo();
????}
}
服务消费者启动类
package?ah.wideth;
import?org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import?org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import?org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import?org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@EnableDubbo
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public?class?DubboConsumerApplication?{
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{
????????SpringApplication.run(DubboConsumerApplication.class,?args);
????????System.out.println("dubbo服务消费者8181启动了");
????}
}
服务调用测试
打开Nacos控制面板查看注册中心中的服务
启动nacos，启动服务提供者和服务消费者，调用服务消费者的getInfo方法，服务提供者会返回结果