第一步,初始化webpack
npm init -y(生成package.json)
第二步,下载构建工具
npm i -D webpack webpack-cli typescript ts-loader
webpack:构建工具webpack
webpack-cli:webpack的命令行工具
typescript:ts的编译器
ts-loader:ts加载器,用于在webpack中编译ts文件
第三步,创建配置文件:webpack.config.js
const path = require('path')
module.exports = {
// mode: 'production',
mode: 'development',
entry: {
index: './src/index.ts',
detail: './src/detail.ts'
},
output: {
path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), // 指定打包文件的目录
filename: '[name].js' // 打包后文件的名称
},
// 指定webpack打包时要使用的模块
module: {
// 指定loader加载的规则
rules: [{
test: /\.ts$/, // 指定规则生效的文件:以ts结尾的文件
use: 'ts-loader', // 要使用的loader
exclude: /node-modules/ // 要排除的文件
}]
}, // 设置哪些文件类型可以作为模块被引用
resolve: {
extensions: ['.ts', '.js']
},
}
第四步,创建tsconfig.json
直接从别的地方拷贝过来的,可以根据需要自己修改;
{
"compilerOptions": {
/* Visit https://aka.ms/tsconfig.json to read more about this file */
/* Basic Options */
// "incremental": true, /* Enable incremental compilation */
"target": "es5", /* Specify ECMAScript target version: 'ES3' (default), 'ES5', 'ES2015', 'ES2016', 'ES2017', 'ES2018', 'ES2019', 'ES2020', or 'ESNEXT'. */
"module": "commonjs", /* Specify module code generation: 'none', 'commonjs', 'amd', 'system', 'umd', 'es2015', 'es2020', or 'ESNext'. */
// "lib": [], /* Specify library files to be included in the compilation. */
// "allowJs": true, /* Allow javascript files to be compiled. */
// "checkJs": true, /* Report errors in .js files. */
// "jsx": "preserve", /* Specify JSX code generation: 'preserve', 'react-native', 'react', 'react-jsx' or 'react-jsxdev'. */
// "declaration": true, /* Generates corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
// "declarationMap": true, /* Generates a sourcemap for each corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
// "sourceMap": true, /* Generates corresponding '.map' file. */
// "outFile": "./", /* Concatenate and emit output to single file. */
// "outDir": "./", /* Redirect output structure to the directory. */
// "rootDir": "./", /* Specify the root directory of input files. Use to control the output directory structure with --outDir. */
// "composite": true, /* Enable project compilation */
// "tsBuildInfoFile": "./", /* Specify file to store incremental compilation information */
// "removeComments": true, /* Do not emit comments to output. */
// "noEmit": true, /* Do not emit outputs. */
// "importHelpers": true, /* Import emit helpers from 'tslib'. */
// "downlevelIteration": true, /* Provide full support for iterables in 'for-of', spread, and destructuring when targeting 'ES5' or 'ES3'. */
// "isolatedModules": true, /* Transpile each file as a separate module (similar to 'ts.transpileModule'). */
/* Strict Type-Checking Options */
"strict": true, /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
// "noImplicitAny": true, /* Raise error on expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type. */
// "strictNullChecks": true, /* Enable strict null checks. */
// "strictFunctionTypes": true, /* Enable strict checking of function types. */
// "strictBindCallApply": true, /* Enable strict 'bind', 'call', and 'apply' methods on functions. */
// "strictPropertyInitialization": true, /* Enable strict checking of property initialization in classes. */
// "noImplicitThis": true, /* Raise error on 'this' expressions with an implied 'any' type. */
// "alwaysStrict": true, /* Parse in strict mode and emit "use strict" for each source file. */
/* Additional Checks */
// "noUnusedLocals": true, /* Report errors on unused locals. */
// "noUnusedParameters": true, /* Report errors on unused parameters. */
// "noImplicitReturns": true, /* Report error when not all code paths in function return a value. */
// "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true, /* Report errors for fallthrough cases in switch statement. */
// "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true, /* Include 'undefined' in index signature results */
// "noPropertyAccessFromIndexSignature": true, /* Require undeclared properties from index signatures to use element accesses. */
/* Module Resolution Options */
// "moduleResolution": "node", /* Specify module resolution strategy: 'node' (Node.js) or 'classic' (TypeScript pre-1.6). */
// "baseUrl": "./", /* Base directory to resolve non-absolute module names. */
// "paths": {}, /* A series of entries which re-map imports to lookup locations relative to the 'baseUrl'. */
// "rootDirs": [], /* List of root folders whose combined content represents the structure of the project at runtime. */
// "typeRoots": [], /* List of folders to include type definitions from. */
// "types": [], /* Type declaration files to be included in compilation. */
// "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, /* Allow default imports from modules with no default export. This does not affect code emit, just typechecking. */
"esModuleInterop": true, /* Enables emit interoperability between CommonJS and ES Modules via creation of namespace objects for all imports. Implies 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports'. */
// "preserveSymlinks": true, /* Do not resolve the real path of symlinks. */
// "allowUmdGlobalAccess": true, /* Allow accessing UMD globals from modules. */
/* Source Map Options */
// "sourceRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate TypeScript files instead of source locations. */
// "mapRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate map files instead of generated locations. */
// "inlineSourceMap": true, /* Emit a single file with source maps instead of having a separate file. */
// "inlineSources": true, /* Emit the source alongside the sourcemaps within a single file; requires '--inlineSourceMap' or '--sourceMap' to be set. */
/* Experimental Options */
// "experimentalDecorators": true, /* Enables experimental support for ES7 decorators. */
// "emitDecoratorMetadata": true, /* Enables experimental support for emitting type metadata for decorators. */
/* Advanced Options */
"skipLibCheck": true, /* Skip type checking of declaration files. */
"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true /* Disallow inconsistently-cased references to the same file. */
}
}
第五步,创建src里面的文件
如图所示:
第六步,然后安装常用插件;
配置plugins:
1、安装热更新插件。?html-webpack-plugin
? ? ? ? 安装:npm i -D html-webpack-plugin
? ? ? ? 引入并配置:
????????const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
????????
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
// title: "哈哈哈哈",
// 复制出来的html文件,会默认引入js代码
filename: "index.html",
// 要处理的html文件地址
template: "./src/index.html",
chunks: ['index']
}),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
// title: "哈哈哈哈",
// 复制出来的html文件,会默认引入js代码
filename: "detail.html",
// 要处理的html文件地址
template: "./src/detail.html",
chunks: ['detail']
})
? ? ? ? ?注意:html不可以热更新,只js可以
2、安装cross-env
? ? ? ? 安装:npm i -D html-webpack-plugin
? ? ? ? 配置:在package.json的 scripts 增加serve和build命令(根据自己习惯命名)
????????????????
"build": "cross-env NODE_ENV=production webpack",
"serve": "cross-env NODE_ENV=development webpack-dev-server"
3.安装clean-webpack-plugin
? ? ? ? 安装:npm?i -D?clean-webpack-plugin
? ? 配置:
const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require('clean-webpack-plugin') // clean插件
...
new CleanWebpackPlugin()
第六步,配置babel
为了使代码能够兼容不同的浏览器,我们需要使用babel工具(与webpack结合一起使用)
安装:npm i -D @babel/core @babel/preset-env babel-loader core-js
? ? ? ?????????
@babel/core:babel的核心工具
@babel/preset-env:babel的预设环境
babel-loader:babel与webpack结合的工具
core-js:模拟js运行环境,使老版本的浏览器支持新版es语法(比如Promise在ie11中不支持,添加 corejs配置会引入corejs中封装的Promise)
配置:
{
loader: 'babel-loader', // 指定加载器
// 设置babel
options: {
// 设置预定义的环境
presets: [
[
'@babel/preset-env', // 指定环境的插件
// 配置信息
{
targets: { chrome: 58, ie: 11 }, // 要兼容的目标浏览器及版本(ie11不支持es6语法,写上 ie: 11 打包时就会编译成支持到ie11)
corejs: 3, // 指定corejs的版本(根据package.json中的版本,只写整数)
useBuiltIns: 'usage' // 使用corejs的方式,'usage'表示按需加载
}
]
]
}
},
此时,打包后的代码就支持到Chrome58和ie11了。
注意:ie11不支持es6,如果使用了Promise,则需要引入corejs,它会将自带的封装好的Promise打包到最终的bundle.js中,使用corejs时将useBuiltIns设置为'usage'则为按需引入
最终的webpack.config.js
const path = require('path')
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require('clean-webpack-plugin')
module.exports = {
// mode: 'production',
mode: 'development',
// entry: './src/index.ts', // 指定入口文件
entry: {
index: './src/index.ts',
detail: './src/detail.ts'
},
output: {
path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), // 指定打包文件的目录
filename: '[name].js' // 打包后文件的名称
},
// 指定webpack打包时要使用的模块
module: {
// 指定loader加载的规则
rules: [{
test: /\.ts$/, // 指定规则生效的文件:以ts结尾的文件
// use: 'ts-loader', // 要使用的loader
// ts先由ts-loader转换成js文件,再由babel中target指定的浏览器版本,将js转成对应的语法。配置了babel后不需要考虑使用es5还是es6的版本了,在target中指定了需要兼容的浏览器版本,babel会自动帮我们转
use: [{
loader: 'babel-loader', // 指定加载器
// 设置babel
options: {
// 设置预定义的环境
presets: [
[
'@babel/preset-env', // 指定环境的插件
// 配置信息
{
targets: { chrome: 58, ie: 11 }, // 要兼容的目标浏览器及版本(ie11不支持es6语法,写上 ie: 11 打包时就会编译成支持到ie11)
corejs: 3, // 指定corejs的版本(根据package.json中的版本,只写整数)
useBuiltIns: 'usage' // 使用corejs的方式,'usage'表示按需加载
}
]
]
}
},
'ts-loader'
],
exclude: /node-modules/ // 要排除的文件
}]
}, // 设置哪些文件类型可以作为模块被引用
resolve: {
extensions: ['.ts', '.js']
},
plugins: [
new CleanWebpackPlugin(),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
// title: "哈哈哈哈",
// 复制出来的html文件,会默认引入js代码
filename: "index.html",
// 要处理的html文件地址
template: "./src/index.html",
chunks: ['index']
}),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
// title: "哈哈哈哈",
// 复制出来的html文件,会默认引入js代码
filename: "detail.html",
// 要处理的html文件地址
template: "./src/detail.html",
chunks: ['detail']
})
]
}
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