准备

为什么爬取奥特曼，以前不需要我多说了吧~~~~
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首先准备一个网址，我也是拿出自己的资源来，给大家送福利啊 -->> 奥特曼url

代码实现

大致思路~~帮助大家理解代码
一个总网址爬取到所有奥特曼，然后分别爬取每个奥特曼的每一集，requests大家应该都很熟悉，这里介绍一下xpath使用

xpath使用

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在网址找到需要爬取的数据，就可以copy到xpath，这里xpath相当于正则表达式，但是却比正则表达式简单的多。

import requests
from lxml import etree
import time


class Spider:
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = "https://tv.ci/sb/ke7nhZe3c1-.html?wd=%E5%A5%A5%E7%89%B9%E6%9B%BC&submit="
        self.headers = {
            "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.61 Safari/537.36"}

    def get_all_html(self):
        count = 1
        while True:
            try:
                print(f"总url第{count}次请求")
                count += 1
                response = requests.get(self.url, headers=self.headers, timeout=5)
            except Exception:
                time.sleep(3)
            else:
                text = response.content.decode()
                return text

    def get_all_url(self, text):
        html = etree.HTML(text)
        href = html.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/ul/li[*]/div[2]/h4/a/@href')
        name = html.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/ul/li[*]/div[2]/h4/a/text()')
        dict_text = dict(zip(name, [f"https://tv.ci/{i}" for i in href]))
        print("所有url已爬取")
        return dict_text

    def get_html(self, name, url):
        count = 1
        while True:
            try:
                print(f"{name}第{count}次请求")
                count += 1
                response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers, timeout=5)
            except Exception:
                time.sleep(3)
            else:
                text = response.content.decode()
                return text

    def get_url(self, url, text):
        html = etree.HTML(text)
        href = html.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[1]/ul/li[*]/a/@href')
        name = html.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[2]/div[1]/ul/li[*]/a/text()')
        dict_text = dict(zip(name, [f"https://tv.ci/{i}" for i in href]))
        return dict_text

    # def get_data(self, name, url):
    #     count = 1
    #     while True:
    #         try:
    #             print(f"{name}第{count}次请求")
    #             count += 1
    #             response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers, timeout=5)
    #         except Exception:
    #             time.sleep(3)
    #         else:
    #             text = response.content.decode()
    #             return text

    # def save_data(self, name, url):
    #     text = f"{name}\n"
    #     with open("./00文件夹/url/奥特曼.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    #         f.write(name, url)

    def run(self):
        url_text = ""
        # 获取主页html
        all_html = self.get_all_html()
        # 获取所有奥特曼url
        dict_all_url = self.get_all_url(all_html)
        for name, url in dict_all_url.items():
            html = self.get_html(name, url)
            dict_url = self.get_url(url, html)
            url_text += name + "\n" + str(dict_url) + "\n"
            # for name_other, url_other in dict_url:
            #     # self.get_data()
            #     self.save_data(name_other, url_other)
            print(f"{name}已爬取")
        with open("./00文件夹/url/奥特曼.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            f.write(url_text)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    spider = Spider()
    spider.run()