[Python知识库]青空的Python参考题库

1.猜年龄

for i in list(range(10,30)):
    i3 = i*i*i
    i4 = i3*i
    result = 0
    if (i3 >= 1000 and i3 <=10000)and(i4 >= 100000 and i4 < 1000000):
        sum34 = str(i3)+str(i4)
        for j in list(range(0, 10)):
            if sum34.count(str(j)) > 1 or sum34.count(str(j)) == 0: 
                result = 0
                break
            elif sum34.count(str(j)) == 1:
                result = i
        if(result==i):
            print(result)
            Break

2.英寸和厘米的交互（升级版）

data=input()
length=len(data)
end=0
if data[-1]=='I' or data[-1]=='i':
   num=float(data[:-1])
   end=num*2.54
   print("{:.2f}".format(end) +"cm")
elif data[-1]=='c':
   num=float(data[:-1])
   end=num/2.54
   print("{:.2f}".format(end)+"inch")
if end==0:
   
   if data[-4:]=='inch':
       num=float(data[:-4])
       end=num*2.54
       print("{:.2f}".format(end) +"cm")
   else:
       num=float(data[:-2])
       if data[-2:]=='cm':
           end=num/2.54
           print("{:.2f}".format(end) +"inch")
if end==0:
   print("输入错误。")

3.存款利息/计算利息

amount = int(input())
year = int(input())
rate = float(input())
amounts = amount
for i in range(year):
    amounts = amounts*(1 + rate)
result = amounts - amount
print('利息={:.2f}'.format(result))

4.判断字符串结尾

s = input('')
if len(s)<2:
    print("NO")
else:
    if s[-2:] == "PY":
        print("YES")
    else:
        print("NO")

5.统计单词的数量/统计字符串中单词数量

import string
s = input()
if s[0] == ' ':
    count = 0
else:
    count = 1
for i in range(len(s)):
    if s[i] == ' ' and s[i+1] in string.ascii_letters+string.digits:
        count = count + 1
print(count)

6.反转一个整数

num = input()
if num[0] == '-':
    num = str(num[1:])[::-1]
    print('-{}'.format(int(num)))
else:
print(int(num[::-1]))

7.各位数字之和为5的数

def fun(a):
    d = str(a)
    if sum([int(j) for j in d]) == 5:
        print(d, end=' ')

a = eval(input())
for i in range(a + 1):
fun(i)

8.判断数值类型

a=input()
b=list(a)

if b.count('.')==1 and b.count('j')==0 and b.count('J')==0:
    print('浮点数')
elif b.count('j')==1 or b.count('J')==1:
    print('复数')
else:
print('整数')

9.分类统计字符

nums = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
for i in input():
    if i.islower(): nums[0] += 1
    elif i.isupper(): nums[1] += 1
    elif i.isdigit(): nums[2] += 1
    elif i == ' ': nums[3] += 1
    else: nums[-1] += 1
print('{} {} {} {} {}'.format(nums[0], nums[1], nums[2], nums[3], nums[4]))

10.一元二次方求根

from math import*
a=eval(input())
b=eval(input())
c=eval(input())
if a==0:
    if b==0:
        print("Data error!")
    else:
     print('{:.2f}'.format(-c/b))
else:
    if b**2-4*a*c>=0:
        x1=(-b-sqrt(b**2-4*a*c))/(2*a)
        x2=(-b+sqrt(b**2-4*a*c))/(2*a)
        if x1>x2:
           print("{:.2f} {:.2f}".format(x1,x2))
        elif x1<x2:
           print("{:.2f} {:.2f}".format(x2,x1))
        else:
           print('{:.2f}'.format(x1))
    else:
     print("该方程无实数解")

11.判断三角形并计算面积

from math import *
a=eval(input())
b=eval(input())
c=eval(input())
if (a+b)>c and (a+c)>b and (c+b)>a:
    print('YES')
    p=(a+b+c)/2
    s=sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c))
    print('{:.2f}'.format(s))
else:
    print('NO')

12.绩点计算

a={'A':4.0,'A-':3.7,'B+':3.3,'B':3.0,'B-':2.7,'C+':2.3,'C':2.0,'C-':1.5,'D':1.3,'D-':1.0,'F':0}
creditSum,gapSum=0,0
while True:
    grade=input()
    if grade=='-1':
        break;
    else:
        if grade in a:
                credit=eval(input())
                gapSum+=credit*a[grade]
                creditSum+=credit
gapAve=gapSum/creditSum
print('{:.2f}'.format(gapAve))

13.与7无关的数

n = eval(input())
list = []
for i in range(1,n):
    if i %7 != 0:
        if (i%10) != 7 :
            list.append(i)
print(list)
sum = 0
for i in range(len(list)):
    sum = sum + list[i]**2
print(sum)

14.分数数列求前n项和

n=int(input())
x,y,sum=1.0,2.0,0
for i in range(n):
    sum+=y/x
    t=y
    y+=x
    x=t
print(sum)

15.兔子繁殖问题

def fib(n):
   if n==1 or n==2:
       return 1
   else:
       return fib(n-1)+fib(n-2)

a=int(input())
print(f'{fib(a)} {(fib(a-1)/fib(a)):.3f}')

16.判断素数函数

def isPrime(n):
    for i in range(2,int(n**0.5)+1):
        if n%i==0:
            return 0
    return 1
    
num = int(input())
for i in range(2,num+1):
    if isPrime(i)==1:
        print(i,end=' ')

17.用户登录（字典）

dic={"aaa":'123456',"bbb":'888888',"ccc":'333333'}
x=3
n=input()
if n in dic:
    while x>0:
        a=input()
        if a==dic[n]:
            print("Success")
            break
        else:
            x-=1
            if x>0:
                print("Fail,{} Times Left".format(x))
    if x==0:
        print("Login Denied")
else:
print("Wrong User")

18.整数阶乘组合计算

from math import *
n,a=map(int,input().split(','))
jc=factorial(n)
l=int(log(jc,a))
while l>=0:
    if(jc%a**l==0 and jc%a**(l+1)!=0):
        print(l)
        break
    else:
        l=l-1

19.身份证号升位

x=eval(input())
list1=list(str(x))
if int(list1[6])+int(list1[7]) >= 5 :
    list1.insert(6,9)
    list1.insert(6,1)
else :
    list1.insert(6,0)
    list1.insert(6,2)
i=0
s=0
list2=[7,9,10,5,8,4,2,1,6,3,7,9,10,5,8,4,2]
while i < 17 :
    s+=int(list1[i])*int(list2[i])
    i+=1
n=s%11
list3=[1,0,'X',9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2]
list1.append(list3[n])
for i in range(0,len(list1)):
    list1[i]=str(list1[i])
print(''.join(list1))

20.判断火车票座位

seat = input()
carriageNo = int(seat.split(seat[-1])[0])
SEAT_LOC = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'F', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'f']
if  1<= carriageNo <= 17 and seat[-1] in SEAT_LOC:
    if seat[-1] in ['A', 'F', 'a', 'f']: print('窗口')
    elif seat[-1] in ['C', 'D', 'c', 'd']: print('过道')
    else: print('中间')
else:
    print('输入错误')

21.字符串操作

line1=input()
line2=int(input())
line3=input()
for i in range(line2):
    print(line1,end='')
print(f'\n{line3[0:4]}年{line3[5:7]}月{line3[8:10]}日')
for i in range(line2):
print(line1,end='')

22.百分制成绩转换五分制

a=eval(input())
if a>=90:
    print('A')
elif a>=80:
    print('B')
elif a>=70:
    print('C')
elif a>=60:
    print('D')
else:
    print('E')

23.光棍节快乐

a=eval(input())
b=bin(a)
c=list(b)
print(c.count('1'))

24.求e的近似值B

def jc(n):
    sum = 1
    for i in range(3,n+1):
        sum = sum * (i-1)
    return sum
def e(n):
    sum = 0
    for i in range(1,n+1):
        sum += 1/jc(i)
    return sum
j = float(input())
n = 0
while True:
    n += 1
    if e(n+1)-e(n) < j:
        print("{:.8f}".format(e(n+1)))
        Break

25.计算圆周率

n=eval(input())
a=1
for i in range(1,1000000):
    if (1/(2*i+1))>=n:
        a=((-1)**i)*(1/(2*i+1))+a
    else:
        break
pi=a*4
print("{:.6f}".format(pi))

26.字符串去重排序

s=list(input())
new_s = []
for i in s:
    if i not in new_s:
        new_s.append(i)
print("".join((lambda x:(x.sort(),x)[1])(list(new_s))))

27.哥德巴赫猜想

def IsPrime(n):
    flag=True
    for i in range(2,n-1+1):
        if n%i==0:
            flag=False
            break
    return flag
def GedeGuess(n):
    for i in range(2,n-2+1):
        if IsPrime(i)==True and IsPrime(n-i)==True:
            print(f'{n}={i}+{n-i}')

for i in range(6,21,2):
   GedeGuess(i)

28.二分法求平方根A

from math import *
def sqrt_binary(n):
    low,high=0,n
    while True:
        mid=(high+low)/2
        if fabs(mid**2-n)<=1e-6:
            return mid
        elif (mid**2-n)<0:
            low=mid
        else:
            high=mid

n=eval(input())
print(sqrt_binary(n))
print(sqrt(n))

29.身份证号批量升位

def id15218(id15):
    Wi=[7,9,10,5,8,4,2,1,6,3,7,9,10,5,8,4,2]
    after=['1','0','X','9','8','7','6','5','4','3','2']
    if int(id15[6:8])>=5:
        id17=id15[:6]+'19'+id15[6:]
    else:
        id17=id15[:6]+'20'+id15[6:]
    s,j=0,0
    for i in id17:
        s=s+int(i)*int(Wi[j])
        j=j+1
    id18=id17+after[s%11]
    return id18

n = int(input())
with open('id15.txt','r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
    for i in range(n):
        line = file.readline()
        new=line.replace(line[0:15],id15218(line[0:15]))
        print(new.strip())

30.统计词数

import jieba
s = input()
n = len(s)
m = len(jieba.lcut(s))
print("中文字符数为{}，中文词语数为{}。".format(n, m))

31.今天是第几天

date=input()
ls=date.split('/')
year=int(ls[0])
month=int(ls[1])
day=int(ls[2])
day_month = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
if year % 400 == 0 or (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0):
    day_month[1] = 29
if month == 1:
    n=day
else:
    n=sum(day_month[0: month - 1]) + day
print('{}年{}月{}日是{}年第{}天'.format(year,month,day,year,n))

32.个税计算器

money = eval(input())
res = 0
disMoney = money-5000

if money < 0:
    print('error')
else:
    if disMoney < 0:
        pass
    elif disMoney <= 3000:
        res = disMoney*0.03
    elif disMoney <= 12000:
        res = disMoney*0.1-210
    elif disMoney <= 25000:
        res = disMoney*0.2-1410
    elif disMoney <= 35000:
        res = disMoney*0.25-2660
    elif disMoney <= 55000:
        res = disMoney*0.3-4410
    elif disMoney <= 80000:
        res = disMoney*0.35-7160
    else:
        res = disMoney*0.45-15160
    print('应缴税款{:.2f}元，实发工资{:.2f}元。'.format(res,money-res))

33.汉诺塔

def move(n,A,B,C):
    if n == 1:
        print(A,'-->',C)
    else:
        move(n-1,A,C,B)
        print(A,'-->',C)
        move(n-1,B,A,C)
n=int(input())
A,B,C=input().split()
move(n,A,B,C)

34.查询高校名

with open('university.csv','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    ls = f.readlines()
    name=input()
    for i in ls:
        if name in i.split(',')[1]:
            print( i.split(',')[1])

35.校验身份证号码并输出个人信息

36.程序编写：numpy 访问数组数据描述

import numpy as np
L=[[ 2.73351472,  0.47539713,  3.63280356,  1.4787706 ,  3.13661701],
       [ 1.40305914,  2.27134829,  2.73437132,  1.88939679,  0.0384238 ],
       [ 1.56666697, -0.40088431,  0.54893762,  3.3776724 ,  2.27490386]]
arr=np.array(L)
arr1=arr[:,[1]]
arr2=arr[1:,[2,3,4]]
arr3=arr[[0,0,2,2],[1,3,1,3]]
arr4=arr[(arr>=2.5)&(arr<=3.5)]
arr5=arr[(arr<0)|(arr>3)]

print("arr1=",arr1)
print("arr2=",arr2)
print("arr3=",arr3)
print("arr4=",arr4)
print("arr5=",arr5)

37.鸡兔同笼B

n = int(input())  
l=list()
for i in range(n):
    a=int(input())
    if a%2!=0:
        min=max=0
    else:
        j=a/4
        i=a%4/2
        min=int(i+j)
        max=int(a/2)
    l+=[(min,max)]
   
for b,c in l:
    print (b,c)

38.《白鹿原》词频统计

import jieba
f = open("白鹿原.txt")
ls = jieba.lcut(f.read())
d = {}
for w in ls:
    d[w] = d.get(w, 0) + 1
maxc = 0
maxw = ""
for k in d:
    if d[k] > maxc and len(k)>2:
        maxc = d[k]
        maxw = k
    if d[k]== maxc and len(k)>2 and k>maxw:
        maxw = k
print(maxw)
f.close()

39.统计学生平均成绩与及格人数

scores = list(map(eval, input().split(' ')))
arg = sum(scores) / len(scores)
scount = 0
for i in scores:
    if i >= 60:
        scount += 1
print('average = {:.1f}'.format(arg))
print('count = {}'.format(scount))

40.实例5：身体质量指数BMI

h,w = map(eval, input().split(','))
check = w / (h ** 2)
res = ['', '']
if check < 18.5:
    res[0] = res[1] = '偏瘦'
elif 18.5 <= check < 24:
    res[0] = res[1] = '正常'
elif 24 <= check < 25:
    res[0] = '正常'
    res[1] = '偏胖'
elif 25 <= check < 28:
    res[0] = res[1] = '偏胖'
elif 28 <= check < 30:
    res[0] = '偏胖'
    res[1] = '肥胖'
else:
    res[0] = res[1] = '肥胖'
print('BMI数值为:{:.2f}'.format(check))
print("BMI指标为:国际'{}',国内'{}'".format(res[0], res[1]))