Django 框架自带了单元测试工具，利用该工具，我们可以方便地对单元进行错误检查，以提高项目的质量。
在 Django 框架中，当新建一个应用时，会默认新建一个用于单元测试的 test.py 文件，我们的单元测试代码就写在 test.py 里。
一个简单的测试案例
在建立user应用，user应用中书写一个测试案例：
| from django.test import TestCase # Create your tests here. def add(a,b): ????return a + b if __name__ == '__main__': ????c = add(1,2) ????assert c == 3 ????c = add(1.0,2) ????assert c == 3.0 ????c = add(3,5) ????assert c == 9.0 |
右击，点击运行该test.py文件，用例不通过则会报错：
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???????使用unittest模块
Unittest模块的测试用例，默认必须以test_开头，否则找不到用例，该用例不执行。
| from django.test import TestCase import unittest # Create your tests here. def add(a,b): ????return a + b class AddTest(unittest.TestCase): ????def test_init(self): ????????self.assertEqual(add(1,2),3) ????def test_float(self): ????????self.assertEqual(add(1.0, 2), 3.0) ????def test_err(self): ????????self.assertEqual(add(3,5),9.0) if __name__ == '__main__': ????unittest.main() |
运行：
结果要比自己写assert要清晰?
???????使用django内置的单元测试
Django.test中的TestCase其实是unittest的子类，因此在使用时，用例也必须以test_开头，否则会出现找不到用例的情况。
案例一：简单使用
| from django.test import TestCase from .models import User # Create your tests here. class simpleCase(TestCase): ????# 测试之前 ????def setUp(self): ????????# 测试模型-测试类型的数据是不会放入到你的数据库里面的 ????????User.objects.create(username='lili',password='123456',email='270108125@qq.com',is_active=False) ????def test_model_add(self): ????????user = User.objects.get(username='lili') ????????self.assertIsNot(user,None) |
在项目目录下，运行：python manage.py test
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将查询用户名改为：lili1,即查询不到。
| def test_model_add(self): ????user = User.objects.get(username='lili1') ????self.assertIsNot(user,None) |
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案例二:登录验证
用代码访问网址的方法：
| from django.test import Client c = Client() response = c.post('/login/', {'username': 'john', 'password': 'smith'}) response.status_code response = c.get('/customer/details/') response.content |
测试登录：
| import hashlib from django.test import TestCase from .models import User from django.test import Client # Create your tests here. class simpleCase(TestCase): ????# 测试之前 ????def setUp(self): ????????# 测试模型 ????????sha256 = hashlib.sha256() ????????sha256.update('12345678'.encode('utf-8')) ????????comparePwd = sha256.hexdigest() ????????User.objects.create(username='lili',password=comparePwd,email='270108125@qq.com',is_active=False) ????????self.client = Client() ????def test_model_add(self): ????????user = User.objects.get(username='lili') ????????self.assertIsNot(user,None) ????def test_get_login(self): ????????response = self.client.get('/login/') ????????self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200) ????def test_post_login_1(self): ????????self.client.post('/login/', {'user_name': 'lili', 'pwd': '12345678'}) ????????sess = self.client.session.get('is_login', None) ????????self.assertEqual(sess, 1) ????def test_post_login_2(self): ????????self.client.post('/login/', {'user_name': 'yuanyuan1', 'pwd': '12345678'}) ????????sess = self.client.session.get('is_login', None) ????????self.assertEqual(sess, None) |
登录的视图实现：
| def login(request): ????if request.method == 'GET': ????????return render(request,'login.html') ????else: ????????username = request.POST.get('user_name') ????????password = request.POST.get('pwd') ????????sha256 = hashlib.sha256() ????????sha256.update(password.encode('utf-8')) ????????comparePwd = sha256.hexdigest() ????????user = User.objects.filter(username=username,password=comparePwd) ????????if not user: ????????????print("1-----") ????????????return render(request, 'login.html', { ????????????????'errMsg': '用户名和密码不正确' ????????????}) ????????else: ????????????print("0-----") ????????????request.session['is_login'] = 1 ????????????request.session['user_name'] = username ????????????return HttpResponseRedirect('/index/') |