[Python知识库]Django--007 DRF-serializers和view的灵活应用

代码

• projects.serializers

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @File : serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from projects.models import Projects
from interfaces.models import Interfaces


class ProjectsModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    模型序列化器
    """

    class Meta:
        model = Projects
        exclude = ('update_time', 'is_delete')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'create_time', 'update_time')


class ProjectsNameModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    定义获取项目id和name的序列化器
    """

    class Meta:
        model = Projects
        fields = ('id', 'name')


class InterfacesNameModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    定义获取接口id和name的序列化器
    """

    class Meta:
        model = Interfaces
        fields = ('id', 'name')


class InterfacesByProjectIdModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    定义获取项目下所有接口id和name的序列化器
    """
    interfaces = InterfacesNameModelSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Projects
        fields = ('interfaces')

• projects.views

# views.py
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from projects.models import Projects
from interfaces.models import Interfaces
from projects import serializers


class ProjectViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Projects.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializers.ProjectsModelSerializers
    ordering_fields = ['id', 'name', 'leader']
    filterset_fields = ['id', 'name', 'leader']
    lookup_field = 'id'

    # url_path: 指定路径，默认为action名称，即names
    # url_names: 指定名称，默认为action名称，即names
    # detail: 详情，请求列表时需要设置为False
    @action(methods=['GET'], detail=False, url_name='url_name', url_path='names')
    def names(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        获取所有的项目id和名称
        访问： http://127.0.0.1:8000/projects/names/
        """
        qs = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
        # 获取分页后的查询集
        page = self.paginate_queryset(qs)
        if page is not None:
            # 序列化
            serializer = self.get_serializer(instance=page, many=True)
            # 如果存在分页，则返回分页的值
            return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data)
        serializer = self.get_serializer(instance=qs, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

    @action(methods=['GET'], detail=True)
    def interfaces(self, request, id=None):
        """
        获取某个项目下所有的接口id和名称
        访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/projects/1/interfaces/
        """
        # 方式一： 使用序列化器
        qs = self.get_object()
        serializer = self.get_serializer(instance=qs)
        return Response(serializer.data)
        # # 方式二： 不使用序列化器方式
        # interface_objs = Interfaces.objects.filter(project_id=id, is_delete=False)
        # one_list = []
        # for obj in interface_objs:
        #     one_list.append({
        #         'id': obj.id,
        #         'name': obj.name
        #     })
        # return Response(data=one_list)

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == 'names':
            return serializers.ProjectsNameModelSerializer
        elif self.action == 'interfaces':
            return serializers.InterfacesByProjectIdModelSerializer
        else:
            return self.serializer_class