[Python知识库]uwsgi + nginx 部署python Flask项目

uwsgi + nginx 部署python Flask项目

参考：

https://www.runoob.com/django/django-nginx-uwsgi.html

https://www.jianshu.com/p/6452596c4edb

1.基本流程

# 安装flask
$ pip install flask

然后写一个简单的服务，我就写一个控制直播推流的开关

from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)

global status

@app.route('/on')
def turn_on():
    global status
    status = 1
    return 'living server is on!'

@app.route('/off')
def turn_off():
    global status
    status = 0
    return 'living server is off!'

@app.route('/status')
def live_status():
   global status
   return str(status);

if __name__ == '__main__':
    global status
    status = 1 ;
    app.run()
		

写好之后可以在本地跑起来试试，端口默认5000

然后安装uwsgi

$ pip install uwsgi

在/usr/local路径下建立目录写配置文件uwgsi.ini

(我们新建文件夹uwsgi_script用来放uwsgi信息)

socket          = 127.0.0.1:7100
chdir           = /usr/local/live
wsgi-file       = server.py
callable        = app 
processes       = 4
vacuum          = true
master          = true

再写nginx配置

server {
    
    listen 8080;
    
    server_name data.migelab.com;
    charset utf-8;
    
    client_max_body_size 75M;
    
    location / { 
 
        include uwsgi_params;                       # 导入uwsgi配置 
    
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:7100;                  # 转发端口，需要和uwsgi配置当中的监听端口一致
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_PYTHON /usr/bin/python3;  
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /usr/local/live;    # 项目根目录
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT server:app;           
    }   
}

# 启动nginx	
./nginx

#	启动uwsgi
uwsgi --ini /usr/local/live/uwsgi_script/uwsgi.ini &

2.功能升级

主要是升级两个内容：加入使用POST和GET方法；

? 返回 JSON对象的响应；

? 管理一个视频流升级为管理多个视频流

JSON格式响应：

参考链接：https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/api/#flask.Flask.response_class

? https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41665106/article/details/105599235

使用JSON格式去响应前端的请求：

@app.route('/on', methods=['POST','GET'])
def turn_on():
    global status
    if request.method =='POST':
       camera = request.form['camera']
       print(camera)
       if camera != KeyError:
           status[int(camera)] = 1
           response = make_response({
               'status':'success',
               'code':'200',
               'ERROR':''
           },200)
           response.headers={
               'content-type':'JSON'
            }
           return response
       else :
           response =  make_response({
               'status': 'fail',
               'code': '400',
               'ERROR':'camera code error!'
            },400)
           response.headers = {
               'content-type': 'JSON'
           }
           return response
    else:
        response = make_response({
            'status': 'fail',
            'code': '500',
            'ERROR': 'GET method error!'
        }, 500)
        response.headers = {
            'content-type': 'JSON'
        }
        return response

# 解决问题：如何构建响应
#          如何带参数

处理异常：

#   异常类
global InvalidUsage
class InvalidUsage(Exception):
    status_code = 400

    def __init__(self,message,status_code=400):
        Exception.__init__(self)
        self.message = message
        self.status_code = status_code

@app.errorhandler(InvalidUsage)
def invalid_usage(error):
    response = make_response(error.message)
    response.status_code = error.status_code
    return response

使用了抛出异常之后，之前的响应代码就简化了许多：

@app.route('/on', methods=['POST','GET'])
def turn_on():
    global status
    if request.method =='POST':
       camera = request.form['camera']
       print(camera)
       if camera != KeyError:
           status[int(camera)] = 1
           response = make_response({
               'status':'success',
               'code':'200',
               'ERROR':''
           },200)
           response.headers={
               'content-type':'JSON'
            }
           return response
       else :
           raise InvalidUsage('camera code is inValid or empty', status_code=400)
    else:
        raise InvalidUsage('GET method is InValid',status_code = 403)