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requests.get()：这个方法是我们平时最常用构造的方法之一
最通常的方法是通过r=request.get（url）构造一个向服务器请求资源的url对象。这个对象是Request库内部生成的。r返回的是一个包含服务器资源的Response对象，包含了从服务器返回的所有的相关资源。
r=requests.get(url,params,**kwargs)
参数解释：
- url: 需要爬取的网站地址。
- params: url中的额外参数，字典或者字节流格式，是可选参数。
- **kwargs : 12个控制访问的参数
具体实践：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests
#构造一个get请求
response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com")
#response对象有以下属性
#获得响应状态码
print(response.status_code)
#获得url地址
print(response.url)
response.enconding = 'utf-8'
#response.content.decode("utf-8)和response.encoding="utf-8"的方式都可以避免乱码的问题发生
print(response.content.decode("utf-8"))
#获得文本，response.text返回的是Unicode格式，通常需要转换为utf-8格式，否则就是乱码
print(response.text)
#获得二进制流
print(response.content)
#获得页面请求头信息
print(response.headers)
#获得具体某个字段的值，比如Connection
print(response.headers['Connection'])
#获得cookies信息
print(response.cookies)
#获得cookies信息转换成字典
print(response.cookies.get_dict())
#获得字符编码
print(response.enconding)
#访问时间
print(response.elapsed)
运行结果?
200
https://www.baidu.com/
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