[Python知识库]python单例模式&selenium driver实现单例

一、使用装饰器实现单例

def Singleton(cls):
    _instance = {}

    def _singleton(*args, **kargs):
        if cls not in _instance:
            _instance[cls] = cls(*args, **kargs)
        return _instance[cls]

    return _singleton


@Singleton
class A(object):
    a = 1

    def __init__(self, x=0):
        self.x = x


a1 = A(2)
a2 = A(3)

二、web自动化driver实现单例模式

2.1 编写单例模式的装饰器

singleton.py

#coding:utf-8
#单例模式函数，用来修饰类
def singleton(cls,*args,**kw):
    instances = {}
    def _singleton():
        if cls not in instances:
            instances[cls] = cls(*args,**kw)
        return instances[cls]
    return _singleton

2.2 driver 使用装饰器，实现单例模式

GetSeleniumDriver.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from singleton import singleton
@singleton
class GetSeleniumDriver(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()

2.3 获取driver的实例，就是单例了

class My_task(RES):
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver=GetSeleniumDriver().driver

    def Making_task_Button(self):
        Making_task_Button=self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(RES.Making_task_Button_xpth)
        return Making_task_Button

    def Audit_task_Button(self):
        Audit_task_Button=self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(RES.Audit_task_Button_xpth)
        return Audit_task_Button

三、在自动化项目中具体的应用

3.1项目结构

?一、工具层 Utils

1? singleton.py 是单例装饰器

#coding:utf-8
#单例模式函数，用来修饰类
def singleton(cls,*args,**kw):
    instances = {}
    def _singleton():
        if cls not in instances:
            instances[cls] = cls(*args,**kw)
        return instances[cls]
    return _singleton

2?GetSeleniumDriver.py? driver实现单例

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from Utils.singleton import singleton
@singleton
class GetSeleniumDriver(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()

二、页面元素层 TsetSharelab

My_task.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from Utils.GetSeleniumDriver import GetSeleniumDriver


class My_task():
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver=GetSeleniumDriver().driver

    def Making_task_Button(self):
        Making_task_Button=self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div/a[1]')
        return Making_task_Button

    def Audit_task_Button(self):
        Audit_task_Button=self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div/a[1]')
        return Audit_task_Button

三、流程层

把一步一步的动作，封装成一个业务流程

BookCity_page_process.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from Utils.GetSeleniumDriver import GetSeleniumDriver

import time

class BookCity_page_process(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver=GetSeleniumDriver().driver

    def WeiBo_Loain_To_Share(self):  
        time.sleep(3)
        self.driver.find_elements_by_class_name('W_input').pop(0).send_keys(123)
        time.sleep(1)
        self.driver.find_elements_by_class_name('W_input').pop(1).send_keys(456)

四、case层 ，把业务逻辑组成一条条用例

test_case.py

#coding:utf-8
from time import sleep
from Utils.GetSeleniumDriver import GetSeleniumDriver

class CreativeBooks(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(self):
        self.driver = GetSeleniumDriver().driver
        sleep(2)
    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(self):
        pass

    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = GetSeleniumDriver().driver
        self.driver.get("http://t.com/")
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        sleep(1)
        Creative_books().Creative_books_Button().click()

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.delete_all_cookies()
    def testa(self):

        #新建图书
        Creative_books().CreatBook_Button().click()
        #输入书名
        Creative_books().Input_book_name().send_keys(u"A1一")
        #保存书名

    def testb(self):
        first = self.driver.current_window_handle
        Creative_books().Help_center_Button().click()