[Python知识库]python实现查询指定文件

python实现对文件操作

查询文件夹的指定格式文件

例如获取jpg文件

def get_file(dir):
    folders = [dir]
    results = []
    specify_str = r'.jpg'  # 用来过滤的
    # 把目录下所有文件夹存入待遍历的folders
    for folder in folders:
        folders += [os.path.join(folder, x) for x in os.listdir(folder) \
                    if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(folder, x))]

        # 把所有满足条件的文件的相对地址存入结果results 有过滤的情况
        results += [os.path.relpath(os.path.join(folder, x), start=dir) \
                    for x in os.listdir(folder) \
                    if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(folder, x)) and specify_str in x]
    r = []
    for result in results:
        r += [os.path.join(dir, result)]
    return r

删除指定文件

def delete_jpg(files):
    for file in files:
        os.remove(file)

获取指定文件夹里指定文件的所有文件名

def save_excel(target_file_path, save_path):
    # 创建一个新的工作簿wb
    gf_files = get_files(target_file_path)
    file_name_list = get_files_name(gf_files)
    # print(file_name_list)
    wb = workbook.Workbook()
    ws = wb.active  # 获取当前正在操作的表对象
    for file_name in file_name_list:
        ws.append([file_name])

    wb.save(save_path)

# 获取所有文件
def get_files(dir):
    folders = [dir]
    results = []
    # 把目录下所有文件夹存入待遍历的folders
    for folder in folders:
        folders += [os.path.join(folder, x) for x in os.listdir(folder) \
                    if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(folder, x))]

        # 把所有满足条件的文件的相对地址存入结果results 有过滤的情况
        results += [os.path.relpath(os.path.join(folder, x), start=dir) \
                    for x in os.listdir(folder) \
                    if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(folder, x))]
    r = []
    for result in results:
        r += [os.path.join(dir, result)]
    return r

# 获取所有名字
def get_files_name(file_list):
    specify_str = r'MSS'  # 用来过滤的
    specify_str2 = r'.dat'  # 用来过滤的
    specify_str3 = r'.enp'  # 用来过滤的

    filename_list = []
    for file in file_list:
        if specify_str in file and specify_str2 in file and specify_str3 not in file:
            index_start = find_last(file, '\\')
            index_stop = find_last(file, '-')
            filename = file[index_start + 1:index_stop]
            filename_list.append(''.join(filename))
    return filename_list

比较两个表格中不同的行，将结果保存为表格

def differ_excel(exc1,exc2,save_path):
    excl1 = xlrd.open_workbook(exc1)
    sheet1 = excl1.sheet_by_index(0)
    row_num1 = sheet1.nrows
    data1 = []
    for i in range(0, row_num1):
        row_value_list = sheet1.row_values(i)
        data1.append(row_value_list)

    excl2 = xlrd.open_workbook(exc2)
    sheet2 = excl2.sheet_by_index(0)
    row_num2 = sheet2.nrows
    data2 = []
    for i in range(0, row_num2):
        row_value_list = sheet2.row_values(i)
        data2.append(row_value_list)

    wb = workbook.Workbook()
    ws = wb.active  # 获取当前正在操作的表对象
    for i in data1:
        for index, j in enumerate(data2):
            if i[0] == j[0]:
                break
            else:
                if index == len(data2) - 1:
                    ws.append([i[0]])
                    print([i[0]])

    wb.save(save_path)

根据表格移动文件夹中的文件

# 移动文件
def move_file_withExcl(file_path,target_dir,move_dir):
    excl = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path)
    sheet = excl.sheet_by_index(0)
    row_num = sheet.nrows
    # specify_str = r'PAN'  # 用来过滤的

    data = []
    for i in range(0, row_num):
        row_value_list = sheet.row_values(i)
        data.append(row_value_list)

    filelist = get_files(target_dir)
    print(len(filelist))

    for x in data:
        for files in filelist:
            index = x[0].find('-')
            filename = x[0][0:index]
            # print(filename)
            # filename = x[0]
            # if filename in files and specify_str in files:
            if filename in files:
                # shutil.move(files, move_dir)
                # os.remove(files)
                copy(files, move_dir)
            else:
                continue
    return data

复制文件

# 复制文件
def copy_file(filelist,to_path):
    for filename in filelist:  # 遍历pathDir下的所有文件filename
        copy(filename, to_path)  #

移动文件

# 移动文件
def move_file(filelist, target_dir):
    specify_str = r'PAN'  # 用来过滤的
    specify_str2 = r'.tiff'  # 用来过滤的

    for files in filelist:
        if specify_str2 in files and specify_str in files:
            shutil.move(files, target_dir)
        else:
            continue

删除指定文件

# 删除指定文件
def delete_jpg(files):
    for file in files:
        os.remove(file)