[Python知识库]wxpython 安装问题记录（系统macOs 11.52 M1）

macOS M1 又一个坑，在装wxpython时报错。

正常情况只需要 pip install wxpython?就能安装的，但是? M1? 芯片，macOs 11.52?下面编译不通过，报错。

(gxtimer) xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro GXTimer % pip install wxpython
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting wxpython
  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/b0/4d/80d65c37ee60a479d338d27a2895fb15bbba27a3e6bb5b6d72bb28246e99/wxPython-4.1.1.tar.gz (66.0 MB)
Requirement already satisfied: pillow in /Users/xulong/.pyenv/versions/3.9.6/envs/gxtimer/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from wxpython) (8.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /Users/xulong/.pyenv/versions/3.9.6/envs/gxtimer/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from wxpython) (1.16.0)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /Users/xulong/.pyenv/versions/3.9.6/envs/gxtimer/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from wxpython) (1.21.1)
Building wheels for collected packages: wxpython
  Building wheel for wxpython (setup.py) ... error


。。。。


ff409983598c6914709fc3/ext/wxWidgets/src/common/imagtiff.cpp:37:14: fatal error: 'tiff.h' file not found
      #include "tiff.h"
               ^~~~~~~~

提示 imagtiff.cpp 里引入的头文件找不到，这个应该是源代码文件地址可能不对引起的。只能去改源代码了。?下源代码的方式有几种。

1.安装时会提示下载地址（https://xxxxxxxx)，直接按地址下载。

xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro test3.10 % pip install wxpython
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting wxpython
  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/b0/4d/80d65c37ee60a479d338d27a2895fb15bbba27a3e6bb5b6d72bb28246e99/wxPython-4.1.1.tar.gz (66.0 MB)

如果没有提示路径的话，那就是以前已经下载过，在pip的缓存里，所以不用下载，就不提示。可以清除缓存。

# pip cache dir 可以查看缓存目录。 然后用rm删掉。
(wxworkhelper) xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro test3.10 % pip cache dir 
/Users/xulong/Library/Caches/pip

rm -rf /Users/xulong/Library/Caches/pip

2.利用pip download?下载

#利用pip download 下载源文件
(wxworkhelper) xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro test3.10 % pip download wxpython
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting wxpython
  File was already downloaded /Users/xulong/dev/python/test3.10/wxPython-4.1.1.tar.gz

?将下载下来的源文件，解压出来，进入解压后目录，然后尝试编译?python setup.py build ，结果和上面用pip编译时出错一致。根据提示修改代码。?vim ext/wxWidgets/src/common/imagtiff.cpp

把文件改成对应的路径。

（ps:可以用find .? -name tiff.h? 找文件实际路径）

修改完了，再重新编译。 python setup.py build? ，编译成功。

这时候可以?用 python setup.py install?直接安装。?

为了保持和 pip list同步，我下面利用pip?编译成 wheel?包，再用pip install?安装

pip? wheel? wxPython-4.1.1? ? ?

#对源代码目录，用pip wheel 编译。
(wxworkhelper) xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro test3.10 % pip  wheel  wxPython-4.1.1/

Building wheels for collected packages: wxPython
  Building wheel for wxPython (setup.py) ... \
|
done
  Created wheel for wxPython: filename=wxPython-4.1.1-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl size=24233925 sha256=e5ebad8cfb420b78659ee972b5f2ecd5d8374078e804c459a49b146056bf6297
  Stored in directory: /Users/xulong/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/4d/1a/d9/7d26e3665f6651d58cde82cfa964558c876f4c5960dbbba013
Successfully built wxPython

#编译成功后在当前目录产生了一个   .whl 文件， 后面用pip install 来安装即可。

#查看一下 确认是没有 wxpython模块。
(wxworkhelper) xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro test3.10 % pip list
Package                   Version
------------------------- ---------
altgraph                  0.17.2
certifi                   2021.5.30
charset-normalizer        2.0.4
cos-python-sdk-v5         1.9.8
crcmod                    1.7
Cython                    0.29.28
dicttoxml                 1.7.4
idna                      3.2
Jinja2                    3.0.3
macholib                  1.15.2
MarkupSafe                2.1.0
numpy                     1.21.2
Pillow                    8.3.1
pip                       21.1.3
pycryptodome              3.10.1
pyinstaller               4.10
pyinstaller-hooks-contrib 2022.2
qrcode                    7.3
requests                  2.26.0
setuptools                56.0.0
six                       1.16.0
urllib3                   1.26.6
wheel                     0.37.0
xlrd                      2.0.1



wxworkhelper) xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro test3.10 % pip install wxPython-4.1.1-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Processing ./wxPython-4.1.1-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: pillow in /Users/xulong/.pyenv/versions/3.9.6/envs/wxworkhelper/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from wxPython==4.1.1) (8.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /Users/xulong/.pyenv/versions/3.9.6/envs/wxworkhelper/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from wxPython==4.1.1) (1.21.2)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /Users/xulong/.pyenv/versions/3.9.6/envs/wxworkhelper/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from wxPython==4.1.1) (1.16.0)
Installing collected packages: wxPython
Successfully installed wxPython-4.1.1



(wxworkhelper) xulong@xulongdeMacBook-Pro test3.10 % pip list
Package                   Version
------------------------- ---------
altgraph                  0.17.2
certifi                   2021.5.30
charset-normalizer        2.0.4
cos-python-sdk-v5         1.9.8
crcmod                    1.7
Cython                    0.29.28
dicttoxml                 1.7.4
idna                      3.2
Jinja2                    3.0.3
macholib                  1.15.2
MarkupSafe                2.1.0
numpy                     1.21.2
Pillow                    8.3.1
pip                       21.1.3
pycryptodome              3.10.1
pyinstaller               4.10
pyinstaller-hooks-contrib 2022.2
qrcode                    7.3
requests                  2.26.0
setuptools                56.0.0
six                       1.16.0
urllib3                   1.26.6
wheel                     0.37.0
wxPython                  4.1.1    #*************有了
xlrd                      2.0.1

完成，后面其它?虚拟环境要安装的话，只要用这个.whl文件就行了。