[Python知识库]python 基本知识测试程序

#数据类型
string1 = "hello"
print("字符型：",string1,'\n')

int1 = 123
print("整型：",int1)
print("字符型：",str(int1))
print("16进制型：",hex(int1))
print("8进制型：",oct(int1))
print("2进制型：",bin(int1),'\n')

float1 = 15.79
print("浮点型：",float1)
print("字符型：",str(float1))
print("整型：",int(float1),'\n')

#数据运算
num1,num2 = 5,3
print("数字1：",num1,"；数字2：",num2)
num3 = num1 + num2
print("加：",num3)
num3 = num1 - num2
print("减：",num3)
num3 = num1 * num2
print("乘：",num3)
num3 = num1 / num2
print("除：",num3)
num3 = num1 // num2
print("商：",num3)
num3 = num1 % num2
print("余：",num3)
num3 = num1 ** num2
print("幂：",num3,'\n')

hex1,hex2 = 0x1,0x2
print("16进制数据1：",bin(hex1),"；16进制数据2：",bin(hex2))
hex3 = hex1 & hex2
print("位与：",bin(hex3))
hex3 = hex1 | hex2
print("位或：",bin(hex3))
hex3 = ~hex1
print("数据2取反：",bin(hex3),'\n')

hex1 = 0x31
print("16进制数据：",bin(hex1))
hex3 = hex1 << 2
print("左移2位：",bin(hex3))
hex3 = hex1 >> 2
print("右移2位：",bin(hex3),'\n')

#条件语句
num1,num2 = 1,2
if num1 < num2:
    print("if判断：a小于b\n")
elif num1 == num2:
    print("if判断：a等于b\n")
else:
    print("if判断：a大于b\n")

#循环语句
for i in range(1,5,2):
    print("for循环：",i)
print("\n")

num1 = 7
while num1 < 10:
    print("while循环：",num1)
    num1 += 1
else:
    print("跳出while循环：",num1,"\n")

#分割字符串并删除空列表
string1 = 'this,,,is,a,,,boy'
list1 = string1.split(',')
print("列表长度：",len(list1),"列表：",list1)

print("列表中查找空个数：",list1.count(''))

while list1.count(''):
        list1.remove('')
print("删除后的列表：",list1)
newString = ' ' .join(list1)
print("添加空连接符的字符串：",newString,"\n")

#字符串转换列表排序函数
def stringToListSort(string,separator):
    newList = string.split(separator)
    for i in range(0,len(newList)):
        for j in range(i,len(newList)):
            if int(newList[j]) < int(newList[i]):
                temp = newList[i]
                newList[i] = newList[j]
                newList[j] = temp
    return newList

string1 = input("字符串排序：请输入一串数字，以逗号分隔：")
list1 = stringToListSort(string1,',')
print("列表长度：",len(list1),"列表：",list1,"\n")

#字符串转换列表，后移一位函数
def stringToListShiftRightOne(string,separator):
    newList = string.split(separator)
    temp = newList[0]
    for i in range(1,len(newList)):
        newList[i-1] = newList[i]
    newList[len(newList)-1] = temp
    return newList

string1 = input("字符串后移一位：请输入一串数字，以逗号分隔：")
list1 = stringToListShiftRightOne(string1,',')
print("列表长度：",len(list1),"列表：",list1,"\n")

#整型列表
newList = list(map(int,input("整型列表：请输入一串数字，以逗号分隔：").split(',')))
print("整型列表：",newList)