协程:在函数(特殊函数)定义的时候,使用async修饰,函数调用后,内部语句不会立即执行,而是会返回一个协程对象 任务对象:任务对象=高级的协程对象(进一步封装)=特殊的函数,任务对象必须要注册到时间循环对象中,给任务对象绑定回调:爬虫的数据解析中 事件循环:当做是一个装载任务对象的容器,当启动事件循环对象的时候,存储在内的任务对象会异步执行
先起个flask服务
from flask import Flask
import time
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/张三')
def index_bobo():
time.sleep(2)
return 'hello 张三!'
@app.route('/李四')
def index_jay():
time.sleep(2)
return 'hello 李四!'
@app.route('/王五')
def index_tom():
time.sleep(2)
return 'hello 王五!'
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(threaded=True)
一,aiohttp模块+单线程多任务异步协程
import asyncio
import aiohttp
import requests
import time
start = time.time()
async def get_page(url):
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as s:
async with await s.get(url=url) as response:
page_text = await response.text()
print(page_text)
return page_text
urls = [
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/张三',
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/李四',
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/王五',
]
tasks = []
for url in urls:
c = get_page(url)
task = asyncio.ensure_future(c)
tasks.append(task)
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks))
end = time.time()
print(end-start)
二,aiohttp模块实现单线程+多任务异步协程
import aiohttp
import asyncio
from lxml import etree
import time
start = time.time()
async def get_request(url):
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as s:
async with await s.get(url=url) as response:
page_text = await response.text()
return page_text
def parse(task):
page_text = task.result()
tree = etree.HTML(page_text)
msg = "".join(tree.xpath('//text()'))
print(msg)
urls = [
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/张三',
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/李四',
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/王五',
]
tasks = []
for url in urls:
c = get_request(url)
task = asyncio.ensure_future(c)
task.add_done_callback(parse)
tasks.append(task)
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks))
end = time.time()
print(end-start)
三,requests模块+线程池
import time
import requests
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool
start = time.time()
urls = [
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/张三',
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/李四',
'http://127.0.0.1:5000/王五',
]
def get_request(url):
page_text = requests.get(url=url).text
print(page_text)
return page_text
pool = Pool(3)
pool.map(get_request, urls)
end = time.time()
print('总耗时:', end-start)
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