目录
进入VTK官网可以发现，最新的9.1.0版本给出了两种安装选择。
第一种为source源码安装，这种方式兼容性较强，但需要根据环境自行编译，较为繁琐；
第二种为python的wheel包安装，里面包含编译后的二进制可执行文件，可通过其轻松地进行下载、解压和运行，但兼容性较差，因此需要根据自己的python和pip版本合理选择。
1.版本选择
官网提供了多种wheel版本，其命名分析如下：
vtk-9.1.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
9.1.0：版本号
cp37：适配cpython3.7?
manylinux2014：可理解为对pip版本的要求
| manylinux2014 | pip >= 19.3 |
| manylinux2010 | pip >= 19.3 |
| manylinux1 | pip >= 8.1.0 |
?python版本查看相信大家都很熟悉，不做赘述；
下面介绍验证pip版本是否符合要求
法I：
pip --version查看pip版本，与上表对照即可
法II：
在平时使用中没有上述表格的情况下，只需
pip debug -v即可得到如下结果（有点长，看彩色标记部分即可）：
pip version: pip 22.0.4 from /home/lyl/anaconda3/envs/doorgym/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)
sys.version: 3.7.4 (default, Aug 13 2019, 20:35:49)?
[GCC 7.3.0]
sys.executable: /home/lyl/anaconda3/envs/doorgym/bin/python
sys.getdefaultencoding: utf-8
sys.getfilesystemencoding: utf-8
locale.getpreferredencoding: UTF-8
sys.platform: linux
sys.implementation:
? name: cpython
'cert' config value: Not specified
REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE: None
CURL_CA_BUNDLE: None
pip._vendor.certifi.where(): /home/lyl/anaconda3/envs/doorgym/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/certifi/cacert.pem
pip._vendor.DEBUNDLED: False
vendored library versions:
? CacheControl==0.12.10
? colorama==0.4.4
? distlib==0.3.3
? distro==1.6.0
? html5lib==1.1
? msgpack==1.0.3 (Unable to locate actual module version, using vendor.txt specified version)
? packaging==21.3
? pep517==0.12.0
? platformdirs==2.4.1
? progress==1.6
? pyparsing==3.0.7
? requests==2.27.1
? certifi==2021.10.08
? chardet==4.0.0
? idna==3.3
? urllib3==1.26.8
? rich==11.0.0 (Unable to locate actual module version, using vendor.txt specified version)
? pygments==2.11.2
? typing_extensions==4.0.1 (Unable to locate actual module version, using vendor.txt specified version)
? resolvelib==0.8.1
? setuptools==44.0.0 (Unable to locate actual module version, using vendor.txt specified version)
? six==1.16.0
? tenacity==8.0.1 (Unable to locate actual module version, using vendor.txt specified version)
? tomli==1.0.3
? webencodings==0.5.1 (Unable to locate actual module version, using vendor.txt specified version)
Compatible tags: 469
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_27_x86_64
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_26_x86_64
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_25_x86_64
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_24_x86_64
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? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_x86_64
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux2014_x86_64
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? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_15_x86_64
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_14_x86_64
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? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_12_x86_64
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64
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? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_9_x86_64
? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_8_x86_64
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? cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_6_x86_64
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? cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64
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? py34-none-manylinux1_x86_64
? py34-none-linux_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_27_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_26_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_25_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_24_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_23_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_22_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_21_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_20_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_19_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_18_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux2014_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_16_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_15_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_14_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_13_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_12_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux2010_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_11_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_10_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_9_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_8_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_7_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_6_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux_2_5_x86_64
? py33-none-manylinux1_x86_64
? py33-none-linux_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_27_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_26_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_25_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_24_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_23_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_22_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_21_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_20_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_19_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_18_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux2014_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_16_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_15_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_14_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_13_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_12_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux2010_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_11_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_10_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_9_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_8_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_7_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_6_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux_2_5_x86_64
? py32-none-manylinux1_x86_64
? py32-none-linux_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_27_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_26_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_25_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_24_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_23_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_22_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_21_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_20_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_19_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_18_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux2014_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_16_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_15_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_14_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_13_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_12_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux2010_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_11_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_10_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_9_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_8_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_7_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_6_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux_2_5_x86_64
? py31-none-manylinux1_x86_64
? py31-none-linux_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_27_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_26_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_25_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_24_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_23_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_22_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_21_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_20_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_19_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_18_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux2014_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_16_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_15_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_14_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_13_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_12_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux2010_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_11_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_10_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_9_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_8_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_7_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_6_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux_2_5_x86_64
? py30-none-manylinux1_x86_64
? py30-none-linux_x86_64
? cp37-none-any
? py37-none-any
? py3-none-any
? py36-none-any
? py35-none-any
? py34-none-any
? py33-none-any
? py32-none-any
? py31-none-any
? py30-none-any
?
找到上面用黄色标出的Compatible tags: 469?，其下面即为目前pip版本能够适配的所有tag总和。
可以发现，蓝色标出部分刚好与上述作为示例的文件名匹配，因此文件版本与pip版本兼容。
倘若发现无法兼容，则说明pip版本过低，对其版本升级即可：
pip install -U pip然后选择相兼容的wheel版本下载即可，得到一后缀为.whl的压缩包
2.安装
进入放置wheel的文件位置，无需解压，直接在终端输入：
pip install <文件名.whl>即可开始自动安装，简单可靠。
注：上述pip版本适配的检测虽稍显复杂，但至关重要，否则在安装时很容易报错：“is not a supported wheel on this platform.”。
