爬虫学习5—反反爬之识别图片验证码
名称 | 环境版本 | 说明 |
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ddddocr | linux系统安装;python3版本:3.6.8;命令:python3 -m pip install ddddocr;安装的版本:ddddocr-1.4.3 | /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ddddocr-1.4.3-py3.6.egg/ddddocr/init.py中需要注释调项目说明,识别效果较好;见下图: | pytesseract | linux系统安装;python3版本:3.6.8;需要安装tesseract | 识别效果一般不推荐 |
一、利用ddddocr识别图片验证码示例
首先安装ddddocr模块:python3 -m pip install ddddocr
安装过程较为曲折,总是报错,后来按照报错的连带模块进行单独安装后,才安装完成。
1、示例代码
from selenium import webdriver
import time
from PIL import Image,ImageEnhance
import ddddocr
ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr()
url = "要访问的页面"
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options,executable_path='/usr/bin/chromedriver')
driver.get(url)
driver.maximize_window()
driver.save_screenshot('m3.png')
location = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="login"]/div[5]/span')
size = location.size
rangle = (int(location.location['x']),int(location.location['y']),int(location.location['x'] + size['width']),int(location.location['y'] + size['height']))
i = Image.open('m3.png')
imgry=i.crop(rangle)
imgry.save('getVerifyCode1.png')
im=Image.open('getVerifyCode1.png')
sharpness =ImageEnhance.Contrast(im)
sharp_img = sharpness.enhance(2.0)
sharp_img.save("newVerifyCode1.png")
with open('newVerifyCode1.png', 'rb') as f:
img_bytes = f.read()
res = ocr.classification(img_bytes)
print(res)
2、代码演示结果
证明获取的验证码信息和图片中相同。
二、pytesseract方式实现验证码
1、安装pytesseract
python3 -m pip install pytesseract
2、安装tesseract
安装详情见:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44575268/article/details/117258508
3、代码示例
from selenium import webdriver
import time
from PIL import Image,ImageEnhance
import pytesseract
tesseract_cmd = r'/usr/local/bin/tesseract'
pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd =tesseract_cmd
url = "要访问的页面"
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options,executable_path='/usr/bin/chromedriver')
driver.get(url)
driver.maximize_window()
driver.save_screenshot('m3.png')
location = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="login"]/div[5]/span')
size = location.size
rangle = (int(location.location['x']),int(location.location['y']),int(location.location['x'] + size['width']),int(location.location['y'] + size['height']))
i = Image.open('m3.png')
imgry=i.crop(rangle)
imgry.save('getVerifyCode1.png')
im=Image.open('getVerifyCode1.png')
sharpness =ImageEnhance.Contrast(im)
sharp_img = sharpness.enhance(2.0)
sharp_img.save("newVerifyCode1.png")
newVerify = Image.open('newVerifyCode1.png')
mm = pytesseract.image_to_string(newVerify,'eng')
print(mm)
4、示例结果
图片: 结果: 未识别出来。
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