开发: C++知识库 Java知识库 JavaScript Python PHP知识库人工智能区块链大数据移动开发嵌入式开发工具数据结构与算法开发测试游戏开发网络协议系统运维
教程: HTML教程 CSS教程 JavaScript教程 Go语言教程 JQuery教程 VUE教程 VUE3教程 Bootstrap教程 SQL数据库教程 C语言教程 C++教程 Java教程 Python教程 Python3教程 C#教程
数码: 电脑笔记本显卡显示器固态硬盘硬盘耳机手机 iphone vivo oppo 小米华为单反装机图拉丁

-> Python知识库 -> Django学习-武沛齐教程【day2】 -> 正文阅读

[Python知识库]Django学习-武沛齐教程【day2】

员工管理系统

新建项目

django-admin startproject manage

django-admin startapp app01

运行项目：python manage.py runserver

注册app

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01.apps.App01Config', # 添加app01
]

设计表结构

from django.db import models


class Department(models.Model):
    # 部门表
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)


class UserInfo(models.Model):
    # 员工表
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="姓名", max_length=16)
    pwd = models.CharField(verbose_name="密码", max_length=64)
    age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="年龄")
    account = models.DecimalField(
        verbose_name="账户余额", max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, default=0)
    create_time = models.DateField(verbose_name="入职时间")
    # #部门被删除，员工置空
    # depart = models.ForeignKey(
    #     to="Department", to_field="id", null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
    # 部门被删除，员工级联删除
    depart = models.ForeignKey(
        to="Department", to_field="id", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    gender_choices=(
        (1,"男"),
        (2,"女")
    )
    # 只能选择1、2
    gender=models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="性别",choices=gender_choices)

MYsql生成表

创建数据库

create database manage default charset utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;

在mysite/settings.py中进行配置和修改

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'test', #数据库的名字
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1', #数据库地址
        'PORT': '3306', #端口
        'USER': 'root', #用户名
        "PASSWORD": 'root123456', #密码
    }
}

命令行执行：

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

静态文件和模版文件管理

app01中添加static、templates目录

部门管理

手动插入数据

insert into app01_department(title) values("IT部"),("销售部");

部门列表

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    path('depart/list/',views.depart_list),
]

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from app01 import models

def depart_list(request):
    # 部门列表
    queryset = models.Department.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'depart_list.html',{'queryset':queryset})

templates/depart_list.html

{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title></title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css' %}">
  <style>
    /* 去除导航条的圆角 */
    .navbar {
      border-radius: 0;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
  <nav class="navbar navbar-default">
    <div class="container">
      <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
      <div class="navbar-header">
        <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
          data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
          <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
          <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        </button>
        <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">用户管理系统</a>
      </div>

      <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
        <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
          <li><a href="#">部门管理</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>

        </ul>
        <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
          <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
          <li class="dropdown">
            <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
              aria-expanded="false">张三 <span class="caret"></span></a>
            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
              <li><a href="#">个人资料</a></li>
              <li><a href="#">我的信息</a></li>
              <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
              <li><a href="#">注销</a></li>
            </ul>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    </div>
  </nav>
  <div>
    <div class="container">
      <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;">
        <a class="btn btn-success" href="#">
          <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign" aria-hidden="true"></span>
          新建部门
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="bs-example" data-example-id="table-within-panel">
        <div class="panel panel-default">
          <!-- Default panel contents -->
          <div class="panel-heading">
            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-th-list" aria-hidden="true"></span>
            部门列表
          </div>

          <!-- Table -->
          <table class="table table-bordered">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>名称</th>
                <th>操作</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              {% for obj in queryset %}
              <tr>
                <th>{{obj.id}}</th>
                <td>{{obj.title}}</td>
                <td>
                    <a class="btn btn-primary btn-xs">编辑 </a>
                    <a class="btn btn-danger btn-xs">删除 </a>
                </td>
              </tr>
              {% endfor %}
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <script src="{% static 'js/jquery.slim.min.js' %}"></script>
  <script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/js/bootstrap.js' %}"></script>

</body>
</html>

新建部门

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    path('depart/list/',views.depart_list),
    path('depart/add/',views.depart_add),
]

views.py

def depart_add(request):
    # 添加页面
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render(request, 'depart_add.html')
    title = request.POST.get("title")
    models.Department.objects.create(title=title)
    return redirect('/depart/list/')

templates/depart_add.html

{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css' %}">
    <style>
        /* 去除导航条的圆角 */
        .navbar {
            border-radius: 0;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-default">
        <div class="container">
            <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
                    data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                    <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                </button>
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">用户管理系统</a>
            </div>

            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li><a href="#">部门管理</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>

                </ul>
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                            aria-expanded="false">张三 <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">个人资料</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">我的信息</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">注销</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </nav>
    <div>
        <div class="container">
            <div class="panel panel-default">
                <div class="panel-heading">
                    <h3 class="panel-title">新建部门</h3>
                </div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    <form method="post">
                        {% csrf_token %}
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label>标题</label>
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="title" placeholder="标题">
                        </div>
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <script src="{% static 'js/jquery.slim.min.js' %}"></script>
    <script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/js/bootstrap.js' %}"></script>

</body>

</html>

删除部门

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    path('depart/list/',views.depart_list),
    path('depart/add/',views.depart_add),
    path('depart/delete/',views.depart_delete),
]

views.py

def depart_delete(request):
    # 删除部门
    nid = request.GET.get("nid")
    models.Department.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
    return redirect('/depart/list/')

templates/depart_list.html

<tbody>
  {% for obj in queryset %}
  <tr>
    <th>{{obj.id}}</th>
    <td>{{obj.title}}</td>
    <td>
        <a class="btn btn-primary btn-xs">编辑 </a>
        <a class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" href="/depart/delete/?nid={{obj.id}}">删除 </a>
    </td>
  </tr>
  {% endfor %}
</tbody>

编辑部门

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    path('depart/list/',views.depart_list),
    path('depart/add/',views.depart_add),
    path('depart/delete/',views.depart_delete),
    # <int:nid>正则表达式
    path('depart/<int:nid>/edit/',views.depart_edit),
]

views.py

def depart_edit(request,nid):
    # 修改部门
    if request.method == "GET":
        row_object = models.Department.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
        return render(request, 'depart_edit.html',{'row_object':row_object})
    title = request.POST.get("title")
    models.Department.objects.filter(id=nid).update(title=title)
    return redirect('/depart/list/')

templates/depart_list.html

<tbody>
  {% for obj in queryset %}
  <tr>
    <th>{{obj.id}}</th>
    <td>{{obj.title}}</td>
    <td>
        <a class="btn btn-primary btn-xs" href="/depart/{{obj.id}}/edit">编辑 </a>
        <a class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" href="/depart/delete/?nid={{obj.id}}">删除 </a>
    </td>
  </tr>
  {% endfor %}
</tbody>

templates/depart_edit.html

{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css' %}">
    <style>
        /* 去除导航条的圆角 */
        .navbar {
            border-radius: 0;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-default">
        <div class="container">
            <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
                    data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                    <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                </button>
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">用户管理系统</a>
            </div>

            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li><a href="#">部门管理</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>

                </ul>
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                            aria-expanded="false">张三 <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">个人资料</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">我的信息</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">注销</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </nav>
    <div>
        <div class="container">
            <div class="panel panel-default">
                <div class="panel-heading">
                    <h3 class="panel-title">修改部门</h3>
                </div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    <form method="post">
                        {% csrf_token %}
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label>标题</label>
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="title" placeholder="标题" value="{{row_object.title}}">
                        </div>
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <script src="{% static 'js/jquery.slim.min.js' %}"></script>
    <script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/js/bootstrap.js' %}"></script>

</body>

</html>

模版的继承

在模版页layout.html中添加{% block 模块名 %}{% endblock %}
其他页面可以使用{% extends 'layout.html' %}继承layout.html
并在{% block 模块名 %}{% endblock %}内部编写独有内容
模板页面：base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    {% block content %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

继承模板：extend.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}
    <h1>hello world</h1>
{% endblock %}

使用模板更新部门管理页面

templates/layout.html

{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css' %}">
    <style>
        /* 去除导航条的圆角 */
        .navbar {
            border-radius: 0;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-default">
        <div class="container">
            <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
                    data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                    <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                </button>
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">用户管理系统</a>
            </div>

            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li><a href="depart/list/">部门管理</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>

                </ul>
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                            aria-expanded="false">张三 <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">个人资料</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">我的信息</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">注销</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </nav>
    <div>
        {% block content %}{% endblock %}
    </div>

    <script src="{% static 'js/jquery.slim.min.js' %}"></script>
    <script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/js/bootstrap.js' %}"></script>

</body>

</html>

templates/depart_list.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}
{% block content %}

<div class="container">
  <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;">
    <a class="btn btn-success" href="/depart/add/">
      <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign" aria-hidden="true"></span>
      新建部门
    </a>
  </div>

  <div class="bs-example" data-example-id="table-within-panel">
    <div class="panel panel-default">
      <!-- Default panel contents -->
      <div class="panel-heading">
        <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-th-list" aria-hidden="true"></span>
        部门列表
      </div>

      <!-- Table -->
      <table class="table table-bordered">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>名称</th>
            <th>操作</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          {% for obj in queryset %}
          <tr>
            <th>{{obj.id}}</th>
            <td>{{obj.title}}</td>
            <td>
              <a class="btn btn-primary btn-xs" href="/depart/{{obj.id}}/edit">编辑 </a>
              <a class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" href="/depart/delete/?nid={{obj.id}}">删除 </a>
            </td>
          </tr>
          {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

{% endblock %}

templates/depart_add.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}
{% block content %}

<div class="container">
    <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">新建部门</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <form method="post">
                {% csrf_token %}
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>标题</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="title" placeholder="标题">
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

{% endblock %}

templates/depart_edit.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}
{% block content %}
  
<div class="container">
    <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">修改部门</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <form method="post">
                {% csrf_token %}
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>标题</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="title" placeholder="标题" value="{{row_object.title}}">
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

{% endblock %}

用户管理

手动插入数据

insert into app01_userinfo(name,password,age,account,create_time,gender,depart_id) values("张三","123",23,100.66,"2010-11-11",1,2),("李四","1234",23,1333.66,"2012-11-11",2,7);

用户列表

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    # 部门管理
    # ...
    # 用户管理
    path('depart/list/', views.depart_list),

]

views.py

def user_list(request):
    queryset = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'user_list.html', {'queryset': queryset})

templates/layout.html

<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
    <li><a href="/depart/list/">部门管理</a></li>
    <li><a href="/user/list/">用户管理</a></li>
</ul>

templates/user_list.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}
{% block content %}

<div class="container">
  <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;">
    <a class="btn btn-success" href="/user/add/">
      <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign" aria-hidden="true"></span>
      新建用户
    </a>
  </div>

  <div class="bs-example" data-example-id="table-within-panel">
    <div class="panel panel-default">
      <!-- Default panel contents -->
      <div class="panel-heading">
        <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-th-list" aria-hidden="true"></span>
        用户列表
      </div>
      <!-- Table -->
      <table class="table table-bordered">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>姓名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
            <th>年龄</th>
            <th>余额</th>
            <th>入职时间</th>
            <th>性别</th>
            <th>部门</th>
            <th>操作</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          {% for obj in queryset %}
          <tr>
            <th>{{obj.id}}</th>
            <td>{{obj.name}}</td>
            <td>{{obj.password}}</td>
            <td>{{obj.age}}</td>
            <td>{{obj.account}}</td>
            <td>{{obj.create_time|date:"Y-m-d"}}</td>
            <td>{{obj.get_gender_display}}</td>
            <td>{{obj.depart.title}}</td>
            <td>
              <a class="btn btn-primary btn-xs" href="/depart/{{obj.id}}/edit">编辑 </a>
              <a class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" href="/depart/delete/?nid={{obj.id}}">删除 </a>
            </td>
          </tr>
          {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

{% endblock %}

新建用户

原始方法思路

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    # 用户管理
    path('user/list/', views.user_list),
    path('user/add/', views.user_add),
]

views.py

def user_add(request):
    # 添加用户（原始方法）
    if request.method == "GET":
        context = {
            'gender_choices': models.UserInfo.gender_choices,
            'depart_list': models.Department.objects.all()
        }
        return render(request, 'user_add.html', context)
    name = request.POST.get("name")
    pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
    age = request.POST.get("age")
    account = request.POST.get("ac")
    ctime = request.POST.get("ctime")
    gender_id = request.POST.get("gd")
    depart_id = request.POST.get("dp")
    models.UserInfo.objects.create(name=name, password=pwd, age=age,
                                     account=account, create_time=ctime, gender=gender_id, depart_id=depart_id)
    return redirect('/user/list/')

templates/user_add.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}
{% block content %}

<div class="container">
    <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">新建用户</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <form method="post">
                {% csrf_token %}
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>姓名</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" placeholder="姓名">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>密码</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="pwd" placeholder="密码">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>年龄</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="age" placeholder="年龄">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>余额</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="ac" placeholder="余额">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>入职时间</label>
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" name="ctime" placeholder="入职时间">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>性别</label>
                    <select class="form-control" name="gd">
                        {% for item in gender_choices %}
                            <option value="{{item.0}}">{{item.1}}</option>
                        {% endfor %}
                    </select>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>部门</label>
                    <select class="form-control" name="dp">
                        {% for item in depart_list %}
                            <option value="{{item.id}}">{{item.title}}</option>
                        {% endfor %}
                    </select>
                </div>


                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

{% endblock %}

原始方法问题：

用户提交数据没有校验
页面上应该有错误提示
页面上每个字段都要重新写一遍
关联的数据，手动获取并展示，费劲

使用Django组件

Form组件（小便捷）
ModelForm组件（最简便）

初识Form

views.py

class MyForm(Form):
    user = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Input)
    pwd = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Input)
    email = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Input)

def user_add(request):
    form=MyForm()
    return render(request, 'user_add.html', {"form":form})

templates/user_add.html

<form method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {% for field in form %}
        {{field}}
    {% endfor %}

    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
</form>

ModelForm【推荐】

models.py

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    # 员工表
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="姓名", max_length=16)
    password = models.CharField(verbose_name="密码", max_length=64)
    age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="年龄")
    account = models.DecimalField(
        verbose_name="账户余额", max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, default=0)
    create_time = models.DateField(verbose_name="入职时间")
    depart = models.ForeignKey(
        to="Department", to_field="id", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    gender_choices=(
        (1,"男"),
        (2,"女")
    )
    gender=models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="性别",choices=gender_choices)

views.py

class MyForm(ModelForm):
    xx=form.CharField("...")
    class Meta:
        model=UserInfo
        fields=["name","password","age","xx"]
        
def user_add(request):
    form=MyForm()
    return render(request, 'user_add.html', {"form":form})

templates/user_add.html

<form method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {% for field in form %}
        {{field}}
    {% endfor %}

    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
</form>

新建用户【ModelForm】

models.py

from django.db import models


class Department(models.Model):
    # 部门表
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
    

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    # 员工表
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="姓名", max_length=16)
    password = models.CharField(verbose_name="密码", max_length=64)
    age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="年龄")
    account = models.DecimalField(
        verbose_name="账户余额", max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, default=0)
    create_time = models.DateField(verbose_name="入职时间")
    # #部门被删除，员工置空
    # depart = models.ForeignKey(
    #     to="Department", to_field="id", null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
    # 部门被删除，员工级联删除
    depart = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="部门",
        to="Department", to_field="id", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    gender_choices=(
        (1,"男"),
        (2,"女")
    )
    # 只能选择1、2
    gender=models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="性别",choices=gender_choices)

views.py

class UserModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
    #验证规则
    name = forms.CharField(min_length=3, label="用户名")
    
    class Meta:
        model=models.UserInfo
        fields=["name","password","age","create_time","gender","depart"]
        widgets={
            "password":forms.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
        }

    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)
        # 给所有字段的input框加上class:"form-control"
        for name,field in self.fields.items():
            if name=="password":
                continue
            field.widget.attrs = {"class":"form-control","placeholder":field.label}

def user_model_form_add(request):
    # 添加用户（ModelForm方式）
    if request.method=="GET":
        form = UserModelForm()
        return render(request,'user_model_form_add.html',{"form":form})
    # 用户POST提交数据，数据校验
    form = UserModelForm(data=request.POST)
    if form.is_valid():
        #如果数据合法，保存到数据库
        form.save() # 自动存储到数据库中
        return redirect("/user/list")
    else:
        #校验失败,form中包含错误信息和用户之前提交的数据
        return render(request,'user_model_form_add.html',{"form":form})

templates/user_add.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}
{% block content %}

<div class="container">
    <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">新建用户</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <form method="post" novalidate>
                {% csrf_token %}
                {% for field in form %}
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>{{field.label}}</label>
                    {{field}}
                    <span style="color:red;">{{field.errors.0}}</span>
                </div>
                {% endfor %}
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

{% endblock %}