rosdep update报错问题的解决
初始化 rosdep
sudo rosdep init
由于域名污染，这一步往往会报下面的错误：
ERROR: cannot download default sources list from:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/sources.list.d/20-default.list
Website may be down.
为解决该问题，首先，克隆 rosdistro 仓库：
git clone https://github.com/ros/rosdistro.git
然后，本地新建对应目录：
sudo mkdir -p /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d
最后，将克隆下来的 rosdistro 仓库中的 list 文件拷贝到上述目录：
cd rosdistro
sudo cp rosdep/sources.list.d/20-default.list /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d/
更新本地 rosdep 数据库
rosdep update
同样是由于域名污染，这一步往往会报下面的错误：
reading in sources list data from /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d
ERROR: unable to process source [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml]:
<urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused> (https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml)
ERROR: unable to process source [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/base.yaml]:
<urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused> (https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/base.yaml)
ERROR: unable to process source [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/python.yaml]:
<urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused> (https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/python.yaml)
ERROR: unable to process source [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/ruby.yaml]:
<urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused> (https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/ruby.yaml)
ERROR: unable to process source [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/releases/fuerte.yaml]:
Failed to download target platform data for gbpdistro:
<urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused>
Query rosdistro index https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/index-v4.yaml
ERROR: error loading sources list:
<urlopen error <urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused> (https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/index-v4.yaml)>
假设已经解决上面步骤中 rosdep init 遇到的问题，现在需要编辑以下四个文件：
/etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d/20-default.list/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/rosdep2/gbpdistro_support.py/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/rosdep2/rep3.py/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/rosdistro/__init__.py
搜索文件中的 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master 字段，将其替换为本地 rosdistro 仓库的绝对地址，例如本示例中为 file:///home/xxx/rosdistro。(xxx对应自己的安装路径)
编辑后的 list 文件如下所示：
# os-specific listings first
yaml file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml osx
# generic
yaml file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/base.yaml
yaml file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/python.yaml
yaml file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/ruby.yaml
gbpdistro file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/releases/fuerte.yaml fuerte
# newer distributions (Groovy, Hydro, ...) must not be listed anymore, they are being fetched from the rosdistro index.yaml instead
然后重新执行 rosdep update 命令即可：
reading in sources list data from /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d
Hit file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml
Hit file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/base.yaml
Hit file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/python.yaml
Hit file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/rosdep/ruby.yaml
Hit file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/releases/fuerte.yaml
Query rosdistro index file:///home/xxx/rosdistro/index-v4.yaml
Skip end-of-life distro "ardent"
Skip end-of-life distro "bouncy"
Skip end-of-life distro "crystal"
Skip end-of-life distro "dashing"
Skip end-of-life distro "eloquent"
Add distro "foxy"
Add distro "galactic"
Skip end-of-life distro "groovy"
Skip end-of-life distro "hydro"
Skip end-of-life distro "indigo"
Skip end-of-life distro "jade"
Skip end-of-life distro "kinetic"
Skip end-of-life distro "lunar"
Add distro "melodic"
Add distro "noetic"
Add distro "rolling"
updated cache in /home/xxx/.ros/rosdep/sources.cache
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