[人工智能]Pytorch CPU 训练 MNIST Dataset 例子

Pytorch CPU 训练 MNIST Dataset 例子

1. 代码主要来源于：

Source: https://github.com/pytorch/examples/

注意：应为版本不一致的原因，会出现下面的报错信息：

pytorch报错：IndexError: invalid index of a 0-dim tensor. 
Use tensor.item() to convert a 0-dim tensor to a Python number
是你的torch版本的不同造成的。

解决：将loss.data[0] 改成loss.item()

2. 源代码：

#Import Libraries

from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torch.optim as optim
from torchvision import datasets, transforms
from torch.autograd import Variable

args = {}
kwargs = {}
args['batch_size'] = 1000
args['test_batch_size'] = 1000
args['epochs'] = 10  #The number of Epochs is the number of times you go through the full dataset.
args['lr'] = 0.01 #Learning rate is how fast it will decend.
args['momentum'] = 0.5 #SGD momentum (default: 0.5) Momentum is a moving average of our gradients (helps to keep direction).

args['seed'] = 1 #random seed
args['log_interval'] = 10
args['cuda'] = False # False

#load the data
train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
    datasets.MNIST('../data', train=True, download=True,
                   transform=transforms.Compose([
                       transforms.ToTensor(),
                       transforms.Normalize((0.1307,), (0.3081,))
                   ])),
    batch_size=args['batch_size'], shuffle=True, **kwargs)
test_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
    datasets.MNIST('../data', train=False, transform=transforms.Compose([
                       transforms.ToTensor(),
                       transforms.Normalize((0.1307,), (0.3081,))
                   ])),
    batch_size=args['test_batch_size'], shuffle=True, **kwargs)


class Net(nn.Module):
    #This defines the structure of the NN.
    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(1, 10, kernel_size=5)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(10, 20, kernel_size=5)
        self.conv2_drop = nn.Dropout2d()  #Dropout
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(320, 50)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(50, 10)

    def forward(self, x):
        #Convolutional Layer/Pooling Layer/Activation
        x = F.relu(F.max_pool2d(self.conv1(x), 2))
        #Convolutional Layer/Dropout/Pooling Layer/Activation
        x = F.relu(F.max_pool2d(self.conv2_drop(self.conv2(x)), 2))
        x = x.view(-1, 320)
        #Fully Connected Layer/Activation
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        x = F.dropout(x, training=self.training)
        #Fully Connected Layer/Activation
        x = self.fc2(x)
        #Softmax gets probabilities.
        return F.log_softmax(x, dim=1)


def train(epoch):
    model.train()
    for batch_idx, (data, target) in enumerate(train_loader):
        if args['cuda']:
            data, target = data.cuda(), target.cuda()
        #Variables in Pytorch are differenciable.
        data, target = Variable(data), Variable(target)
        #This will zero out the gradients for this batch.
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        output = model(data)
        # Calculate the loss The negative log likelihood loss. It is useful to train a classification problem with C classes.
        loss = F.nll_loss(output, target)
        #dloss/dx for every Variable
        loss.backward()
        #to do a one-step update on our parameter.
        optimizer.step()
        #Print out the loss periodically.
        if batch_idx % args['log_interval'] == 0:
            print('Train Epoch: {} [{}/{} ({:.0f}%)]\tLoss: {:.6f}'.format(
                epoch, batch_idx * len(data), len(train_loader.dataset),
                100. * batch_idx / len(train_loader), loss.item()))


def test():
    model.eval()
    test_loss = 0
    correct = 0
    for data, target in test_loader:
        if args['cuda']:
            data, target = data.cuda(), target.cuda()
        data, target = Variable(data, volatile=True), Variable(target)
        output = model(data)
        test_loss += F.nll_loss(output, target, size_average=False).item() # sum up batch loss
        pred = output.data.max(1, keepdim=True)[1] # get the index of the max log-probability
        correct += pred.eq(target.data.view_as(pred)).long().cpu().sum()

    test_loss /= len(test_loader.dataset)
    print('\nTest set: Average loss: {:.4f}, Accuracy: {}/{} ({:.0f}%)\n'.format(
        test_loss, correct, len(test_loader.dataset),
        100. * correct / len(test_loader.dataset)))


model = Net()
if args['cuda']:
    model.cuda()

optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=args['lr'], momentum=args['momentum'])

for epoch in range(1, args['epochs'] + 1):
    train(epoch)
    test()

3. 最终结果：

Test set: Average loss: 0.2741, Accuracy: 9209/10000 (92%)