[人工智能]基于深度强化学习的绘画智能体 代码分析（六）

1. env.py

import sys
import json
import torch
import numpy as np
import argparse
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import cv2
from DRL.ddpg import decode
from utils.util import *
from PIL import Image
from torchvision import transforms, utils
device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

aug = transforms.Compose( #一般用Compose把多个步骤整合到一起
            [transforms.ToPILImage(), #a tensor 转换为PIL image
             transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(), #以0.5的概率水平翻转给定的PIL图像
             ])

width = 128
convas_area = width * width

img_train = []
img_test = []
train_num = 0
test_num = 0

class Paint:
    def __init__(self, batch_size, max_step):
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        self.max_step = max_step
        self.action_space = (13)
        self.observation_space = (self.batch_size, width, width, 7)
        self.test = False
        
    def load_data(self):
        # CelebA
        global train_num, test_num
        for i in range(200000):            
            img_id = '%06d' % (i + 1) #6d 是指占6位，因为200000是六位
            try:
                img = cv2.imread('../data/img_align_celeba/' + img_id + '.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED )
                
                img = cv2.resize(img, (width, width))
                if i > 2000:                
                    train_num += 1
                    img_train.append(img)
                else:
                    test_num += 1
                    img_test.append(img)
            finally:
                if (i + 1) % 10000 == 0:
                    print('loaded {} images'.format(i + 1)) #每读了10000张显示一下读了多少
        print('finish loading data, {} training images, {} testing images'.format(str(train_num), str(test_num)))

cv2.imread(filename, flags)

• filepath：读入imge的完整路径
• flags：标志位，{cv2.IMREAD_COLOR，cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE，cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED}

cv2.IMREAD_COLOR：默认参数，读入一副彩色图片，忽略alpha通道，可用1作为实参替代
cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE：读入灰度图片，可用0作为实参替代
cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED：顾名思义，读入完整图片，包括alpha通道，可用-1作为实参替代

alpha通道，又称A通道，是一个8位的灰度通道，该通道用256级灰度来记录图像中的透明度复信息，定义透明、不透明和半透明区域，其中黑表示全透明，白表示不透明，灰表示半透明

    def pre_data(self, id, test):
        if test:
            img = img_test[id]
        else:
            img = img_train[id]
        if not test:
            img = aug(img)
        img = np.asarray(img) #输入数据，可以转换为数组的任何形式。 这包括列表，元组列表，元组，元组元组，列表元组和ndarray
        return np.transpose(img, (2, 0, 1)) #转置
    
    def reset(self, test=False, begin_num=False):
        self.test = test
        self.imgid = [0] * self.batch_size
        self.gt = torch.zeros([self.batch_size, 3, width, width], dtype=torch.uint8).to(device)
        for i in range(self.batch_size):
            if test:
                id = (i + begin_num)  % test_num
            else:
                id = np.random.randint(train_num) #randint(a, b) 随机生成整数：[a-b]区间的整数（包含两端），0~train_num
            self.imgid[i] = id
            self.gt[i] = torch.tensor(self.pre_data(id, test))
        self.tot_reward = ((self.gt.float() / 255) ** 2).mean(1).mean(1).mean(1)
        self.stepnum = 0
        self.canvas = torch.zeros([self.batch_size, 3, width, width], dtype=torch.uint8).to(device)
        self.lastdis = self.ini_dis = self.cal_dis()
        return self.observation()
    
    def observation(self):
        # canvas B * 3 * width * width
        # gt B * 3 * width * width
        # T B * 1 * width * width
        ob = []
        T = torch.ones([self.batch_size, 1, width, width], dtype=torch.uint8) * self.stepnum
        return torch.cat((self.canvas, self.gt, T.to(device)), 1) # canvas, img, T

    def cal_trans(self, s, t):
        return (s.transpose(0, 3) * t).transpose(0, 3) #转置
    
    def step(self, action):
        self.canvas = (decode(action, self.canvas.float() / 255) * 255).byte()
        self.stepnum += 1
        ob = self.observation()
        done = (self.stepnum == self.max_step)
        reward = self.cal_reward() # np.array([0.] * self.batch_size)
        return ob.detach(), reward, np.array([done] * self.batch_size), None

    def cal_dis(self):
        return (((self.canvas.float() - self.gt.float()) / 255) ** 2).mean(1).mean(1).mean(1)
    
    def cal_reward(self):
        dis = self.cal_dis()
        reward = (self.lastdis - dis) / (self.ini_dis + 1e-8)
        self.lastdis = dis
        return to_numpy(reward)