[人工智能]mixup 数据增强

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?这在不同类之间提供了连续的数据样本，直观地扩展了给定训练集的分布，从而使网络在测试阶段更加健壮。

Pytorch实现

在CIFAR-10数据集上

"""
Import necessary libraries to train a network using mixup
The code is mainly developed using the PyTorch library
"""
import numpy as np
import pickle
import random
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torchvision
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader


"""
Determine if any GPUs are available
"""
device = torch.device('cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')


"""
Create a simple CNN
"""
class CNN(nn.Module):
   def __init__(self):
        super(CNN, self).__init__()

        # Network consists of 4 convolutional layers followed by 2 fully-connected layers
        self.conv11 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, 3)
        self.conv12 = nn.Conv2d(64, 64, 3)
        self.conv21 = nn.Conv2d(64, 128, 3)
        self.conv22 = nn.Conv2d(128, 128, 3)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(128 * 5 * 5, 256)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(256, 10)
   def forward(self, x):
       x = F.relu(self.conv11(x))
       x = F.relu(self.conv12(x))
       x = F.max_pool2d(x, (2,2))
       x = F.relu(self.conv21(x))
       x = F.relu(self.conv22(x))
       x = F.max_pool2d(x, (2,2))

       # Size is calculated based on kernel size 3 and padding 0
       x = x.view(-1, 128 * 5 * 5)
       x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
       x = self.fc2(x)

       return nn.Sigmoid()(x)


"""
Dataset and Dataloader creation
All data are downloaded found via Graviti Open Dataset which links to CIFAR-10 official page
The dataset implementation is where mixup take place
"""

class CIFAR_Dataset(Dataset):
    def __init__(self, data_dir, train, transform):
        self.data_dir = data_dir
        self.train = train
        self.transform = transform
        self.data = []
        self.targets = []

        # Loading all the data depending on whether the dataset is training or testing
        if self.train:
            for i in range(5):
                with open(data_dir + 'data_batch_' + str(i+1), 'rb') as f:
                    entry = pickle.load(f, encoding='latin1')
                    self.data.append(entry['data'])
                    self.targets.extend(entry['labels'])
        else:
            with open(data_dir + 'test_batch', 'rb') as f:
                entry = pickle.load(f, encoding='latin1')
                self.data.append(entry['data'])
                self.targets.extend(entry['labels'])

        # Reshape it and turn it into the HWC format which PyTorch takes in the images
        # Original CIFAR format can be seen via its official page
        self.data = np.vstack(self.data).reshape(-1, 3, 32, 32)
        self.data = self.data.transpose((0, 2, 3, 1))

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.data)

    def __getitem__(self, idx):

        # Create a one hot label
        label = torch.zeros(10)
        label[self.targets[idx]] = 1.

        # Transform the image by converting to tensor and normalizing it
        if self.transform:
            image = transform(self.data[idx])

        # If data is for training, perform mixup, only perform mixup roughly on 1 for every 5 images
        if self.train and idx > 0 and idx%5 == 0:

            # Choose another image/label randomly
            mixup_idx = random.randint(0, len(self.data)-1)
            mixup_label = torch.zeros(10)
            label[self.targets[mixup_idx]] = 1.
            if self.transform:
                mixup_image = transform(self.data[mixup_idx])

            # Select a random number from the given beta distribution
            # Mixup the images accordingly
            alpha = 0.2
            lam = np.random.beta(alpha, alpha)
            image = lam * image + (1 - lam) * mixup_image
            label = lam * label + (1 - lam) * mixup_label

        return image, label

"""
Define the hyperparameters, image transform components, and the dataset/dataloaders
"""
transform = transforms.Compose(
    [transforms.ToTensor(),
     transforms.Normalize((0.5, 0.5, 0.5), (0.5, 0.5, 0.5))])

BATCH_SIZE = 64
NUM_WORKERS = 4
LEARNING_RATE = 0.0001
NUM_EPOCHS = 30


train_dataset = CIFAR_Dataset('../lian/dataset/cifar-10-batches-py/', 1, transform)
train_dataloader = DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=True, num_workers=NUM_WORKERS)

test_dataset = CIFAR_Dataset('../lian/dataset/cifar-10-batches-py/', 0, transform)
test_dataloader = DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=False, num_workers=NUM_WORKERS)


"""
Initialize the network, loss Adam optimizer
Torch BCE Loss does not support mixup labels (not 1 or 0), so we implement our own
"""
net = CNN().to(device)
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(net.parameters(), lr=LEARNING_RATE)
def bceloss(x, y):
    eps = 1e-6
    return -torch.mean(y * torch.log(x + eps) + (1 - y) * torch.log(1 - x + eps))
best_Acc = 0


"""
Training Procedure
"""
for epoch in range(NUM_EPOCHS):
    net.train()
    # We train and visualize the loss every 100 iterations
    for idx, (imgs, labels) in enumerate(train_dataloader):
        imgs = imgs.to(device)
        labels = labels.to(device)
        preds = net(imgs)
        loss = bceloss(preds, labels)
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        if idx%100 == 0:
            print("Epoch {} Iteration {}, Current Loss: {}".format(epoch, idx, loss))

    # We evaluate the network after every epoch based on test set accuracy
    net.eval()
    with torch.no_grad():
        total = 0
        numCorrect = 0
        for (imgs, labels) in test_dataloader:
            imgs = imgs.to(device)
            labels = labels.to(device)
            preds = net(imgs)
            numCorrect += (torch.argmax(preds, dim=1) == torch.argmax(labels, dim=1)).float().sum()
            total += len(imgs)
        acc = numCorrect/total
        print("Current image classification accuracy at epoch {}: {}".format(epoch, acc))
        if acc > best_Acc:
            best_Acc = acc

"""
Printing out overall best result
"""
print("Best Result: {}".format(best_Acc))

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