Lower serum TNF-α levels were associated with an increase in visual acuity after anti-VEGF therapy. This suggests that targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines may augment treatment for neovascular AMD.（血清TNF-α水平降低与抗VEGF治疗后视力增加相关。这表明，靶向促炎细胞因子可能会增强对新生血管性AMD的治疗。）
TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is known to mediate CNV formation in experimental models by upregulating VEGF expression by RPE cells [35], has also been demonstrated to promote the angiogenic drive of active CNV lesions [36]. Patients with elevated levels of serum TNF-α have been shown to respond favourably to VEGF inhibition [32].（TNF-α是一种促炎性细胞因子，已知在实验模型中通过RPE细胞上调VEGF表达来介导CNV的形成[35]，也被证明能促进活动性CNV病变的血管生成[36]。血清TNF-α水平升高的患者对VEGF抑制反应良好[32]。）
The concept of AMD being a disease of systemic or local complement dysregulation was previously discussed by our group nearly eight years ago [48].（提到AMD是全身性疾病或局部疾病）
文中提到了CRP或促炎细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6或IL-8
上面表格来自【1】
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下面是一些炎症因子，其中source这一栏：
Serum：血清
Plasma：血浆
Vitreous：玻璃质（本篇博客不考虑该数据，因为不切实际）
Aqueous humor：房水（本篇博客不考虑该数据，因为不切实际）
| Cytokine | AMD subtype | Source | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1 | Wet AMD | Serum | (IL-1β)↑?150, (IL-1α+IL-1β)↑151 |
| Wet AMD | Plasma | (IL-1β) ↓54, ↑152, No change?44 | |
| Wet AMD | Vitreous | (IL-1β)↑51 | |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | (IL-1α)↑153,?154, (IL-1β)No change?153 | |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | (IL-1β)↓54 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | No change?155 | |
| IL-2 | Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | No change?153,?154,?156 |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | ↓?54 | |
| IL-3 | Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | ↑?153 |
| IL-4 | Wet AMD | Serum | ↑?151 |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | No change?153,?154,?156 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | No change?155 | |
| IL-5 | Wet AMD | Serum | ↑?151 |
| Wet AMD | Plasma | ↓?54 | |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | No change?153,?156 | |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | ↓?54 | |
| IL-6 | Wet AMD Wet AMD | Plasma | ↑?44,?54,?152 |
| Aqueous humor | ↑?46,?153, ↓?29, No change?154,?156 | ||
| Wet AMD | Serum | No change?150 | |
| Wet AMD | Blood | ↑?157 | |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | ↑?54 | |
| Dry AMD | Serum | ↑?158 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | No change?155,?159 | |
| IL-8 | Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | ↑?46,?153,?160, No change?29,?154,?156 |
| Wet AMD | Plasma | No change?44,?152 | |
| Dry AMD | Serum | ↑?158 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | No change?155, ↑159 | |
| IL-10 | Wet AMD | Serum | ↑?151 |
| Wet AMD | Plasma | ↓?54, ↑?44,?152 | |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | No change?153,?154,?156 | |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | ↓?54 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | No change?155 | |
| IL-12 | Wet AMD | Plasma | ↓?54 |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | (IL-12p40)↑?153, (IL-12p70)↓161, No change?29,?154, (IL-12p70)No change?46,?153,?156 | |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | ↓?54 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | (IL-12p70)No change?155 | |
| IL-13 | Wet AMD | Serum | ↑?151 |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | ↓?156, No change?29,?46,?154 | |
| IL-17 | Wet AMD | Serum | ↑74,?151 |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | ↓156, No change?154 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | No change?155 | |
| NA | Macular lesion | ↑77 | |
| IL-23 | Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | No change?156 |
| GM-CSF | Wet AMD | Plasma | ↑?54 |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | ↓?162, No change?156 | |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | ↑?54 | |
| IFN | Wet AMD Wet AMD | Plasma | (IFN-γ)↑?54 |
| Serum | (IFN-β)↑?163 | ||
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | (IFN-α+IFN-β+IFN-γ)No change?153 | |
| Dry AMD | Serum | (IFN-β)No change163 | |
| Both | Serum | (IFN-α+IFN-γ)No change?163 | |
| NA | Plasma | (IFN-γ)No change?164 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | (IFN-γ)No change?155 | |
| TGF | Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | (TGF-β1)↑?165, (TGF-β2)↓?166, (TGF-α+TGF-β)No change?153 |
| Wet AMD | Vitreous | (TGF-β1)↑?167 | |
| TNF-α | Wet AMD | Blood | No change?157 |
| Wet AMD | Plasma | No change?168 | |
| Wet AMD | Aqueous humor | ↓?161, No change?46,?160 | |
| Dry AMD | Plasma | ↓?54 | |
| NA | Aqueous humor | No change?155 |
上面表格来自【2】
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附录：
上面表格中用到了很多参考文献，例如151，我们将附录中的一些参考文献中的数据填充到上面
上面表格来自【151】
?上面表格来自【44】
Table S1 Association between the serum levels of IL-22/IL-17 with patients’ characteristics
| IL-22 | IL-17 | |
| P value | P value | |
| Sex | 0.10 | 0.69 |
| CFH | 0.31 | 0.08 |
| C3 | 0.89 | 0.89 |
| C2/CFB | 0.80 | 0.10 |
| Diabetes | 0.55 | 0.48 |
| Hypertension | 0.08 | 0.56 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0.18 | 0.96 |
| IL-22 | IL-17 | |
| Pearson correlation coefficient | Pearson correlation coefficient | |
| Age | 0.096 | 0.072 |
?上面内容来自【74】
上面内容来自【77】
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Reference：
【1】
【2】The Role of Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration - PMC
【151】?Serum cytokines as biomarkers for age-related macular degeneration - PubMed
?【74】
