多对一的处理
多对一:
- 多个学生,对应一个老师
- 对于学生而言,多个学生关联一个老师(关联关系,多对一,association)
- 对于老师而言,一个老师集合了多个学生(集合关系,一对多,collection)
SQL:
create table `teacher`(
`id` int(10) not null,
`name` varchar(30) default null,
primary key (`id`)
)engine=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into teacher(`id`,`name`) values(1,'秦老师')
create table `student`(
`id` int(10) not null,
`name` varchar(30) default null,
`tid` int(10) default null,
primary key (`id`),
key `fktid` (`tid`),
constraint `fktid` foreign key (`tid`) references `teacher` (`id`)
)engine=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `student` (id,name,tid) values('1','夏明','1');
insert into `student` (id,name,tid) values('2','晓晓','1');
insert into `student` (id,name,tid) values('3','江南','1');
insert into `student` (id,name,tid) values('4','卡卡','1');
insert into `student` (id,name,tid) values('5','帆帆','1');
select s.id,s.name,t.name from student s,teacher t where s.tid=t.id
按照查询嵌套处理
<!--
id:当前命名空间中的一个唯一标识,用于标识一个结果映射。
type:类的完全限定名, 或者一个类型别名
-->
<!-- 复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理
对象:association
集合:collection
-->
<!--
老师是一个对象,我们用association
property:映射到列结果的字段或属性
column:数据库中的列名。我们根据的是学生的tid查询老师的id,因此用到的是student表中的tid
javaType:一个 Java 类的完全限定名,或一个类型别名。我们写的是老师这个对象的全限定名
select:用于加载复杂类型属性的映射语句的 ID,它会从 column 属性指定的列中检索数据,作为参数传递给目标 select 语句
-->
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from student
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher" select="getTeacher" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{id}
</select>
<!--
思路:
1.查询所有的学生信息
2.根据查询出来的学生的tid,寻找对应的老师
-->
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from student
</select>
<!--
id:当前命名空间中的一个唯一标识,用于标识一个结果映射。
type:类的完全限定名, 或者一个类型别名
-->
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
<!-- 复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理
对象:association
集合:collection
-->
<!--
老师是一个对象,我们用association
property:映射到列结果的字段或属性
column:数据库中的列名。我们根据的是学生的tid查询老师的id,因此用到的是student表中的tid
javaType:一个 Java 类的完全限定名,或一个类型别名。我们写的是老师这个对象的全限定名
select:用于加载复杂类型属性的映射语句的 ID,它会从 column 属性指定的列中检索数据,作为参数传递给目标 select 语句
-->
<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher" select="getTeacher" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{id}
</select>
按照结果嵌套处理
<!-- 按照结果嵌套处理 -->
<!--
思路:
1.查询所有的学生信息
2.根据查询出来的学生的tid,寻找对应的老师
-->
<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname from student s,teacher t where s.tid=t.id
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
<result property="id" column="sid" />
<result property="name" column="sname" />
<association property="teacher" javaType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname" />
</association>
</resultMap>
代码流程
1.创建模板mybatis-06
2.创建数据库配置信息——db.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql:
username=root
password=root
3.创建mybatis配置信息——mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="db.properties"/>
<settings>
<!--标准的日志工厂实现-->
<!-- <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>-->
<!-- 配置log4j为日志的实现-->
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J" />
</settings>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.StudentMapper" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
4.创建mybatis工具类——MybatisUtils
package com.kuang.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static{
try {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
}
}
5.创建实体类
package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private Teacher teacher;
}
package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
}
6.创建接口——StudentMapper
package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Student;
import java.util.List;
public interface StudentMapper {
public List<Student> getStudent();
public List<Student> getStudent2();
}
7.创建接口配置类——StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.StudentMapper">
<!--
思路:
1.查询所有的学生信息
2.根据查询出来的学生的tid,寻找对应的老师
-->
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from student
</select>
<!--
id:当前命名空间中的一个唯一标识,用于标识一个结果映射。
type:类的完全限定名, 或者一个类型别名
-->
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
<!-- 复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理
对象:association
集合:collection
-->
<!--
老师是一个对象,我们用association
property:映射到列结果的字段或属性,学生对象的属性名
column:数据库中的列名,学生表中的字段名。我们根据的是学生的tid查询老师的id,因此用到的是student表中的tid
javaType:一个 Java 类的完全限定名,或一个类型别名。我们写的是老师这个对象的全限定名
select:用于加载复杂类型属性的映射语句的 ID,它会从 column 属性指定的列中检索数据,作为参数传递给目标 select 语句
-->
<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher" select="getTeacher" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{tid}
</select>
<!-- 按照结果嵌套处理 -->
<!--
思路:
1.查询所有的学生信息
2.根据查询出来的学生的tid,寻找对应的老师
-->
<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname from student s,teacher t where s.tid=t.id
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
<result property="id" column="sid" />
<result property="name" column="sname" />
<association property="teacher" javaType="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname" />
</association>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
8.创建测试类——StudentMapperTest
package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Student;
import com.kuang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
public class StudentMapperTest {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(StudentMapperTest.class);
@Test
public void getStudent(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
StudentMapper mapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
List<Student> student = mapper.getStudent();
for (Student s:student) {
System.out.println(s);
}
session.close();
}
@Test
public void getStudent2(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
StudentMapper mapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
List<Student> student = mapper.getStudent2();
for (Student s:student) {
System.out.println(s);
}
session.close();
}
}
9.各文件位置
一对多处理
比如:一个老师拥有多个学生 对于老师而言,就是一对多的关系
SQL:
select s.id sid,s.name sname, t.name tname,t.id tid from student s,teacher t
where s.tid=t.id and t.id=#{tid}
按照查询嵌套处理
<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select * from teacher where id=#{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
<collection property="students" select="getStudents" javaType="ArrayList" column="id"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudents" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
select * from student where tid=#{tid}
</select>
按照结果嵌套处理
<!-- 按结果嵌套查询-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent" >
select s.id sid,s.name sname, t.name tname,t.id tid from student s,teacher t
where s.tid=t.id and t.id=#{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
<result property="id" column="tid"/>
<result property="name" column="tname" />
<!--
javaType:指定的属性类型
集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取
-->
<collection property="students" ofType="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<result property="tid" column="tid"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
代码流程
1.创建模板mybatis-07
2.创建数据库配置信息——db.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql:
username=root
password=root
3.创建mybatis配置信息——mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="db.properties"/>
<settings>
<!--标准的日志工厂实现-->
<!-- <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>-->
<!-- 配置log4j为日志的实现-->
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J" />
</settings>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.TeacherMapper" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
4.创建mybatis工具类——MybatisUtils
package com.kuang.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static{
try {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
}
}
5.创建实体类
package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int tid;
}
package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;
@Data
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
private List<Student> students;
}
6.创建接口——TeacherMapper
package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Teacher;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface TeacherMapper {
Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
Teacher getTeacher2(@Param("tid") int id);
}
7.创建接口配置类——TeacherMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.TeacherMapper">
<!-- 按结果嵌套查询-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent" >
select s.id sid,s.name sname, t.name tname,t.id tida from student s,teacher t
where s.tid=t.id and t.id=#{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
<result property="id" column="tida"/>
<result property="name" column="tname" />
<!--
javaType:指定的属性类型
集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取
-->
<collection property="students" ofType="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<result property="tid" column="tid"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select * from teacher where id=#{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="com.kuang.pojo.Teacher">
<collection property="students" select="getStudents" javaType="ArrayList" column="id"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudents" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
select * from student where tid=#{tid}
</select>
</mapper>
8.创建测试类——TeacherMapperTest
package dao;
import com.kuang.dao.TeacherMapper;
import com.kuang.pojo.Teacher;
import com.kuang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
public class TeacherMapperTest {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TeacherMapperTest.class);
@Test
public void getTeacher(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
TeacherMapper t = (TeacherMapper)session.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
Teacher teacher = t.getTeacher(1);
System.out.println(teacher);
session.close();
}
@Test
public void getTeacher2(){
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
TeacherMapper t = (TeacherMapper)session.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
Teacher teacher = t.getTeacher2(1);
System.out.println(teacher);
session.close();
}
}
9.各文件位置
小结
1.关联-association 2.集合-collection 3.javaType&ofType javaType:用来指定实体类中属性的类型 ofType:用来指定映射到List或者集合中的pojo类型,泛型中的约束类型
注意点
- 保证SQL的可读性,尽量保证通俗易懂
- 注意一对多和多对一中,属性名和字段的问题
- 如果问题不好排查错误,建议使用log4j
参考:
Mybatis——配置解析 Invalid bound statement (not found)解决方法
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