[移动开发]android打开与分享文件

• 创建fileProvider

    <application>//放在application中
        <provider
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.h3c.sharedemo.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/filepaths"
               />
        </provider>
    </application>

• 创建filepaths
  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <files-path
        name="files-path"
        path="." />
    <cache-path
        name="cache-path"
        path="." />
    <external-path
        name="external_storage_root"
        path="." />
    <external-files-path
        name="external_file_path"
        path="." />
    <external-cache-path
        name="external_cache_path"
        path="." />
    <root-path
        name="root-path"
        path="" />
</paths>

• 通过intent分享

   Intent intent =new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
        intent.setType(FileUtil.getMIMEType(picFile));
        Uri contentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, picFile);
        intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM,contentUri);
        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        ComponentName comp = new ComponentName(packageName, activityName);
        intent.setComponent(comp);//这里指导打开的应用，不需要选择，因为我自定义应用选择器
        context.startActivity(intent);

• 通过intent查看

 Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        String type = FileUtil.getMIMEType(picFile);
        try {
            Log.e("getMIMEType", type);
            intent.setDataAndType(FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, picFile), type);
            context.startActivity(intent);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e(tag, e.toString());
        }

FileProvider:

public class FileProvider {

    public static Uri getUriForFile(Context context, File file) {
        Uri fileUri;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            fileUri = getUriForFile24(context, file);
        } else {
            fileUri = Uri.fromFile(file);
        }
        return fileUri;
    }

    public static Uri getUriForFile24(Context context, File file) {
        Uri fileUri = androidx.core.content.FileProvider.getUriForFile(context,
                "com.h3c.sharedemo.fileprovider",
                file);
        return fileUri;
    }

MineType获取:

 /**
     * @param file file
     * @return getMIMEType
     */
    public static String getMIMEType(File file) {
        String type = "*/*";
        String name = file.getName();
        int index = name.lastIndexOf('.');
        if (index < 0) {
            return type;
        }
        String end = name.substring(index).toLowerCase();
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(end)) return type;
        for (String[] strings : MIME_MapTable) {
            if (end.equals(strings[0])) type = strings[1];
        }
        return type;
    }

    private static final String[][] MIME_MapTable = {
            {".flv", "video/flv"},
            {".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
            {".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
            {".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
            {".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
            {".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
            {".bmp", "image/bmp"},
            {".c", "text/plain"},
            {".class", "application/octet-stream"},
            {".conf", "text/plain"},
            {".cpp", "text/plain"},
            {".doc", "application/msword"},
            {".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},
            {".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
            {".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},
            {".exe", "application/octet-stream"},
            {".gif", "image/gif"},
            {".gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
            {".gz", "application/x-gzip"},
            {".h", "text/plain"},
            {".htm", "text/html"},
            {".html", "text/html"},
            {".jar", "application/java-archive"},
            {".java", "text/plain"},
            {".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
            {".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
            {".js", "application/x-javascript"},
            {".log", "text/plain"},
            {".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
            {".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
            {".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
            {".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
            {".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
            {".m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
            {".mov", "video/quicktime"},
            {".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
            {".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
            {".mp4", "video/mp4"},
            {".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
            {".mpe", "video/mpeg"},
            {".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
            {".mpg", "video/mpeg"},
            {".mpg4", "video/mp4"},
            {".mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
            {".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
            {".ogg", "audio/ogg"},
            {".pdf", "application/pdf"},
            {".png", "image/png"},
            {".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
            {".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
            {".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},
            {".prop", "text/plain"},
            {".rc", "text/plain"},
            {".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
            {".rtf", "application/rtf"},
            {".sh", "text/plain"},
            {".tar", "application/x-tar"},
            {".tgz", "application/x-compressed"},
            {".txt", "text/plain"},
            {".wav", "audio/x-wav"},
            {".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
            {".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
            {".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
            {".xml", "text/plain"},
            {".z", "application/x-compress"},
            {".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"},
            {"", "*/*"}
    };

• 注意。如果Android10及以上，必须在application中添加下面一句,否则将无法读取到文件数据

 android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"