导读：
之前刚学安卓时，写过一篇“Android调用系统shareAPI实现分享转发功能”的文章，随着安卓版本的迭代更新以及其他APP的优化，安卓的这个shareAPI好像失效了，不怎么好使，已经获取不到有分享功能的APP列表，点击分享也会直接崩溃。并不是说我之前那篇文章的代码有错，只能说是时代有了变化，旧的方法已经不能满足新的需求，我并不打算删掉原来的那篇文章，旧文章地址如下（仅作参考）：
?最近开发一个收款APP，想把分享功能加入进去，然后发现旧的方法已经不行，这就难过了，网上一些大佬建议用第三方APP自带的分享SDK，但是我觉得用第三方的SDK太麻烦了，每个 APP都要申请接口账号和接口密钥，即便是使用其他人封装好的分享框架，也是需要去申请账号密钥的，一点也不方便，还是喜欢安卓原生态写法，简单便捷、一劳永逸。
经过我几番研究，最终完美实现了，效果图如下：
?一、xml布局文件
1、res/layout目录下创建share_dialog.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@drawable/shape_dialog_bg"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="16dp"
android:text="分享到..." />
<HorizontalScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:scrollbars="none" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<GridView
android:id="@+id/sharePopupWindow_gridView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:scrollbars="none" />
</LinearLayout>
</HorizontalScrollView>
<View
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="1px"
android:alpha="0.3"
android:background="#666" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/sharePopupWindow_close"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:padding="20dp"
android:text="取消"
android:textSize="16sp" />
</LinearLayout>2、res/layout目录下创建appinfo_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingBottom="8dp"
android:paddingLeft="16dp"
android:paddingRight="16dp"
android:paddingTop="8dp">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/appinfo_item_icon"
android:layout_width="48dp"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"
android:src="@drawable/logo"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/appinfo_item_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="2dp"
android:ellipsize="end"
android:singleLine="true"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:text="分享到……"/>
</LinearLayout>3、在res/values/styles.xml?中，添加以下代码，用来实现弹出窗背景效果：
<style name="circleDialog" parent="android:style/Theme.Dialog">
<!-- 背景透明,设置圆角对话框必须设置背景透明，否则四角会有背景色小块-->
<item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
<!-- 没有标题 -->
<item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>
<!-- 背景模糊 -->
<item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">true</item>
</style>二、创建一个实体类?AppInfo.java，用来保存应用信息
package net.zy13.skhelper.entity;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
/**
* APP信息实体类
*/
public class AppInfo {
private String appName;
private String packageName;
private String versionName;
private int versionCode;
private String launchClassName;
private Drawable appIcon;
public String getAppName() {
return appName;
}
public void setAppName(String appName) {
this.appName = appName;
}
public String getPackageName() {
return packageName;
}
public void setPackageName(String packageName) {
this.packageName = packageName;
}
public String getVersionName() {
return versionName;
}
public void setVersionName(String versionName) {
this.versionName = versionName;
}
public int getVersionCode() {
return versionCode;
}
public void setVersionCode(int versionCode) {
this.versionCode = versionCode;
}
public String getLaunchClassName() {
return launchClassName;
}
public void setLaunchClassName(String launchClassName) {
this.launchClassName = launchClassName;
}
public Drawable getAppIcon() {
return appIcon;
}
public void setAppIcon(Drawable appIcon) {
this.appIcon = appIcon;
}
}三、重写PopupWindow控件SharePopupWindow.java，自定义分享的弹窗
package net.zy13.skhelper.view;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.ActionBar.LayoutParams;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;
import net.zy13.skhelper.R;
import net.zy13.skhelper.adapter.AppInfoAdapter;
import net.zy13.skhelper.entity.AppInfo;
import net.zy13.skhelper.utils.LogUtil;
import net.zy13.skhelper.utils.MapTable;
import net.zy13.skhelper.utils.ShareUtil;
public class SharePopupWindow extends PopupWindow {
//每行显示多少个
private static final int NUM = 5;
private View mMenuView;
private GridView mGridView;
private TextView mTextViewClose;
private AppInfoAdapter mAdapter;
private List<AppInfo> mAppinfoList;
private String imgpath;
private String shareTitle;
private String shareContent;
public void setImgpath(String imgpath) {
this.imgpath = imgpath;
}
public void setShareTitle(String shareTitle) {
this.shareTitle = shareTitle;
}
public void setShareContent(String shareContent) {
this.shareContent = shareContent;
}
/**
* 构造函数
* @param context
*/
public SharePopupWindow(final Context context) {
super(context);
LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
mMenuView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.share_dialog, null);
//获取控件
mGridView=(GridView) mMenuView.findViewById(R.id.sharePopupWindow_gridView);
mTextViewClose=(TextView) mMenuView.findViewById(R.id.sharePopupWindow_close);
//获取所有的非系统应用
mAppinfoList = ShareUtil.getAllApps(context);
//适配GridView
mAdapter=new AppInfoAdapter(context, mAppinfoList);
mGridView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
//修改GridView
changeGridView(context);
mGridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
long id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//使用其他APP打开文件
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
//LogUtil.debug("图片地址："+imgpath);
//我这里分享的是图片，如果你要分享链接和文本，可以在这里自行发挥
Uri uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, "fileprovider", new File(imgpath));
intent.setDataAndType(uri, MapTable.getMIMEType(imgpath));
context.startActivity(intent);
}
});
//取消按钮
mTextViewClose.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
dismiss();
}
});
//设置SelectPicPopupWindow的View
this.setContentView(mMenuView);
//设置SelectPicPopupWindow弹出窗体的宽
this.setWidth(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);
//设置SelectPicPopupWindow弹出窗体的高
this.setHeight(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
//设置SelectPicPopupWindow弹出窗体可点击
this.setFocusable(true);
//设置窗口外也能点击（点击外面时，窗口可以关闭）
this.setOutsideTouchable(true);
//设置SelectPicPopupWindow弹出窗体动画效果
this.setAnimationStyle(R.style.circleDialog);
//实例化一个ColorDrawable颜色为半透明
ColorDrawable dw = new ColorDrawable(0x00000000);
//设置SelectPicPopupWindow弹出窗体的背景
this.setBackgroundDrawable(dw);
}
/**
* 将GridView改成单行横向布局
*/
private void changeGridView(Context context) {
// item宽度
int itemWidth = dip2px(context, 90);
// item之间的间隔
int itemPaddingH = dip2px(context, 1);
//计算一共显示多少行;
int size = mAppinfoList.size();
//int row=(size<=NUM) ? 1 :( (size%NUM>0) ? size/NUM+1 : size/NUM );
//每行真正显示多少个
int rowitem = (size<NUM)?size:NUM;
// 计算GridView宽度
int gridviewWidth = rowitem * (itemWidth + itemPaddingH);
LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
gridviewWidth, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
mGridView.setLayoutParams(params);
mGridView.setColumnWidth(itemWidth);
mGridView.setHorizontalSpacing(itemPaddingH);
mGridView.setStretchMode(GridView.NO_STRETCH);
mGridView.setNumColumns(rowitem);
}
/**
* 根据手机的分辨率从 dp 的单位 转成为 px(像素)
* @param context 上下文
* @param dpValue dp值
* @return px值
*/
public static int dip2px(Context context, float dpValue) {
final float scale = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
return (int) (dpValue * scale + 0.5f);
}
}四、使用provider
1、在清单文件AndroidManifest.xml
的<application>标签内添加provider
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="fileprovider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/filepaths"/>
</provider>注意：要与activity标签同级?
?2、在res/xml目录添加filepaths.xml，代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!--
1、name对应的属性值，开发者可以自由定义；
2、path对应的属性值，当前external-path标签下的相对路径
-->
<!--1、对应内部内存卡根目录：Context.getFileDir()-->
<files-path
name="int_root"
path="/" />
<!--2、对应应用默认缓存根目录：Context.getCacheDir()-->
<cache-path
name="app_cache"
path="/" />
<!--3、对应外部内存卡根目录：Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()-->
<external-path
name="ext_root"
path="Documents/" />
<!--4、对应外部内存卡根目录下的APP公共目录：Context.getExternalFileDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES)-->
<external-files-path
name="ext_pub"
path="/" />
<!--5、对应外部内存卡根目录下的APP缓存目录：Context.getExternalCacheDir()-->
<external-cache-path
name="ext_cache"
path="/" />
</paths>
四、写一个工具类?
ShareUtil.java
package net.zy13.skhelper.utils;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import net.zy13.skhelper.MainApplication;
import net.zy13.skhelper.entity.AppInfo;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ShareUtil {
/**
* 查询手机内所有的应用列表
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static List<AppInfo> getAllApps(Context context) {
List<AppInfo> appList = new ArrayList<AppInfo>();
PackageManager pm=context.getPackageManager();
List<PackageInfo> packages = pm.getInstalledPackages(0);
for (int i = 0;i< packages.size();i++) {
PackageInfo packageInfo = packages.get(i);
AppInfo tmpInfo = new AppInfo();
tmpInfo.setAppName(packageInfo.applicationInfo.loadLabel(pm).toString());
tmpInfo.setPackageName(packageInfo.packageName);
tmpInfo.setVersionName(packageInfo.versionName);
tmpInfo.setVersionCode(packageInfo.versionCode);
tmpInfo.setAppIcon(packageInfo.applicationInfo.loadIcon(pm));
//如果非系统应用，则添加至appList
if ((packageInfo.applicationInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) == 0) {
//排除当前应用（替换成你的应用包名即可）
if(!packageInfo.packageName.equals("net.zy13.skhelper")) {
appList.add(tmpInfo);
}
}
}
return appList;
}
/**
* 保存图片到缓存里
* @param bitmap
* @return
*/
public static String SaveTitmapToCache(Bitmap bitmap){
// 默认保存在应用缓存目录里 Context.getCacheDir()
File file=new File(MainApplication.getAppContext().getCacheDir(),System.currentTimeMillis()+".png");
try {
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bos);
bos.flush();
bos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return file.getPath();
}
}五、GridView的适配器?AppInfoAdapter.java
package net.zy13.skhelper.adapter;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import net.zy13.skhelper.R;
import net.zy13.skhelper.entity.AppInfo;
import java.util.List;
public class AppInfoAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private Context context;
private List<AppInfo> mAppinfoList;
private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickLitener;
public AppInfoAdapter(Context context, List<AppInfo> mAppinfoList) {
super();
this.context = context;
this.mAppinfoList = mAppinfoList;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return mAppinfoList.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return 0;
}
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
AppInfo appInfo = mAppinfoList.get(position);
// 加载布局
View view;
ViewHolder viewHolder;
if (convertView == null) {
view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.appinfo_item, null);
viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);
// 将ViewHolder存储在View中
view.setTag(viewHolder);
} else {
view = convertView;
// 重新获取ViewHolder
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
}
//设置控件的值
viewHolder.imageViewIcon.setImageDrawable(appInfo.getAppIcon());
String name=appInfo.getAppName();
viewHolder.textViewName.setText(name);
return view;
}
class ViewHolder {
ImageView imageViewIcon;
TextView textViewName;
public ViewHolder(View view) {
this.imageViewIcon = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.appinfo_item_icon);
this.textViewName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.appinfo_item_name);
}
}
}六、自定义分享窗口SharePopupWindow的调用?
private LinearLayout mLayoutRoot;
private ImageView mImageView;
//获取根布局
mLayoutRoot=(LinearLayout)view.findViewById(R.id.LayoutRoot);
//获取图片控件
mImageView=(ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.image_qrcode);
// 获取ImageView图片
mImageView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
Bitmap bitmap =Bitmap.createBitmap(mImageViewQrcode.getDrawingCache());
mImageView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
String imgpath=ShareUtil.SaveTitmapToCache(bitmap);
//实例化分享窗口
SharePopupWindow spw = new SharePopupWindow(mContext);
spw.setImgpath(imgpath);
// 显示窗口
spw.showAtLocation(mLayoutRoot, Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 0);