[移动开发]Android开发：Jetpack Compose ButtonIconButton等各种Button的讲解

前言

本文会讲解Button，IconButton, ExtendedFloatingActionButton, FloatingActionButton,IconToggleButton,OutlinedButton,RadioButton,TextButton这几个Button的用法详解，感兴趣的请往下看

一：Button的用法

先来看看Button的源码(OutlinedButton跟Button的属性一样只是两个按钮的形状不太一样)

@Composable
fun Button(
    onClick: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    enabled: Boolean = true,
    interactionSource: MutableInteractionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() },
    elevation: ButtonElevation? = ButtonDefaults.elevation(),
    shape: Shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.small,
    border: BorderStroke? = null,
    colors: ButtonColors = ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(),
    contentPadding: PaddingValues = ButtonDefaults.ContentPadding,
    content: @Composable RowScope.() -> Unit
) {
   ...
}

• content 是表示Button的内容。比如里面可以是一个Text
• onClick点击的回调

    @Preview()
    @Composable
    fun buttonTest(){
      val context = LocalContext.current
      Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
          Button(
              onClick = {
                  Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
               }
          ){
              Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login))
          }
      }
    }
    

• modifier 修饰符
• enabled 是否可以 (不可用默认是灰色，可用默认是蓝色)

    @Preview()
    @Composable
    fun buttonTest(){
      val context = LocalContext.current
      Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
          Button(
              onClick = {
                  Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
               },
              modifier= Modifier.size(80.dp, 40.dp).clip(RoundedCornerShape(20.dp)),
              enabled = true
          ){
              Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login))
          }
      }
    }

• border 边框，BorderStroke(width,color)可以设置边框的颜色跟线的宽度。第一个参数width是边框线的宽度，color是边框线的颜色

    @Preview()
    @Composable
    fun buttonTest(){
      val context = LocalContext.current
      Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
          Button(
              onClick = {
                  Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
               },
              modifier= Modifier.size(80.dp, 40.dp).clip(RoundedCornerShape(20.dp)),
              enabled = true,
              border = BorderStroke(1.dp,color = Color.Black)
          ){
              Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login))
          }
      }
    }

• interactionSource 可以处理状态的，比如按下的时候什么效果，正常时候什么效果。类似之前再布局文件里写Selector。 比如我们下面的例子中设置，如果是选中时候边框线的颜色是绿色，没有选中时候是黑色。 interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState() 判断是否按下状态interactionSource.collectIsFocusedAsState() 判断是否获取焦点的状态interactionSource.collectIsDraggedAsState() 判断是否拖动

    @Preview()
    @Composable
    fun buttonTest(){
      val context = LocalContext.current
      val interactionSource = remember {
          MutableInteractionSource()
      }
      val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
      val borderColor = if (pressState.value) Color.Green else Color.Black
      
      Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
          Button(
              onClick = {
                  Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
               },
              modifier= Modifier.size(80.dp, 40.dp).clip(RoundedCornerShape(20.dp)),
              enabled = true,
              border = BorderStroke(1.dp,color = borderColor),
              interactionSource = interactionSource
          ){
              Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login))
          }
      }
    }

• shape 形状 比如我们可以设置RoundedCornerShape(20)圆角20dp
• elevation 阴影ButtonDefaults.elevation(defaultElevation,pressedElevation,disabledElevation)三个属性值，第一个defaultElevation表示默认的阴影，pressedElevation表示按下时的阴影，disabledElevation表示未启用时候的阴影。

    @Preview()
    @Composable
    fun buttonTest(){
      val context = LocalContext.current
      val interactionSource = remember {
          MutableInteractionSource()
      }
      val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
      val borderColor = if (pressState.value) Color.Green else Color.Black
      
      Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
          Button(
              onClick = {
                  Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
               },
              modifier= Modifier.size(80.dp, 40.dp).clip(RoundedCornerShape(20.dp)),
              enabled = true,
              border = BorderStroke(1.dp,color = borderColor),
              interactionSource = interactionSource,
              shape = RoundedCornerShape(20),
              elevation = ButtonDefaults.elevation(2.dp,8.dp,0.dp)
          ){
              Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login))
          }
      }
    }

• colors 通过ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(backgroundColor,contentColor,disabledBackgroundColor,disabledContentColor)设置颜色。第一个参数backgroundColor表示设置背景颜色，第二个参数contentColor表示设置内容颜色这里比如说是登录文本的颜色。第三个参数disabledBackgroundColor表示enable等于false的时候的背景颜色，第四个参数disabledContentColor表示enable等于false时候的内容的颜色。

    @Preview()
    @Composable
    fun buttonTest(){
      val context = LocalContext.current
      val interactionSource = remember {
          MutableInteractionSource()
      }
      val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
      val borderColor = if (pressState.value) Color.Green else Color.Black
      
      Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
          Button(
              onClick = {
                  Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
               },
              modifier= Modifier.size(80.dp, 40.dp).clip(RoundedCornerShape(20.dp)),
              enabled = true,
              border = BorderStroke(1.dp,color = borderColor),
              interactionSource = interactionSource,
              elevation = ButtonDefaults.elevation(2.dp,8.dp,0.dp),
              shape = RoundedCornerShape(20),
              colors = ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(backgroundColor = Color.Red,contentColor = Color.Yellow,disabledBackgroundColor = Color.DarkGray,disabledContentColor = Color.Black)
          ){
              Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login))
          }
      }
    }

• contentPadding 通过 PaddingValues()去设置。默认是ButtonDefaults.ContentPadding。表示内容的内边距。 PaddingValues有如下几个方法

  • PaddingValues(all) all表示上下左右都用该边距
  • PaddingValues(horizontal: Dp, vertical: Dp)
  • PaddingValues( start: Dp = 0.dp, top: Dp = 0.dp, end: Dp = 0.dp, bottom: Dp = 0.dp)

  @Preview()
  @Composable
  fun buttonTest(){
   val context = LocalContext.current
   val interactionSource = remember {
       MutableInteractionSource()
   }
   val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
   val borderColor = if (pressState.value) Color.Green else Color.Black
   
   Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
       Button(
           onClick = {
               Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
            },
           modifier= Modifier.size(80.dp, 40.dp).clip(RoundedCornerShape(20.dp)),
           enabled = true,
           border = BorderStroke(1.dp,color = borderColor),
           interactionSource = interactionSource,
           elevation = ButtonDefaults.elevation(2.dp,8.dp,0.dp),
           shape = RoundedCornerShape(20),
           colors = ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(backgroundColor = Color.Red,contentColor = Color.Yellow,disabledBackgroundColor = Color.DarkGray,disabledContentColor = Color.Black),
           contentPadding = ButtonDefaults.ContentPadding
           // 或者是contentPadding = PaddingValues(4.dp)
       ){
           Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login))
       }
   }
  }
  
  

二：IconButton的用法

IconButton的构造方法如下

@Composable
fun IconButton(
    onClick: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    enabled: Boolean = true,
    interactionSource: MutableInteractionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() },
    content: @Composable () -> Unit
){
   ...
}

• onClick 点击回调
• modifier 修饰符
• enabled 是否可用
• content 该控件包含的内容
• interactionSource 跟Button一样，可以根据不同状态去处理一些逻辑。比如按下时候如何，没有按下时候如何。

如下举例。比如IconButton是一个左边是+的icon，右边是文本的控件。该文本如果按下时候是显示减少，不按下显示添加。

@Preview()
@Composable
fun iconButtonTest(){
    val context = LocalContext.current
    val interactionSource = remember {
        MutableInteractionSource()
    }
    val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
    val pressText = if(pressState.value) "减少" else "添加"
    Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
        IconButton(
            onClick = {
              Toast.makeText(context,"点击了添加",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
            },
            modifier = Modifier.size(80.dp,40.dp).clip(RoundedCornerShape(20)),
            enabled = true,
            interactionSource = interactionSource
            ){
             Row(verticalAlignment=Alignment.CenterVertically) {
               Icon(imageVector = Icons.Filled.Add, contentDescription = "添加的按钮",tint = Color.Red)
               Text(text = pressText,fontSize = 8.sp)
             }
        }
    }
}

三：FloatingActionButton和ExtendedFloatingActionButton的用法

FloatingActionButton是Material风格的控件，默认是浮动在右下角的圆形控件。FloatingActionButton的构造函数方法如下：

@Composable
fun FloatingActionButton(
    onClick: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    interactionSource: MutableInteractionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() },
    shape: Shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.small.copy(CornerSize(percent = 50)),
    backgroundColor: Color = MaterialTheme.colors.secondary,
    contentColor: Color = contentColorFor(backgroundColor),
    elevation: FloatingActionButtonElevation = FloatingActionButtonDefaults.elevation(),
    content: @Composable () -> Unit
){
    ...
}

• onClick 点击回调
• modifier 修饰符
• interactionSource 跟上面一样，处理不同状态的
• shape 形状
• backgroundColor 背景颜色
• contentColor内容颜色
• elevation阴影
• content 内容控件（其实ExtendedFloatingActionButton就是在该内容里添加了一个Row，Row里放了个文本跟Icon）

@Preview()
@Composable
fun floatingActionButtonTest(){
    val context = LocalContext.current
    val interactionSource = remember {
        MutableInteractionSource()
    }
    val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
    val pressText = if(pressState.value) "减少" else "添加"
    Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
       FloatingActionButton(
            onClick = {
              Toast.makeText(context,"点击了按钮",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
            },
            modifier = Modifier.size(80.dp),
            interactionSource = interactionSource,
            shape = RoundedCornerShape(25.dp),
            backgroundColor = Color.Green,
            contentColor = Color.Blue,
            elevation = FloatingActionButtonDefaults.elevation(defaultElevation=8.dp,pressedElevation = 10.dp)
        ){
            Row(verticalAlignment=Alignment.CenterVertically) {
                Icon(imageVector = Icons.Filled.Add, contentDescription = "Add",tint = Color.Red)
                Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(10.dp))
                Text(text = "按钮",fontSize =12.sp,color = Color.White)
            }
        }
}

ExtendedFloatingActionButton是FloatingActionButton的扩展 ExtendedFloatingActionButton的构造方法如下

@Composable
fun ExtendedFloatingActionButton(
    text: @Composable () -> Unit,
    onClick: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    icon: @Composable (() -> Unit)? = null,
    interactionSource: MutableInteractionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() },
    shape: Shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.small.copy(CornerSize(percent = 50)),
    backgroundColor: Color = MaterialTheme.colors.secondary,
    contentColor: Color = contentColorFor(backgroundColor),
    elevation: FloatingActionButtonElevation = FloatingActionButtonDefaults.elevation()
) {
    ...
}

• text显示的文本控件
• onClick 点击回调
• modifier 修饰符
• icon 显示的icon控件
• interactionSource 跟上面一样，处理不同状态的
• shape 形状
• backgroundColor 背景颜色
• contentColor内容颜色
• elevation阴影 通过FloatingActionButtonDefaults.elevation(defaultElevation,pressedElevation)设置，第一个参数是默认阴影，第二个是按下时候的阴影

@Preview()
@Composable
fun extendedFloatingActionButtonTest(){
    val context = LocalContext.current
    val interactionSource = remember {
        MutableInteractionSource()
    }
    val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
    val pressText = if(pressState.value) "减少" else "添加"
    Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
        ExtendedFloatingActionButton(text = { Text(text = pressText,fontSize =12.sp,color = Color.White)},onClick = {
            Toast.makeText(context,"点击了按钮",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        },
//            modifier = Modifier.size(50.dp),
            icon ={
              Icon(imageVector = Icons.Filled.Add, contentDescription = "Add",tint = Color.Red)
            },
            interactionSource = interactionSource,
            shape = RoundedCornerShape(25.dp),
            backgroundColor = Color.Green,
            contentColor = Color.Blue,
            elevation = FloatingActionButtonDefaults.elevation(defaultElevation=8.dp,pressedElevation = 10.dp))
    }
}

四：IconToggleButton的用法

IconToggleButton是属于那种用于点赞，收藏的那种Icon可以改变状态的控件。代码如下：

@Composable
fun IconToggleButton(
    checked: Boolean,
    onCheckedChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    enabled: Boolean = true,
    interactionSource: MutableInteractionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() },
    content: @Composable () -> Unit
) {
   ...
}

• checked 是否选中的状态
• onCheckedChange 是否选中状态变化的监听
• modifier 修饰符
• enabled 是否可用
• interactionSource 跟上面Button解释一致
• content 控件内容

比如我们举个例子，在点赞按下或者选中的时候，用红色的点赞，否则用黑色的点赞图标

@Preview()
@Composable
fun iconToggleButtonTest(){
    val context = LocalContext.current
    val interactionSource = remember {
        MutableInteractionSource()
    }
    val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
    var isCheck = remember {
        mutableStateOf(false)
    }
    Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
         IconToggleButton(
            checked = isCheck.value,
            onCheckedChange = {
             isCheck.value = it
            },
            modifier = Modifier.size(50.dp),
            enabled = true,
            interactionSource = interactionSource
        ){
               Icon(imageVector = Icons.Filled.Favorite, contentDescription = "点赞图标",tint = if(isCheck.value || pressState.value) Color.Red else Color.Black)
        }
    }
}

五：RadioButton的用法

RadioButton是单选按钮，RadioButton的代码如下

@Composable
fun RadioButton(
    selected: Boolean,
    onClick: (() -> Unit)?,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    enabled: Boolean = true,
    interactionSource: MutableInteractionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() },
    colors: RadioButtonColors = RadioButtonDefaults.colors()
){
    ...
}

• selected 是否选中
• onClick 点击回调
• modifier 修饰符
• enabled 是否可用
• interactionSource 跟上面Button解释一致
• colors 设置颜色 RadioButtonDefaults.colors(selectedColor, unselectedColor,disabledColor)方法有三个参数，第一个selectedColor表示选中时候的颜色，第二个参数unselectedColor表示没有选中时候的颜色，第三个disabledColor表示不可用时候的颜色。

@Preview()
@Composable
fun iconToggleButtonTest(){
    val context = LocalContext.current
    val interactionSource = remember {
        MutableInteractionSource()
    }
    val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
    var isCheck = remember {
        mutableStateOf(false)
    }
    Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
          RadioButton(
          selected = isCheck.value,
          onClick = {
            isCheck.value = !isCheck.value
          },
          modifier = Modifier.size(50.dp),
          enabled = true,
          interactionSource = interactionSource,
          colors = RadioButtonDefaults.colors(selectedColor = Color.Red,unselectedColor = Color.Black,disabledColor = Color.Gray))
    }
}

六：TextButton的用法

TextButton文本按钮，来看看TextButton的代码，其实TextButton就是new了Button。

@Composable
fun TextButton(
    onClick: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    enabled: Boolean = true,
    interactionSource: MutableInteractionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() },
    elevation: ButtonElevation? = null,
    shape: Shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.small,
    border: BorderStroke? = null,
    colors: ButtonColors = ButtonDefaults.textButtonColors(),
    contentPadding: PaddingValues = ButtonDefaults.TextButtonContentPadding,
    content: @Composable RowScope.() -> Unit
) = Button(
    onClick = onClick,
    modifier = modifier,
    enabled = enabled,
    interactionSource = interactionSource,
    elevation = elevation,
    shape = shape,
    border = border,
    colors = colors,
    contentPadding = contentPadding,
    content = content
)

• onClick 点击事件
• modifier 修饰符
• enabled 是否可用
• interactionSource 跟Button一致
• elevation 阴影
• shape 形状设置
• border 边框设置
• colors 颜色设置
• contentPadding 内容边距的设置
• content 包含的控件

@Preview()
@Composable
fun textButtonTest(){
    val context = LocalContext.current
    val interactionSource = remember {
        MutableInteractionSource()
    }
    val pressState = interactionSource.collectIsPressedAsState()
    Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(10.dp,10.dp)) {
         TextButton(
            onClick = {
                Toast.makeText(context,"点击了登录",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
            },
            modifier = Modifier
                .size(80.dp, 40.dp)
                .clip(RoundedCornerShape(20)),
            enabled = true,
            interactionSource = interactionSource,
            elevation = ButtonDefaults.elevation(2.dp,8.dp,0.dp),
            shape = RoundedCornerShape(20),
            border = BorderStroke(1.dp, if(pressState.value) Color.Red else Color.Yellow),
            colors = ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(backgroundColor = Color.Blue,contentColor = Color.White,disabledBackgroundColor = Color.Gray,disabledContentColor = Color.Black),
            contentPadding = ButtonDefaults.ContentPadding) {
                Text(text = stringResource(id = R.string.login),fontSize = 14.sp)
        }
    }
}

文末

今天的文章就到这里，感谢您的阅读，有问题可以在评论区留言探讨，期待与大家共同进步。喜欢的话不要忘了三连。大家的支持和认可，是我分享的最大动力。