[移动开发]Android开发工具类、样式、一些配置

一、工具类

1.Log输出

增强型Log输出工具类

package xxx;

import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * 增强型Log工具，提取自XUtils工具集，强化了输出功能，可以输出长字符串
 * 自定义TAG输出格式：customTagPrefix:className.methodName(L:lineNumber)
 */
public class LogEx {
    public static boolean isDebug = true;
    public static String customTagPrefix = "X_LOG";
    private static final int stringBuffer = 2000;

    private LogEx() {}

    private static String generateTag() {
        StackTraceElement caller = new Throwable().getStackTrace()[2];
        String tag = "%s.%s(L:%d)";
        String callerClazzName = caller.getClassName();
        callerClazzName = callerClazzName.substring(callerClazzName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
        tag = String.format(tag, callerClazzName, caller.getMethodName(), caller.getLineNumber());
        tag = TextUtils.isEmpty(customTagPrefix) ? tag : customTagPrefix + ":" + tag;
        return tag;
    }

    public static void d(String content) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("d", tag, content, null);
    }

    public static void d(String content, Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("d", tag, content, tr);
    }

    public static void e(String content) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("e", tag, content, null);
    }

    public static void e(String content, Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("e", tag, content, tr);
    }

    public static void i(String content) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("i", tag, content, null);
    }

    public static void i(String content, Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("i", tag, content, tr);
    }

    public static void v(String content) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("v", tag, content, null);
    }

    public static void v(String content, Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("v", tag, content, tr);
    }

    public static void w(String content) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("w", tag, content, null);
    }

    public static void w(String content, Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("w", tag, content, tr);
    }

    public static void w(Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("w", tag, null, tr);
    }

    public static void wtf(String content) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("wtf", tag, content, null);
    }

    public static void wtf(String content, Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("wtf", tag, content, tr);
    }

    public static void wtf(Throwable tr) {
        if (!isDebug) return;
        String tag = generateTag();
        printLog("wtf", tag, null, tr);
    }

    private static void printLog(String type, String tag, String content, Throwable tr) {
        long length = content.length();
        if (length < stringBuffer || length == stringBuffer) {
            switchLog(type, tag, content, tr);
        } else {
            while (content.length() > stringBuffer) {
                String logContent = content.substring(0, stringBuffer);
                content = content.replace(logContent, "");
                switchLog(type, tag, logContent, tr);
            }
            switchLog(type, tag, content, tr);
        }
    }

    private static void switchLog(String type, String tag, String content, Throwable tr) {
        switch (type.trim().toLowerCase()) {
            case "i":
                Log.i(tag, content, tr);
                break;
            case "v":
                Log.v(tag, content, tr);
                break;
            case "d":
                Log.d(tag, content, tr);
                break;
            case "e":
                Log.e(tag, content, tr);
                break;
            case "w":
                Log.w(tag, content, tr);
                break;
            case "wtf":
                Log.wtf(tag, content, tr);
            default:
                Log.i(tag, content, tr);
        }
    }
}

使用方式类似于Log类，加入了自定义的 X_LOG 前缀

LogEx.i(">>>>>>> onStart MainActivity screen size:" + 2400 + " " + 936);
//打印：I/X_LOG:MainActivity.onCreate(L:178): >>>>>>> onStart MainActivity screen size:2400 936

2.轻量存储SharedPreferences

其中使用到了MyApp.content，其实就是指向一个Context，也可以在构造时作为参数传递给工具类

MyApp.class 内容举例

public class MyApp extends Application {

    public static Context context;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        context = getApplicationContext();
    }
}

SpUtils 工具类如下

package xxx;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import xxx.MyApp;

/** 轻量存储工具类SharedPreferences */
public class SpUtils {

    private SharedPreferences sp;
    private SharedPreferences.Editor editor;

    /** 常量的形式保存KEY在此类里面 */
    public static final String USER_NAME = "username";

    private SpUtils(String name) {
        sp = MyApp.context.getSharedPreferences(name, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        editor = sp.edit();
    }

    /** 单例模式 */
    private static SpUtils instance;

    public static SpUtils getInstance(String name) {
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (SpUtils.class) {
                if (instance == null) {
                    instance = new SpUtils(name);
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /** String */
    public void putString(String spName, String value) {
        editor.putString(spName, value);
        editor.commit();
    }

    public String getString(String spName, String defaultvalue) {
        return sp.getString(spName, defaultvalue);
    }

    public String getString(String spName) {
        return sp.getString(spName, "");
    }

    /** Int */
    public void putInt(String spName, int value) {
        editor.putInt(spName, value);
        editor.commit();
    }

    public int getInt(String spName, int defaultvalue) {
        return sp.getInt(spName, defaultvalue);
    }

    /** Float */
    public void putFloat(String key, float value) {
        editor.putFloat(key, value);
        editor.commit();
    }

    public float getFloat(String key, float defValue) {
        return sp.getFloat(key, defValue);
    }

    /** Long */
    public void putLong(String key, long value) {
        editor.putLong(key, value);
        editor.commit();
    }

    public long getLong(String key, long defValue) {
        return sp.getLong(key, defValue);
    }

    /** Boolean */
    public void putBoolean(String key, boolean value) {
        editor.putBoolean(key, value);
        editor.commit();
    }

    public boolean getBoolean(String key, boolean defValue) {
        return sp.getBoolean(key, defValue);
    }

    /** 查看SP文件中是否存在此 key */
    public boolean hasExists(String fileName, String key) {
        return sp.contains(key);
    }

    /** 清空SP里所有数据 */
    public void clear() {
        editor.clear();
        editor.commit();
    }

    /** 删除SP里指定key对应的数据项 */
    public void remove(String key) {
        editor.remove(key);
        editor.commit();
    }
}

简单使用一下，例如：清空账号与密码缓存时的操作

// 重新登录时，缓存密码清空
SpUtils.getInstance("userinfo").putString("password", "");
SpUtils.getInstance("userinfo").putString("account", "");

二、主题与样式

1.主题

对于主题的介绍，我们来看以下博主们的精美文章吧，介绍的都很不错，我先划下水

https://blog.csdn.net/geduo_83/article/details/86561559

https://blog.csdn.net/l707941510/article/details/93772581

https://blog.csdn.net/xchaha/article/details/79047140

2.常用样式

1.按钮圆角背景

在 drawable 目录下新建 btn_radius_red.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <solid android:color="@color/colorPrimaryDark"/>
    <corners android:topLeftRadius="10dip"
        android:topRightRadius="10dip"
        android:bottomRightRadius="10dip"
        android:bottomLeftRadius="10dip" />
</shape>

使用：

android:background="@drawable/btn_radius_red"

<Button
	style="@style/text_12_white"
	android:layout_width="0dp"
	android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	android:layout_marginStart="@dimen/length_10"
	android:layout_marginEnd="@dimen/length_10"
	android:layout_weight="1"
	android:background="@drawable/btn_radius_red"
	android:minHeight="@dimen/length_30"
	android:text="保 存" />

效果：

2.按钮圆角边框

在 drawable 目录下新建 btn_border_red.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <corners android:radius="5dp" />
    <stroke
        android:width="1dp"
        android:color="@color/colorPrimary" />
    <solid android:color="@color/transparent" />
    <padding
        android:bottom="@dimen/length_2"
        android:left="@dimen/length_2"
        android:right="@dimen/length_2"
        android:top="@dimen/length_2" />
</shape>

使用：

android:background="@drawable/btn_border_red"

<Button
	android:layout_width="wrap_content"
	android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	android:layout_margin="@dimen/length_3"
	android:background="@drawable/btn_border_red"
	android:insetTop="@dimen/length_1"
	android:insetBottom="@dimen/length_1"
	android:minHeight="@dimen/length_25"
	android:text="OK"
	android:textColor="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
	android:textSize="@dimen/text_size_9" />

效果：

3.布局右下方阴影

在 drawable 目录下新建 layout_shadow_right.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp"
                android:left="0dp"
                android:right="2dp"
                android:top="0dp" />
            <solid android:color="#0DCCCCCC" />
            <corners android:radius="8dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp"
                android:left="0dp"
                android:right="2dp"
                android:top="0dp" />
            <solid android:color="#10CCCCCC" />
            <corners android:radius="8dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp"
                android:left="0dp"
                android:right="2dp"
                android:top="0dp" />
            <solid android:color="#15CCCCCC" />
            <corners android:radius="8dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp"
                android:left="0dp"
                android:right="2dp"
                android:top="0dp" />
            <solid android:color="#20CCCCCC" />
            <corners android:radius="8dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp"
                android:left="0dp"
                android:right="2dp"
                android:top="0dp" />
            <solid android:color="#30CCCCCC" />
            <corners android:radius="8dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape>
            <solid android:color="#FFFFFF" />
            <corners android:radius="4dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
</layer-list>

使用：

作用在 layout 布局上

android:background="@drawable/layout_shadow_right"

效果：

4.EditText 下划线

这个可以在 themes 文件中加入 style

<!-- 横线输入框样式-->
<style name="EditTextLine" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light">
    <item name="colorControlNormal">@color/white</item>
    <item name="colorControlActivated">@color/purple_200</item>
</style>

使用：

作用在 EditText 编辑框控件中

android:theme="@style/EditTextLine"

效果：

三、AVD设备

1.自定义分辨率设备

假设我要显示在一个 横屏 1920x1080 6 英寸的设备上，那么就可以打开 AVD Manager 进行添加

1.首先要新建一个 名为 Plus6 的 Hardware Profile

2.创建完成之后，我们需要选择该硬件并进行下一步

3.下一步就要选择该设备的 Android 版本了

4.然后基本创建完毕，我们可以最后命名或者调整一下横竖屏切换

5.现在我们去我们的 xml 布局页面去预览一下吧，有时候选项没有最新添加的这个设备那么就需要重启下软件即可