[嵌入式]STM32开发环境搭建

printf配置

在usart.c相应位置添加以下程序

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
/* USER CODE END 0 */


/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
#ifdef __GNUC__
//#if 0
/* With GCC/RAISONANCE, small printf (option LD Linker->Libraries->Small printf
     set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
#else
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
#endif /* __GNUC__ */
/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name  : PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
* Description    : Retargets the C library printf function to the USART.
* Input          : None
* Output         : None
* Return         : None
*******************************************************************************/
PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
{
  HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);
  // fflush(stdout);
  return ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 1 */

在使用时后面必须添加\r\n否则有可能打印不出来。

printf("printf test\r\n");

1 PlatformIO + Vscode

创建一个文件夹
用CubeMX新建工程，makefile输出
拖入platform.ini文件

; PlatformIO Project Configuration File
;
;   Build options: build flags, source filter
;   Upload options: custom upload port, speed and extra flags
;   Library options: dependencies, extra library storages
;   Advanced options: extra scripting
;
; Please visit documentation for the other options and examples
; https://docs.platformio.org/page/projectconf.html

[platformio]
src_dir = Core/Src

[env:genericSTM32F103ZE]
platform = ststm32
board = genericSTM32F103ZE
; framework = stm32cube
monitor_speed = 115200

upload_protocol = cmsis-dap ; 使用cmsis-dap烧写代码
debug_tool = cmsis-dap ; 使用cmsis-dap进行在线调试

;  表示使用项目目录下的链接文件 
board_build.ldscript = STM32F103ZETx_FLASH.ld

;  表示使用项目目录下的HAL库
build_flags =
  ; -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER
  ; -DSTM32F103xE
  -Wl,-u_printf_float
  -Wl,-u_scanf_float
  -ICore/Inc
  -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include
  -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include
  -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc
  -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy
  -IMiddlewares/Third_Party/FreeRTOS/Source/CMSIS_RTOS
  -IMiddlewares/Third_Party/FreeRTOS/Source/include
  -IMiddlewares/Third_Party/FreeRTOS/Source/portable/GCC/ARM_CM3
  
;  表示使用src_dir目录下的HAL库
src_filter = 
  +<./> 
  +<../../Middlewares/> 
  +<../../startup_stm32f103xe.s> 
  +<../../Drivers/> 

在core/src中添加syscalls.c

/* Support files for GNU libc.  Files in the system namespace go here.
   Files in the C namespace (ie those that do not start with an
   underscore) go in .c.  */

//#include <_ansi.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/times.h>
#include <errno.h>
//#include <reent.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#undef errno
extern int errno;

#define MAX_STACK_SIZE 0x2000

extern int __io_putchar(int ch) __attribute__((weak));
extern int __io_getchar(void) __attribute__((weak));

#ifndef FreeRTOS
register char *stack_ptr asm("sp");
#endif

caddr_t _sbrk(int incr) {
    extern char end asm("end");
    static char *heap_end;
    char *prev_heap_end;
    // char *min_stack_ptr;

    if (heap_end == 0) {
        heap_end = &end;
    }

    prev_heap_end = heap_end;

#ifdef FreeRTOS
    /* Use the NVIC offset register to locate the main stack pointer. */
    min_stack_ptr = (char *)(*(unsigned int *)*(unsigned int *)0xE000ED08);
    /* Locate the STACK bottom address */
    min_stack_ptr -= MAX_STACK_SIZE;

    if (heap_end + incr > min_stack_ptr)
#else
    if (heap_end + incr > stack_ptr)
#endif
    {
        //		write(1, "Heap and stack collision\n", 25);
        //		abort();
        errno = ENOMEM;
        return (caddr_t)-1;
    }

    heap_end += incr;

    return (caddr_t)prev_heap_end;
}

/*
 * _gettimeofday primitive (Stub function)
 * */
int _gettimeofday(struct timeval *tp, struct timezone *tzp) {
    /* Return fixed data for the timezone.  */
    if (tzp) {
        tzp->tz_minuteswest = 0;
        tzp->tz_dsttime = 0;
    }

    return 0;
}
void initialise_monitor_handles();

int _getpid(void) {
    return 1;
}

int _kill(int pid, int sig) {
    errno = EINVAL;
    return -1;
}

void _exit(int status) {
    _kill(status, -1);
    while (1);
}

int _write(int file, char *ptr, int len) {
    int DataIdx;

    for (DataIdx = 0; DataIdx < len; DataIdx++) {
        __io_putchar(*ptr++);
    }
    return len;
}

int _close(int file) {
    return -1;
}

int _fstat(int file, struct stat *st) {
    st->st_mode = S_IFCHR;
    return 0;
}

int _isatty(int file) {
    return 1;
}

int _lseek(int file, int ptr, int dir) {
    return 0;
}

int _read(int file, char *ptr, int len) {
    int DataIdx;

    for (DataIdx = 0; DataIdx < len; DataIdx++) {
        *ptr++ = __io_getchar();
    }

    return len;
}

int _open(char *path, int flags, ...) {
    /* Pretend like we always fail */
    return -1;
}

int _wait(int *status) {
    errno = ECHILD;
    return -1;
}

int _unlink(char *name) {
    errno = ENOENT;
    return -1;
}

int _times(struct tms *buf) {
    return -1;
}

int _stat(char *file, struct stat *st) {
    st->st_mode = S_IFCHR;
    return 0;
}

int _link(char *old, char *new) {
    errno = EMLINK;
    return -1;
}

int _fork(void) {
    errno = EAGAIN;
    return -1;
}

int _execve(char *name, char **argv, char **env) {
    errno = ENOMEM;
    return -1;
}

2 Keil + Vscode + Keil Assistant

用vscode打开工程MDK-ARM文件
在生成的c_cpp_properties.json文件中添加keil的安装路径

"{自己keil的安装路径}\\Keil_v5\\ARM\\ARMCC\\include",
"{自己keil的安装路径}\\Keil_v5\\ARM\\ARMCC\\include\\rw",

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