OPENMV-STM32串口通信
前言
最近要准备工巡赛,突然要发现需要进行视觉传动,所以我最近几天又温顾了一下Openmv,以前学习Openmv都是通过电脑对其进行控制,但是这样学习OpenMV是远远不够的,还需要实现与单片机的通信,本以为很简单,在CSDN,github上找了一些开源代码,然后进行复制与粘贴,原本我以为这就掌握了,但是在后期的传输我犯了许多低级的错误,中间也反映了我的一些不足,我最后通过OLED连进行数据传输,调试后,我特地写下此博客来记录我自己的学习经历。
硬件选择
我选择的是openmv4 CamH7智能摄像头,OLED, stm32f104c8t6, ST-JINK, 若干数据线和杜邦线
硬件的通信连接
这是openmv4 CamH7智能摄像头,由图可知openmv4 CamH7只有1个串口,USART3, 由图知UART_RX—P5 UART_TX—P4
那么在STM32中 我们选择PB10,PB11,来进行串口选择USART3.
STM32的TX(RX)接OpenMV的RX(TX),OLED连接到STM32即可
OPENMV软件分析
import sensor, image, time,math,pyb
from pyb import UART,LED
import json
import ustruct
sensor.reset()
sensor.set_pixformat(sensor.RGB565)
sensor.set_framesize(sensor.QVGA)
sensor.skip_frames(time = 2000)
sensor.set_auto_gain(False)
sensor.set_auto_whitebal(False)
red_threshold_01=(10, 100, 127, 32, -43, 67)
clock = time.clock()
uart = UART(3,115200)
uart.init(115200, bits=8, parity=None, stop=1)
def find_max(blobs):
max_size=0
for blob in blobs:
if blob.pixels() > max_size:
max_blob=blob
max_size = blob.pixels()
return max_blob
def sending_data(cx,cy,cw,ch):
global uart;
data = ustruct.pack("<bbhhhhb",
0x2C,
0x12,
int(cx),
int(cy),
int(cw),
int(ch),
0x5B)
uart.write(data);
while(True):
clock.tick()
img = sensor.snapshot()
blobs = img.find_blobs([red_threshold_01])
cx=0;cy=0;
if blobs:
max_b = find_max(blobs)
cx=max_b[5]
cy=max_b[6]
cw=max_b[2]
ch=max_b[3]
img.draw_rectangle(max_b[0:4])
img.draw_cross(max_b[5], max_b[6])
FH = bytearray([0x2C,0x12,cx,cy,cw,ch,0x5B])
uart.write(FH)
print(cx,cy,cw,ch)
在这里我借鉴了这位博主的代码乌拉 对于为什么不直接使用send()函数,在这里他是这么认为的 bytearray([, , ,])组合uart.write()的作用与直接调用sending_data(cx,cy,cw,ch)作用是一样的 我看来都无所谓,我是使用了send()函数,其实方法都无所谓的,只要能够传输数据就行。
在这里我们通过openmv对电脑进行串口通信来判断openmv是否通信成功,将openmv与TTL连接,打开串口助手XCOM来进行查看数据是否传输成功 串口通信成功,代码有效
让我们看看STM32的程序,我们要打开串口的驱动,我们要打开的串口驱动为USART3,
#include "uart.h"
#include "show.h"
#include "gpio.h"
u8 Cx=0,Cy=0,Cw=0,Ch=0;
void uart3_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART3,ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode=GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_11;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed=GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=USART3_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd=ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority=2;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
USART_Init(USART3, &USART_InitStructure);
USART_ITConfig(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(USART3, ENABLE);
USART_ClearFlag(USART3, USART_FLAG_TC);
}
void USART3_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 com_data;
u8 i;
static u8 RxCounter1=0;
static u16 RxBuffer1[10]={0};
static u8 RxState = 0;
static u8 RxFlag1 = 0;
if( USART_GetITStatus(USART3,USART_IT_RXNE)!=RESET)
{
USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART3,USART_IT_RXNE);
com_data = USART_ReceiveData(USART3);
if(RxState==0&&com_data==0x2C)
{
RxState=1;
RxBuffer1[RxCounter1++]=com_data;
OLED_Refresh_Gram();
}
else if(RxState==1&&com_data==0x12)
{
RxState=2;
RxBuffer1[RxCounter1++]=com_data;
}
else if(RxState==2)
{
RxBuffer1[RxCounter1++]=com_data;
if(RxCounter1>=10||com_data == 0x5B)
{
RxState=3;
RxFlag1=1;
Cx=RxBuffer1[RxCounter1-5];
Cy=RxBuffer1[RxCounter1-4];
Cw=RxBuffer1[RxCounter1-3];
Ch=RxBuffer1[RxCounter1-2];
}
}
else if(RxState==3)
{
if(RxBuffer1[RxCounter1-1] == 0x5B)
{
USART_ITConfig(USART3,USART_IT_RXNE,DISABLE);
if(RxFlag1)
{
OLED_Refresh_Gram();
OLED_ShowNumber(0, 0,Cx,3,16);
OLED_ShowNumber(0,17,Cy,3,16);
OLED_ShowNumber(0,33,Cw,3,16);
OLED_ShowNumber(0,49,Ch,3,16);
oled_show();
}
RxFlag1 = 0;
RxCounter1 = 0;
RxState = 0;
USART_ITConfig(USART3,USART_IT_RXNE,ENABLE);
}
else
{
RxState = 0;
RxCounter1=0;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
RxBuffer1[i]=0x00;
}
}
}
else
{
RxState = 0;
RxCounter1=0;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
RxBuffer1[i]=0x00;
}
}
}
}
代码解析:RxBuffer1[]数组是用来存储数据的,先存储帧头,后存储数据,帧头的数值可以任选,0x2c为数据帧的帧头,即检测到数据流的开始,但是一个帧头可能会出现偶然性,因此设置两个帧头0x2c与0x12以便在中断中检测是否检测到了帧头以便存放有用数据。0x5b为帧尾,即数据帧结束的标志。我们储存数据完毕需要7次中断,进行完7次中断后才能将数据输入进去。
OLED模块由于代码的数据量过多,而且我使用的是六针OLED,对于OLED的驱动可能会与市场常见的OLED可能不一样,在这里我先把OLED的驱动填写上,
#include "oled.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "oledfont.h"
#include "delay.h"
u8 OLED_GRAM[128][8];
void OLED_Refresh_Gram(void)
{
u8 i,n;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte (0xb0+i,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte (0x00,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte (0x10,OLED_CMD);
for(n=0;n<128;n++) OLED_WR_Byte(OLED_GRAM[n][i],OLED_DATA);
}
}
void OLED_WR_Byte(u8 dat,u8 cmd)
{
u8 i;
if(cmd)
OLED_RS_Set();
else
OLED_RS_Clr();
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_SCLK_Clr();
if(dat&0x80)
OLED_SDIN_Set();
else
OLED_SDIN_Clr();
OLED_SCLK_Set();
dat<<=1;
}
OLED_RS_Set();
}
void OLED_Display_On(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0X14,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0XAF,OLED_CMD);
}
void OLED_Display_Off(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0X10,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0XAE,OLED_CMD);
}
void OLED_Clear(void)
{
u8 i,n;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)for(n=0;n<128;n++)OLED_GRAM[n][i]=0X00;
OLED_Refresh_Gram();
}
void OLED_DrawPoint(u8 x,u8 y,u8 t)
{
u8 pos,bx,temp=0;
if(x>127||y>63)return;
pos=7-y/8;
bx=y%8;
temp=1<<(7-bx);
if(t)
OLED_GRAM[x][pos]|=temp;
else
OLED_GRAM[x][pos]&=~temp;
}
void OLED_ShowChar(u8 x,u8 y,u8 chr,u8 size,u8 mode)
{
u8 temp,t,t1;
u8 y0=y;
chr=chr-' ';
for(t=0;t<size;t++)
{
if(size==12) temp=oled_asc2_1206[chr][t];
else temp=oled_asc2_1608[chr][t];
for(t1=0;t1<8;t1++)
{
if(temp&0x80) OLED_DrawPoint(x,y,mode);
else OLED_DrawPoint(x,y,!mode);
temp<<=1;
y++;
if((y-y0)==size)
{
y=y0;
x++;
break;
}
}
}
}
u32 oled_pow(u8 m,u8 n)
{
u32 result=1;
while(n--)result*=m;
return result;
}
void OLED_ShowNumber(u8 x,u8 y,u32 num,u8 len,u8 size)
{
u8 t,temp;
u8 enshow=0;
for(t=0;t<len;t++)
{
temp=(num/oled_pow(10,len-t-1))%10;
if(enshow==0&&t<(len-1))
{
if(temp==0)
{
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,' ',size,1);
continue;
}
else enshow=1;
}
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,temp+'0',size,1);
}
}
void OLED_ShowString(u8 x,u8 y,const u8 *p)
{
#define MAX_CHAR_POSX 122
#define MAX_CHAR_POSY 58
while(*p!='\0')
{
if(x>MAX_CHAR_POSX){x=0;y+=16;}
if(y>MAX_CHAR_POSY){y=x=0;OLED_Clear();}
OLED_ShowChar(x,y,*p,12,1);
x+=8;
p++;
}
}
void OLED_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3|GPIO_Pin_4|GPIO_Pin_5;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
PWR_BackupAccessCmd(ENABLE);
RCC_LSEConfig(RCC_LSE_OFF);
BKP_TamperPinCmd(DISABLE);
PWR_BackupAccessCmd(DISABLE);
OLED_RST_Clr();
delay_ms(100);
OLED_RST_Set();
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD5,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(80,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA8,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0X3F,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD3,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0X00,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x8D,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x14,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x20,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x02,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA1,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xC0,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDA,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x12,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x81,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xEF,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD9,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xf1,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDB,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x30,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA4,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA6,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD);
OLED_Clear();
}
这是我OLED的驱动,针对的是0.96寸的6针OLED驱动屏幕,
效果展示图
CX,CY,CW,CH都在OLED中展现出来
最后,感觉我自己写的博客不咋样啊,我还是把我的代码分享给大家吧, 链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1uObuYJZnwb1hMOb5AYUdQw 提取码:1234 –来自百度网盘超级会员V3的分享 新手初次写博客,希望大家能够一起交流
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