[开发工具]Python实现画画功能

Python实现虚拟画板

可以自由选择画笔颜色，在电脑上运行，实现画画。
开发环境:Pycharm
作品效果（分为三层，手指的轨迹，图形轨迹层，最终效果呈现层）:

在Pycharm开发环境下需要提前导入以下几个库:
cv2, numpy, mediapipe…

程序如下：

import cv2
import numpy as np
import time
import os
import HandTrackingModule as htm

brushThickness = 15
eraserThickness = 100
folderPath = "pic"
myList = os.listdir(folderPath)
print(myList)
#叠加列表
overlayList = []
for imPath in myList:
    image = cv2.imread(f'{folderPath}/{imPath}')
    overlayList.append(image)
#打印列表（文件夹里个数）
print(len(overlayList))

header = overlayList[0]
drawColor = (255,0, 255)
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
#长，宽
cap.set(3, 1280)
cap.set(4, 720)
detector = htm.handDetector(detectionCon=0.85)
xp, yp = 0, 0
imgCanvas = np.zeros((720, 1280, 3), np.uint8)
while True:
    #1.import image
    #2.find hand landmarks
    #3.check which finder are up
    #4.Two fingers are up
    #5.Index

    #1
    success, img = cap.read()
    #翻转
    img = cv2.flip(img, 1)
    #2.找到手指
    img = detector.findHands(img)
    lmList = detector.findPosition(img, draw=False)
    if len(lmList)!=0:
        #print(lmList)

        x1, y1 = lmList[8][1:]
        x2, y2 = lmList[12][1:]
    #3.检查
        fingers = detector.fingersUp()
        #print(fingers)
    #4
        if fingers[1] and fingers[2]:
            xp, yp = 0, 0
            print("选择颜色")
            #检查是否在顶部
            if y1 < 125:
                if 250 < x1 < 450:
                    header = overlayList[0]
                    drawColor = (255, 0, 255)
                elif 550 < x1 < 750:
                    header = overlayList[1]
                    drawColor = (255, 0, 0)
                elif 800 < x1 < 950:
                    header = overlayList[2]
                    drawColor = (255, 255, 0)
                elif 1050 < x1 < 1200:
                    header = overlayList[3]
                    drawColor = (0, 0, 0)
            cv2.rectangle(img, (x1, y1 - 30), (x2, y2 + 30), drawColor, cv2.FILLED)

    #5
        if fingers[1] and fingers[2] == False:
            cv2.circle(img, (x1, y1), 25, drawColor, cv2.FILLED)
            print("开始绘图")
            if xp == 0 and yp == 0:
                xp, yp = x1, y1

            if drawColor == (0, 0, 0):
                cv2.line(img, (xp, yp), (x1, y1), drawColor, eraserThickness)
                cv2.line(imgCanvas, (xp, yp), (x1, y1), drawColor, eraserThickness)
            else:
                cv2.line(img, (xp, yp), (x1, y1), drawColor, brushThickness)
                cv2.line(imgCanvas, (xp, yp), (x1, y1), drawColor, brushThickness)

            xp, yp = x1, y1

    imgGray = cv2.cvtColor(imgCanvas, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    _, imgInv = cv2.threshold(imgGray, 50, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)
    imgInv = cv2.cvtColor(imgInv, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
    img = cv2.bitwise_and(img, imgInv)
    img = cv2.bitwise_or(img, imgCanvas)

    #setting the header image
    img[0:125, 0:1250] = header
    img = cv2.addWeighted(img, 0.5, imgCanvas, 0.5, 0)
    cv2.imshow("swx", img)
    cv2.imshow("Canvas", imgCanvas)
    cv2.imshow("sVINx", imgInv)
    cv2.waitKey(1)

import cv2
import mediapipe as mp
import time

class handDetector():
    def __init__(self, mode=False, maxHands = 2, detectionCon = 0.5, trackCon = 0.5):
        self.mode = mode
        self.maxHands = maxHands
        self.detectionCon = detectionCon
        self.trackCon = trackCon
        self.mpHands = mp.solutions.hands
        self.hands = self.mpHands.Hands(self.mode, self.maxHands,
                                     self.detectionCon, self.trackCon)
        self.mpDraw = mp.solutions.drawing_utils
        self.tipIds = [4, 8, 12, 16, 20]
    def findHands(self, img, draw=True):
        imgRGB = cv2.cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
        self.results = self.hands.process(imgRGB)
        #print(results.multi_hand_landmarks)
        if self.results.multi_hand_landmarks:
            for handLms in self.results.multi_hand_landmarks:
                if draw:
                 self.mpDraw.draw_landmarks(img, handLms, self.mpHands.HAND_CONNECTIONS)
        return img

    def findPosition(self, img, handNo = 0, draw=True):
        self.lmList = []
        if self.results.multi_hand_landmarks:
            myHand = self.results.multi_hand_landmarks[handNo]
            for id, lm in enumerate(myHand.landmark):
                h, w, c = img.shape
                # print(id, lm)
                cx, cy = int(lm.x * w), int(lm.y * h)
                self.lmList.append([id, cx, cy])
                if draw:
                    cv2.circle(img, (cx, cy), 5, (255, 0, 0), cv2.FILLED)
        return self.lmList

    def fingersUp(self):

        fingers = []
        if self.lmList[self.tipIds[0]][1] < self.lmList[self.tipIds[0] - 1][1]:
            fingers.append(1)
        else:
            fingers.append(0)


        for id in range(1, 5):
            if self.lmList[self.tipIds[id]][2] < self.lmList[self.tipIds[id] - 2][2]:
                fingers.append(1)
            else:
                fingers.append(0)

        return fingers





def main():
    cTime = 0
    pTime = 0
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
    detector = handDetector()
    while True:
        success, img = cap.read()

        img = detector.findHands(img)
        lmList = detector.findPosition(img)

        #输出打印手的位置,在pycharm显示具体信息
        if len(lmList) !=0:
            print(lmList[4])

        cTime = time.time()
        fps = 1 / (cTime - pTime)
        pTime = cTime

        cv2.putText(img, str(int(fps)), (10, 70), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 3,
                    (0, 0, 255), 3)

        cv2.imshow("svinx", img)
        cv2.waitKey(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()